Air Quality Criteria for Lead Volume II of II - (NEPIS)(EPA) - US ...

AX6-238
Table AX6-9.4 (cont’d). Effects of Lead on Hematopoietic System in Adults
Reference, Study
Location, and Period Study Description Pb Measurement Findings, Interpretation
Asia (cont’d)
Froom et al. (1999)
Israel
1980–1993
Solliway et al. (1996)
Israel
NR
Horiguchi et al. (1991)
Japan
NR
Design: longitudinal survey
Subjects: adult male battery manufacturing
workers (n = 94), mean age, 38 yr (SD 9,
range 26–60)
Outcome measures: blood Hgb, blood EP
Analysis: multivariate linear regression
Design: cross-sectional cohort
Subjects: adult male battery manufacture
workers (n = 34), mean age: 44 yr (SD 13);
reference subjects (n = 56), mean age 43 yr
(SD 12); cohorts constructed to have similar
age, ethnic characteristics, socioeconomic
status, education level, and occupation
Outcome measures: blood Hgb, RBC count
Analysis: parametric comparison of
outcome measures between Pb and reference
groups, correlation
Design: cross-sectional cohort
Subjects: adult male secondary Pb refinery
workers (n = 17), mean age: 44.9 yr (range
24–58); reference male subjects (n = 13),
mean age: 33.5 yr (range 22–44)
Outcome measures: RBC deformability
(microfiltration at −20 cm H2O pressure),
RBC count, Hct, blood Hgb
Analysis: comparisons of outcome measures
between Pb workers and reference group
Blood Pb (µg/dL) range of
13-yr individual subject
means: 20–61 µg/dL
Blood Pb (µg/dL) mean
(SD, range):
Pb: 40.7 (9.8, 23–63)
Reference: 6.7 (2.4, 1–13)
Blood Pb (µg/dL) mean
(SD):
Pb: 53.5 (16.1)
Reference: NR
Urine Pb (µg/L) mean
(SD):
Pb: 141.4 (38.1)
Reference: NR
Weak (and probably not significant) covariate-adjusted association
between blood Hgb and individual sample blood Pb (∃ = −0.0039
[SE 0.0002]), subject avg blood Pb (∃ = −0.0027 [SE 0.0036]) or
blood EP (∃ = −0.001 [SE 0.0007]).
Covariates retained in model were age and smoking habits.
Significantly lower (p < 0.05) mean RBC count in Pb workers
compared to reference group. Significant negative correlation
between blood Pb concentration and RBC count (r = −0.29,
p < 0.05). Mean comparison for blood Hgb (p = 0.4); correlation
with blood Pb concentration (r = −0.05, p = 0.7).
Significantly lower RBC deformability (p < 0.01), RBC count
(p < 0.01) Hct (p < 0.01), and blood Hgb (p > 0.001) in Pb workers
compared to reference group.