Krasnodar GRES Project Volume I11 Environmental Assessment

Populated
Areas
Mostovskoy
Perepravnaya
Kaladjinskaya
Zasovskaya
Benokovo
Table 5.11
Time Period When Above Ground Air Pollutant Concentrations
Differ From the Background Values
5.2.1.7 Impacts on Agriculture
Time Period When Above Ground Air Pollutant Concentrations
Differ From the Background Values
% of Days of the Year
8.5
2.5
1.45
3.5
3.6
Waste calculations of the Krasnodar GRES emissions indicate the domination of
nitrogen oxides and absence of toxic gases, heavy metals, dust and other
components, which could have a hazardous impact on soil and agricultural
vegetation.
Nitrogen oxides belong to short-term compounds (30 - 70 hours). During their
existence they are distributed within the area of a 150 km radius. Their
concentration decreases with distance to the point of emission from 1.9 down to
0.15 kglhectare (adjusted to nitrogen 0.15-0.6 kglhectare) with 0.9 kglhectare
mean value (0.258 kglhectare when adjusted to nitrogen). Low concentration
nitrogen oxides solutions shall be transformed in the soil.
In the spring-summer period the major portion of NOx that reaches the ground
shall be utilized by agricultural vegetation and shall be expelled from the soil with
yield. To make up for the expelled nitrogen, the soil needs to be fertilized by 40 to
90 kglhectare dosage of nitrogen as recommended by the Agrotechnical
Engineer's Reference Book of Kuban, Krasnodar, 1987, page 85. Therefore,
vegetation demand is satisfied by NOx emissions only at a 0.2-0.3 % level.
In Kuban, nitrogen loss due to erosion is 12.5 kglhectare, and due to
dealkalinization - 5 kglhectarel (Agrotechnical engineer's reference book of
Kuban, Krasnodar, 1987, page 84), consequently with mean nitrogen fertilizer
dosage of 65 kg/hectare the loss will be 26.9%. With nitrogen dosage of 0.258
kglhectare per year the loss will be 0.069 kglhectare.
Part of the nitrogen passed to soil returns to the atmosphere. During
denitrification this figure is 20% (Agrotechnical engineer's reference book of
Kuban, Krasnodar, 1987, page 84), i.e. 0.057 kglhectare.
PAGE 5-30