Air Quality Criteria for Lead Volume II of II - (NEPIS)(EPA) - US ...

AX6-228
Table 6-9.2 (cont’d). Effects of Lead on Biochemical Effects in Adults
Reference, Study
Location, and Period Study Description Pb Measurement Findings, Interpretation
Asia (cont’d)
Makino et al. (1997)
Japan
1990–1994
Morita et al. (1997)
Japan
NR
Oishi et al. (1996)
Japan
NR
Design: longitudinal survey
Subjects: adult male pigment or vinyl chloride
stabilizer manufacture workers (n = 1573)
mean age 45 yr
Outcome measures: blood Hgb, Hct,
RBC count
Analysis: parametric comparison of outcome
measures, stratified by blood Pb, linear
regression
Design: cross-sectional cohort
Subjects: male Pb workers (n = 76), mean age
42 yr (range 21–62); reference subjects
(n = 13, 6 females), mean age, males 41 yr
(range 26–52), females 45 yr (range 16–61)
Outcome measures: blood NADS, ALAD
Analysis: comparison of outcome measures
(ANOVA) between blood Pb categories, linear
regression
Design: cross-sectional
Subjects: adult glass and pigment manufacture
workers (n = 418, 165 females), mean age 33
yr (range 18–58); reference workers (n = 227,
89 females), mean age 30 yr (range 17–59)
Outcome measures: plasma ALA, urinary
ALA
Analysis: linear regression, correlation
Blood Pb (µg/dL) mean
(SD, range):
12.6 (2.0, 1–39)
Urine Pb (µg/L) mean
(SD, range):
10.2 (2.7, 1–239)
Blood Pb (µg/dL) mean
(SD, range)
Pb: 34.6 (20.7, 2.2–81.6)
Blood Pb (µg/dL) mean
(SD, range):
Pb: 48.5 (17.0, 10.3–99.4
Reference: 9.6 (3.3, 3.8–
20.4)
Significantly higher (p < 0.001) Hct, blood Hgb and RBC count in
blood Pb category 16–39 µg/dL, compared to 1–15 µg/dL
category.
Significant positive correlation between blood Pb concentration
and Hct: ∀ = 42.95, ∃ = 0.0586 (r = 0.1553, p < 0.001), blood
Hgb: ∀ = 14.65, ∃ = 0.0265 (r = 0.1835, p < 0.001) and RBC
count ∀ = 457, ∃ = 0.7120 (r = 0.1408, p < 0.001).
Significantly lower (p < 0.01) blood NADS and ALAD in blood Pb
categories >20 µg/dL compared to