Air Quality Criteria for Lead Volume II of II - (NEPIS)(EPA) - US ...

AX5-91
Table AX5-6.8 (cont’d). Genotoxic/Carcinogenic Effects of Lead—Genotoxicity Animal Cell Cultures Mutagenicity
Compound Assay and Duration Cell Type Co-exposure Effects Reference
Pb nitrate
Precipitate at 1000
µM and higher.
Pb nitrate
-no insoluble
precipitate
Cytotoxicity (50–5,000 µM for 5 days)
Mutagenesis at HPRT locus
(50–2,000 µM for 5 days)
Cytotoxicity (0.5–2000 µM for 5 days)
Mutagenesis—gpt (0.5–1700 µM for 5 days)
Pb sulfide Cytotoxicity (100–1,000 µM for 24 h)
Mutagenicity at HPRT locus
(100–1,000 µM for 24 h)
V79 CHL–HPRT low
clone in Ham’s F12
+10% FBS
G12–CHV79 cells
with 1 copy gpt gene
in Ham’s F12 + 5%
FBS
V79 CHL–HPRT low
clone in Ham’s F12
+10% FBS
None LC50 = 2950 µM
Pb nitrate was mutagenic at 500 µM, but there was
no dose response as higher doses less mutagenic
though still 2–4-fold higher. There were no
statistical analyses of these data.
See also Table
AX5-6.17
Abbreviations
V79 are a Chinese Hamster Lung Cell Line;
G12–CHV79 are derived from V79;
CHO are a Chinese Hamster Ovary Cell Line ;
AS52 are derived from CHO;
C3H10T/12 cells are a mouse embryo cell line
Medium and Components
AMEM—Alpha Minimal Essential Medium;
EMEM—Eagle’s Minimal Essential Medium;
HBSS—Hank’s Balanced Salt Solution
FBS—Fetal Bovine Serum
FCS—Fetal Calf Serum
Differences between the serum types are unclear as insufficient details are provided by authors to distinguish.
LC 50 = 1500 µM
Pb nitrate was not mutagenic. There were no
statistical analyses of these data.
None LC50 = 580 µM; did not increase with longer
exposures.
Mutagenic at 376 and 563 µM. Not mutagenic
lower or higher. Suggested cytotoxicity prevented
mutagenesis at higher concentrations. There were
no statistical analyses of these data.
Zelikoff et al.
(1988)
Roy and Rossman
(1992)
Zelikoff et al.
(1988)