Air Quality Criteria for Lead Volume II of II - (NEPIS)(EPA) - US ...

AX6-162
Table AX6-5.3. Effects of Lead on Cardiovascular Mortality
Reference, Study
Location, and
Period Study Description Pb Measurement Findings, Interpretation
United States
Lustberg and
Silbergeld (2002)
U.S.-NHANES II
1976-1980,
follow up to 1992
Schober et al.
(2006)
U.S.-NHANES
III
1988-1994,
follow up to 2000
4190 persons, 30 to 74 yrs, 929 of whom
died during follow up, had baseline blood Pb
measurements during the NHANES II
period. Proportional hazard models for
circulatory disease-related death (ICD-9
codes 390-459) were based on the complex
survey design, but not weighted. Presented
models were unadjusted, adjusted for age
and sex, and adjusted for age, sex, location,
education, race, income, smoking, BMI, and
exercise. Blood Pb was entered as an
ordinal three-category variable.
9757 persons, age 40 yrs, 2515 of whom
died during follow-up (median length of
follow-up 8.55 yrs), had baseline blood Pb
measurements during the NHANES III
period. Analyses were performed using
proportional hazard models for all cause
deaths, major cardiovascular disease-related
deaths (I00-I78), and malignant neoplasms
(C00-C97). Multivariate models were
adjusted for sex, race/ethnicity, education,
and smoking status and stratified by age.
Blood Pb was entered as an ordinal threecategory
variable.
Blood Pb