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J. GRAF, T. KUES, C. MATTOGNO, <strong>SOBIBÓR</strong> 213 East. Lately, within the Reich territory, old age homes (old age ghettos) for Jews have been set up, for example at Theresienstadt. For details see note of 21 August 1942. The establishment of other old age homes in the eastern territories is being planned.” 7.4. First Deportations to the East The expulsion of 50,000 Jews from the Protectorate and the Altreich to Minsk and Riga, decided on at the meeting held on 10 October 1941, started a month later. It constituted only the first phase of these deportation, however, for the deportees were supposed to be taken further East eventually. One of the first reports concerning these transports to the eastern territories is a telegram sent on 9 November 1941 by Heinrich Lohse, Reichskommissar for the Reichskommissariat Ukraine to Rosenberg, Reichsminister for the occupied eastern territories, reading: 618 “Security police announces implementation of transport of 50,000 Jews into eastern territories. First transport to arrive Minsk 10/11, Riga 19/11. Urgently requesting to prevent transport, as Jewish camps must be moved considerably further east.” On the same day, Dr. Georg Leibbrand, Reichsamtsleiter in the Rosenberg ministry, sent Lohse the following cable: 619 “Concerning Jew transports into eastern territories. More detailed letter in mail. Jews will be moved further east. Camps at Riga and Minsk only temporary measure, hence no objections here.” The local administration was anything but happy about this influx of western Jews and objected on several occasions. On 20 November 1941, the German army commander for “Ostland” wrote Lohse a letter on the subject “Transportation of Jews from Germany to White Ruthenia” 620 specifying: 621 “Hearing from 707 Division 25,000 Jews to be moved from Germany to White Ruthenia, apparently 3000 destined Minsk with 1500 already arrived from Hamburg. The influx of German Jews, consi- 618 Gosudarstvenni Archiv Rossiiskoi (State Archive of the Russian Federation), Moscow (subsequently quoted as GARF), 7445-2-145, p. 52. 619 GARF, 7445-2-145, p. 54 and 51 (Transcription of telegram). 620 “Generalbezirk Weissruthenien,” the political unit formed by the Germans in the western part of Byelorussia temporarily occupied by them. 621 GARF, 7445-2-145, p. 60f.
214 J. GRAF, T. KUES, C. MATTOGNO, <strong>SOBIBÓR</strong> derably more intelligent than the mass of White Ruthenian population, presents great risk for pacification of White Ruthenia.” The report goes on to state that the Jewish population of White Ruthenia was “Bolshevik and apt to adopt any kind of anti-German stance,” being involved in clandestine resistance activities. Hence, the German-Jewish deportees would get in touch with communist organizations. For that reason, and also because the transports were hampering the German army, the commander asked “to ensure that no Jews will be sent from Germany to White Ruthenia.” The protests, however, would always be ignored. Franz Walter Stahlecker, chief of the security police and SD for the Reichskommissariat Ostland, notified Lohse: 622 “Jewish transports will continue to arrive at Minsk as planned. Of the 25 transports originally scheduled for Riga, the first 5 will be sent to Kowno.” On 13 January 1942, a note from Lohse’s staff reiterated: 623 “Submitted to Reichskommissar [Lohse] requesting acknowledgement of report from Minsk city Kommissar regarding evacuation of allegedly 50,000 Jews from Germany to Minsk. In the absence of other orders from Reichskommissar, the instruction of 28/11 will remain in force to the effect that objections against any kind of transport from Germany are no longer to be raised.” The Minsk local Kommissar, Wilhelm Janetzke, who opposed deportations into this city, turned directly to Rosenberg on 5 January 1942. In a letter concerning “The evacuation of Jews from Germany to Minsk” he explained that he had learned that the central agencies intended “to send another roughly 50,000 Jews from Germany to Minsk.” The city lay literally in ruins, with some 100,000 civilians living there, in addition to “some 7,000 Jews from Germany,” as well as “approximately 15 to 18,000 Russian Jews” as prisoners. Hence, it was impossible to house any more people. In addition to these difficulties, there were “the very serious problems of feeding the population (including the Jews).” For these reasons, Janetzke requested the deportations of Jews to Minsk to be suspended. 624 622 GARF, 7445-2-145, p. 62. The original has Kauen, the German name for Kowno. 623 GARF, 7445-2-145, p. 67. 624 GARF, 7445-2-145, p. 67.
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