Krasnodar GRES Project Volume I11 Environmental Assessment
Krasnodar GRES Project Volume I11 Environmental Assessment Krasnodar GRES Project Volume I11 Environmental Assessment
4.3.1.5 Mineralogy The deposits of the terrace described (valleys of the Laba and Khodz rivers) contain primarily well rounded and semirounded rock waste of granite, gneiss, granodiorite, crystalline slates, quartz, limestone, sandstone and other rocks, but with distinct predominance of rock, composing a zone of the Main Caucasian Range. The terrace surface during high floods and abundant rainfalls is covered with water, resulting in partial washout of the accumulated debris material and its redeposition in lower areas. The basic rock-forming minerals are quartz, acid plagioclases, biotite, hornblende, pyroxene, and olivine. 4.3.1.6 Lithology A schematic section of the earth crust in the region of Krasnodar GRES is shown in Table 4.35 Table 4.35 Schematic Section of the Earth Crust in the Region of Krasnodar Power Project Layer Sedimentary cover Folded base Granite Basalt Upper mantle JI-N 0 Age AR-ARl? Lit hological Composition Clay, sandstone, limestone, dolomite,gypsum Slate, sandstone, effusive rock, limestone, conglomerate, granite intrusion Old foundation of crystalline crust. Granitogneiss Granulite Thickness, km 5 13 2,5-3,O 15 18 Density, t/m3 2,O-2,6 2,6-2,7 2,7-2,9 2,8-3,l 3,2-3,3 Stratal Rates 2900-4800 4800-5800 5800-6400 6500-7500 7600-8000 PAGE 4-49
4.3.1.7 Permeability The base of the Krasnodar GRES site is represented by a combination of sedimentary non-cemented detrital-pebbly, sandy, silty and argillaceous grounds of the Kainozoic (Quaternary and Neogene-Paleocene), characterized by a wide range of fluctuations in physico-mechanical and filtration properties. The physico-mechanical properties of grounds were studied in compliance with the existing State Standards (GOST) and procedures of Gidroproekt (of Glavniiproekt). Quaternary loams, less frequently clays of alluvial-deluvial land-slide origin are characterized by a broad range of water permeability. The filtration coefficients range within 0.0005 - 1 .I7 m per day. The average value is equal to 0.4 m per day. The recommended computed value Kf = 0.01 - 0.5 m per day (the lower limit characterizes clays, the upper one - loams). Boulder-pebbly depositions of the flood plain and above flood plain alluvial terraces of the Laba river have differing degrees of water permeability, depending on the particle size distribution of the filler. Water permeability varies from 3.0 m per day to several hundreds m per day. The highest filtration coefficients Kf (up to 500 m per day) are confined to the upper part of the boulder-pebbly layer or to the areas where their thickness is smaller. The filtration coefficient of boulder-pebbly deposits with sandy loam filler varies from 1 to 4 m per day. The average value obtained in 16 tests was equal to 140 m per day. The recommended computed value Kf = 300 - 100 m per day. Boulder-pebbly deposits of the upper Pliocene terrace are characterized by a broad range of water permeability, depending on the particle size distribution of the filler. The filtration coefficients vary from 0.33 to 7.0 m per day (according to 6 tests). The recommended computed value Kf = 1 - 5 m per day. Clays of the Sarmatian and Tortonian stages as well as those of Maikopian series make up a relative confining bed with a filtration coefficient 1.10 (-4) - 1.10 (-5) m per day. Interlayers of sand, sandstone and marl in a clay mass are characterized by increased water permeability. The filtration coefficient according to 17 tests varied from 0.03 - 4.4 m per day with the average value of 1.9 m per day. The eluviated zone of Neogene clay on exposed slopes contains groundwater due to its thinning and crumbling. The approximate filtration coefficient of the eluvial zone, including landslide bodies, is 0.01 - 0.05 m per day. PAGE 4-50
- Page 55 and 56: 3.3.4 Estimated Plant Emissions Air
- Page 57 and 58: Adding a new double-circuit 220 kV
- Page 59 and 60: The summer is hot and long (it begi
- Page 61 and 62: Notes: 1. Previous meteorological s
- Page 63 and 64: 4.1 .I .4 Annual and Seasonal Preci
- Page 65 and 66: Months I I I I I I IV V V I VII Vll
- Page 67 and 68: During rainfall and fog the western
- Page 69 and 70: Years 1979 1979 1980 1980 1980 1980
- Page 71 and 72: 4.1.3 Air Quality Impact by Nitroge
- Page 73 and 74: Appendices 8 and 9 are indicative o
- Page 75 and 76: River Laba Malaya Laba Point Doguzh
- Page 77 and 78: a steady low water level which can
- Page 79 and 80: i, Section F, ' 1 m BS m m2 1 41 4.
- Page 81 and 82: Section 1 2 3 4 Sum i, m BS Q I m3/
- Page 83 and 84: Table 4.21 Average Annual Water Dis
- Page 85 and 86: River Site La ba Kaladzhinskaya La
- Page 87 and 88: Dimensionality 8 % mln. m3 8 O h ml
- Page 89: Table 4.29 Chemical Composition of
- Page 92 and 93: Sampling Date 14.V 15.VI 2.8 20.V 2
- Page 94 and 95: Table 4.34 Recorded Disposals into
- Page 96 and 97: 4.2.2.2 Thickness and Occurrence of
- Page 98 and 99: 4.2.2.4 The Regions of Groundwater
- Page 100 and 101: 4.3. I. 1 Stratigraphy In the Cauca
- Page 102 and 103: * These An earthquake closest to th
- Page 104 and 105: a 4.3.1.4 Relief In a geomorphologi
- Page 108 and 109: 4.3.1.8 Frozen-State Regime Climate
- Page 110 and 111: Humic-gley soil constitutes 17% and
- Page 112 and 113: a reaches In terms of humus horizon
- Page 114 and 115: @ In terms of the leaching extent,
- Page 116 and 117: Form of Use Arable land Perennial p
- Page 118 and 119: @ River Laba Malaya Laba 4.4.1 Land
- Page 120 and 121: Name Administration of Mostovskoy 1
- Page 122 and 123: N 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
- Page 124 and 125: a The average annual increase of pl
- Page 126 and 127: Data on record keeping of ungulate
- Page 128 and 129: divided into separate massifs by th
- Page 130 and 131: a 4.5.2.1.3 Animal Kingdom The Cauc
- Page 132 and 133: the Southern slope. European minks
- Page 134 and 135: 4.6.1.3 Labor and Occupation Market
- Page 136 and 137: Total Disease of circulation organs
- Page 138 and 139: and waste with negative impacts on
- Page 140 and 141: Existing Environment Conditions Lan
- Page 142 and 143: 5.1.2.5 River Crossing by Transmiss
- Page 144 and 145: 5.2 Operation Stage Figure 5.1 is r
- Page 146 and 147: Maximum concentration of nitrogen o
- Page 148 and 149: Distance From the Power Plant, km 1
- Page 150 and 151: probability is 7.14 m3/sec and this
- Page 152 and 153: Underflooding of the power plant te
- Page 154 and 155: Water pollution at the water intake
4.3.1.7 Permeability<br />
The base of the <strong>Krasnodar</strong> <strong>GRES</strong> site is represented by a combination of<br />
sedimentary non-cemented detrital-pebbly, sandy, silty and argillaceous grounds<br />
of the Kainozoic (Quaternary and Neogene-Paleocene), characterized by a wide<br />
range of fluctuations in physico-mechanical and filtration properties.<br />
The physico-mechanical properties of grounds were studied in compliance with<br />
the existing State Standards (GOST) and procedures of Gidroproekt (of<br />
Glavniiproekt).<br />
Quaternary loams, less frequently clays of alluvial-deluvial land-slide origin are<br />
characterized by a broad range of water permeability. The filtration coefficients<br />
range within 0.0005 - 1 .I7 m per day. The average value is equal to 0.4 m per<br />
day. The recommended computed value Kf = 0.01 - 0.5 m per day (the lower limit<br />
characterizes clays, the upper one - loams).<br />
Boulder-pebbly depositions of the flood plain and above flood plain alluvial terraces<br />
of the Laba river have differing degrees of water permeability, depending on the<br />
particle size distribution of the filler. Water permeability varies from 3.0 m per day<br />
to several hundreds m per day. The highest filtration coefficients Kf (up to 500 m<br />
per day) are confined to the upper part of the boulder-pebbly layer or to the areas<br />
where their thickness is smaller. The filtration coefficient of boulder-pebbly<br />
deposits with sandy loam filler varies from 1 to 4 m per day. The average value<br />
obtained in 16 tests was equal to 140 m per day. The recommended computed<br />
value Kf = 300 - 100 m per day.<br />
Boulder-pebbly deposits of the upper Pliocene terrace are characterized by a broad<br />
range of water permeability, depending on the particle size distribution of the<br />
filler. The filtration coefficients vary from 0.33 to 7.0 m per day (according to 6<br />
tests). The recommended computed value Kf = 1 - 5 m per day.<br />
Clays of the Sarmatian and Tortonian stages as well as those of Maikopian series<br />
make up a relative confining bed with a filtration coefficient 1.10 (-4) - 1.10 (-5)<br />
m per day. Interlayers of sand, sandstone and marl in a clay mass are<br />
characterized by increased water permeability. The filtration coefficient according<br />
to 17 tests varied from 0.03 - 4.4 m per day with the average value of 1.9 m per<br />
day. The eluviated zone of Neogene clay on exposed slopes contains groundwater<br />
due to its thinning and crumbling. The approximate filtration coefficient of the<br />
eluvial zone, including landslide bodies, is 0.01 - 0.05 m per day.<br />
PAGE 4-50
Change language