Air Quality Criteria for Lead Volume II of II - (NEPIS)(EPA) - US ...

AX5-122
Table AX5-8.1. Bone Growth in Lead-exposed Animals
Compound
Dose/Concentration
Duration Exposure
Route Species Effects Blood Level Reference
Pb acetate
41.7 mg Pb/l
83.3 mg Pb/l
166.6 mg Pb/l
12 to 16 wks
Drinking water
Pb aerosol
77, 249, or 1546 µg/m 3
for 50 to 70 days
Inhalation
Pb acetate
250 ppm or 1000 ppm
7 wks to females prior
to mating, continuing
through gestation and
lactation
Drinking water
Rat Pb level in bone of control animals
Wk 0 = 1.3 ± 0.83 µg Pb/g; Wk 4 = 1.2 ± 0.99 µg Pb/g;
Wk 8 = 1.3 ± 1.08 µg Pb/g; Wk 12 = 0.8 ± 0.13 µg Pb/g;
Wk 16 = 1.3 ± 0.95 µg Pb/g
Pb level in bone of animals receiving 41.7 mg Pb/l
Wk 0 = 1.0 ± 0.50 µg Pb/g; Wk 4 = 5.9* ± 1.76 µg Pb/g;
Wk 8 = 2.9* ± 1.15 µg Pb/g; Wk 12 = 6.2* ± 1.01 µg Pb/g;
Wk 16 = 6.0* ± 0.75 µg Pb/g
Pb level in bone of animals receiving 83.3 mg Pb/l
Wk 0 = 2.0 ± 0.97 µg Pb/g; Wk 4 = 11.7* ± 3.56 µg Pb/g;
Wk 8 = 8.8* ± 3.37 µg Pb/g; Wk 12 = 14.3* ± 4.29 µg Pb/g
Pb level in bone of animals receiving 166.6 mg Pb/l
Wk 0 = 0.9 ± 0.23 µg Pb/g; Wk 4 = 17.0* ± 3.89 µg Pb/g;
Wk 8 = 35.7* ± 3.64 µg Pb/g; Wk 12 = 21.7* ± 5.11 µg Pb/g;
*significantly higher than control animals at corresponding time point
Rat 16.9 ± 6.6 µg Pb/g bone taken up in animals exposed to 77 µg/m 3 for
70 days versus 0.2 ± 0.2 µg Pb/g in control animals;
15.9 ± 4.3 µg Pb/g bone in rats exposed to 249 µg/m 3 for 50 days;
158 ± 21 µg Pb/g bone in rats exposed to 1546 µg/m 3 for 50 days
Rat Offspring body weight was depressed relative to controls during
suckling (Day 11) and after weaning (Day 24) in high dose and
continuously Pb-exposed groups.
Continuous Pb exposure caused a greater decrease in offspring body
weight than Pb exposure only prior to or after parturition.
Decreased tail length growth suggested possible effects of Pb on tail
vertebral bone growth.
Not given Hać and Krechniak
(1996)
Control: 2.6 µg/dL
77 µg/m 3 : 11.5 µg/dL
249 µg/m 3 : 24.1 µg/dL
1546 µg/m 3 : 61.2 µg/dL
Dams prior to mating:
Control = 2.7 ± 0.6 µg/dL
250 ppm = 39.9 ± 3.5 µg/dL
1000 ppm = 73.5 ± 9.3 µg/dL
Grobler et al. (1991)
Hamilton and
O’Flaherty (1994)