Air Quality Criteria for Lead Volume II of II - (NEPIS)(EPA) - US ...

AX5-104
Table AX5-6.18. Genotoxic/Carcinogenic Effects of Lead—Mitogenesis—Animal
Compound Exposure Regimen Species Co-exposure Effects Reference
Pb acetate Administered Pb acetate (12.5 mg/kg) i.p.
Animals studied 24 h after injection.
Pb nitrate Liver initiation induced by the resistant hepatocyte
model
Initiation followed by i.v. injection of Pb nitrate
(100 µM/kg ) or partial hepatectomy
Studied DNA synthesis (30 h after injection) and
preneoplastic nodule formation
(5 wks after injection)
Pb nitrate Liver initiation induced by the resistant hepatocyte
model (diethylnitrosamine followed by 2acetylaminofluorene
plus carbon tetrachloride)
Initiation followed by i.v. injection of 4 doses of Pb
nitrate (100 µM/kg ) given once every 20 days or
partial hepatectomy, ethylene dibromide, or
nafenopine
Animal were evaluated for preneoplastic foci at 75 or
155 days after initiation.
Pb nitrate Liver initiation induced by the orotic acid model
(diethylnitrosamine plus orotic acid)
Initiation followed by i.v. injection of Pb nitrate
(100 µM/kg) or partial hepatectomy, or by gavage:
ethylene dibromide, or cyproterone
DNA synthesis was examined at various time
intervals (24 h–5 days) after injection.
Male B6 Mice None Pb acetate induced TNF-alpha in glial and
neuronal cells in the cerebral cortex and
subcortical white matter and on Purkinje cells in
the cerebellum, but did not induced apoptosis in
these areas
Male Wistar
Rats—4 per group
Male Wistar
Rats—4 per group
Male Wistar
Rats—4 per group
Partial Hepatectomy Pb nitrate stimulated DNA synthesis and liver cell
proliferation
Pb nitrate did not induce preneoplastic nodule.
Partial hepatectomy did.
Diethylnitrosamine Pb nitrate, partial hepatectomy, ethylene
dibromide, or nafenopine all stimulated DNA
synthesis and liver cell proliferation
Pb nitrate, ethylene dibromide, or nafenopine did
not induce preneoplastic nodule. Partial
hepatectomy did.
Diethylnitrosamine Pb nitrate, partial hepatectomy, ethylene
dibromide, or cyproterone all stimulated DNA
synthesis within 30 min.
Pb nitrate induced DNA synthesis for 5 days.
Cheng et al. (2002)
Columbano et al.
(1987)
Columbano et al.
(1990)
Coni et al. (1992)