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J. GRAF, T. KUES, C. MATTOGNO, <strong>SOBIBÓR</strong> 169 pressure injuries or suffocation caused by panicking fellow deportees, leading to a total of (170,165×0.03=) 5,104 en-route deaths. Since this is likely an overestimate, we will round off this figure downwards to 5,000 deaths. As will be further discussed in chapter 8, we find it likely that deportees who were found unfit for further transport to the east due to being disease carriers, mentally ill, or dying, were euthanized at Sobibór. If we assume that 2% of all deportees, excluding the 1,000 Dutch Jews transferred to labor camps in the Lublin district, 486 were put to death, we arrive at (169,165×0.02=) 3,383 victims, which we will round up to 3,500. In addition to this, there are indications that patients from mental hospitals in the Lublin district were sent to Sobibór to be euthanized. 487 Although there is no documentary evidence to rely on, we will estimate their number to 1,000 based on a claim of non-Jewish Sobibór victims made by Polish historians. 488 Adding the three categories together we arrive at a total of (1,000+ 5,000+3,500+1,000=) 10,500 victims. It must be stressed that this is only a rough estimate, but we find it probable that the number of Sobibór victims is in the vicinity of 10,000 dead. As shown above, we have several strong reasons to believe that the total volume estimated by Kola for the Sobibór mass graves, 14,718.75 m 3 , is significantly larger than that of the original burial pits. With an average of (10,000÷16 =) approximately 600 corpses to dispose of per month, the camp staff would have had no reason to economize on the burial space. At the labor camp Treblinka I (not to be confused with the alleged extermination camp Treblinka II) the bodies of deceased prisoners were interred in three mass graves that averaged a burial density of 1 corpse per cubic meter. 489 It follows that the original volume of the mass graves would have been compatible with our victim estimate. 486 The reason for this exclusion is that, judging by the eyewitness testimonies, those deportees were not brought to camp III and thus were not screened by the camp staff carrying out the euthanasia action. 487 Abraham Margulies (in M. Novitch, op. cit. (note 39), p. 63) and Dov Freiberg (op. cit. (note 68), pp. 252f) both mention a transport consisting of mental patients. 488 A memorial plaque at Sobibór claims that “250,000 Jews and approximately 1,000 Poles” were murdered in the camp. A picture of this plaque is found on the book cover of Zbigniew Sulimierski, Sobibór. Hitlerowski Obóz �mierci, Fundacja “Kamena” w Che�mie, Che�m 1993. See also Photograph 13, p. 412; Esther Raab testified in 1949 that Poles had also been gassed in Sobibór: Bogdan Musial, Deutsche Zivilverwaltung und Judenverfolgung im Generalgouvernement. Eine Fallstudie zum Distrikt Lublin 1939- 1944, Harrassowitz Verlag, Wiesbaden 1999, p. 206, note 43. 489 C. Mattogno, J. Graf, op. cit. (note 10, Engl. ed.), p. 77.
170 J. GRAF, T. KUES, C. MATTOGNO, <strong>SOBIBÓR</strong> In the end, the only way to determine, however approximately, the number of Sobibór dead would be to open the mass graves and ascertain the amount of cremated human remains and the number of uncremated corpses actually present. This investigation should preferably be carried out by an international scientific committee and followed by a proper reburial of the excavated human remains. The fact that during the 2000- 2001 as well as the 2007-2008 survey period no estimate of the amount of human remains was produced, to say nothing of a proper excavation of the graves, can only be taken as a strong indication that an amount of remains corresponding to approximately 170,000 victims was not discovered by the archeologists.
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