Design of an Automatic Control Algorithm for Energy-Efficient ...

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12 Controller evaluation 126 �� Figure 12.7: Results of the climate control simulation with high ambient air humidity. little and partially recirculated air is blown into the cabin. 12.6 Stability and robustness As the controller has its built-in boundaries it gives by definition a bounded output on a bounded input signals (BIBO stability). This reduces the possible instabilities to oscillations. In the first 15 minutes of the heat-up results four temperature drops can be seen. They are related to windscreen fogging panics making the optimiser switch to a replace- ment output. Only fresh air is heated and blown into the cabin, but does not reach the temperature that is possible with recirculated air. Slight oscillations are also found in the simulation results for the “rainy autumn” case (Figure 12.7). They are of a quite constant amplitude of 4 ℃, which could be acceptable, but is not nice. This is caused by the different speeds of the system actuators. ��
12 Controller evaluation 127 �� Figure 12.8: Results of the climatisation simulation when only little heating is required. The recirculation flap position can be changed much faster than the heating power, which is quite slow. How a temperature change relates to an increased recirculation can also be seen in the results of the heat-up test case with adapted temperature in Appendix D.1.2. It is to be seen, if these effects occur in the prototype in the same magnitude and if better parameterisation has an influence. A countermeasure could be to implement the heating inertia in a model in the HVAC-system controller and adapt the amount of recirculated air to the slower heater reaction. The robustness of the controller is demonstrated by the fact that the results have been achieved with many simplifications and parameter estimations made. User setting or mode changes produce no oscillations as seen in the test cases with precondition (Figures 12.5 and 12.6). A full study of influences of parameter variations still needs to be done. ��
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ISSN 0280-5316 ISRN LUTFD2/TFRT--58
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Diploma thesis subject Problem stat
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Acknowledgements ii Acknowledgement
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Acknowledgements iv 3.1.4 Windscree
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Acknowledgements vi 8.5 System simu
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Nomenclature viii Nomenclature Symb
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Nomenclature x Other symbols Symbol
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Nomenclature xii Subscript Descript
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1 Introduction Energy consumption t
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1 Introduction 3 adjustment of the
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2 Control objectives 5 2.1 Windscre
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2 Control objectives 7 2.2 Comfort
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2 Control objectives 9 � Metaboli
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2 Control objectives 11 ��
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2 Control objectives 13 Figure 2.6:
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2 Control objectives 15 2.4 Influen
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3 System description 17 or heat com
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3 System description 19 calculated
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3 System description 21 ��
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3 System description 23 � � �
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3 System description 25 defrost tem
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3 System description 27 Figure 3.4:
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3 System description 29 width modul
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3 System description 31 ��
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3 System description 33 shown in Fi
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3 System description 35 of performa
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4 Control strategy The main goal of
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4 Control strategy 39 limits are di
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4 Control strategy 41 ��
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4 Control strategy 43 cabin. This s
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4 Control strategy 45 controlled. T
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5 The disturbance estimator 47 in e
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6 The optimiser: an evolutionary al
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7 The HVAC-system controller 69 �
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7 The HVAC-system controller 71 7.5
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8 System and functionality integrat
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Page 115 and 116: 9 The MUTE project 95 order to fit
Page 117 and 118: 10 Hardware and characteristics of
Page 129 and 130: 11 Matlab implementation The climat
Page 131 and 132: 11 Matlab implementation 111 Only r
Page 133 and 134: 11 Matlab implementation 113 left i
Page 135 and 136: 11 Matlab implementation 115 tion a
Page 137 and 138: 12 Controller evaluation 117 ��
Page 139 and 140: 12 Controller evaluation 119 be not
Page 141 and 142: 12 Controller evaluation 121 Number
Page 143 and 144: 12 Controller evaluation 123 Table
Page 145: 12 Controller evaluation 125 In the
Page 149 and 150: 13 Conclusion 129 13.2 Possible imp
Page 151 and 152: Bibliography [1] Holger Großmann.
Page 153 and 154: Bibliography 133 [22] M. Wang, T.M.
Page 155 and 156: Appendices
Page 157 and 158: B In- and outputs The interface bet
Page 159 and 160: Signal Unit Range Type Comment Stat
Page 161 and 162: In- and outputs 141 B.3 Error codes
Page 163 and 164: and system parameters 2 concentrati
Page 165 and 166: Simulation parameters 145 C.2 Contr
Page 167 and 168: Simulation parameters 147 Panic han
Page 169 and 170: Simulation parameters 149 C.5 Test
Page 171 and 172: Additional simulation results 151 D
Page 173 and 174: Optimiser code 153 real_T ∗panic_
Page 175 and 176: Optimiser code 155 52 return 10; 54
Page 177 and 178: Optimiser code 157 138 /∗ return
Page 179 and 180: Optimiser code 159 230 ∗/ ∗ ===
Page 181 and 182: Optimiser code 161 ∗ IMEA_breedin
Page 183 and 184: Optimiser code 163 414 } 416 } } st
Page 185 and 186: Optimiser code 165 if (sortedPop [
Page 187 and 188: Optimiser code 167 596 ∗ Printout
Page 189: Optimiser code 169 690 ∗ Latest R
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