Air Quality Criteria for Lead Volume II of II - (NEPIS)(EPA) - US ...

AX5-87
Table AX5-6.6 (cont’d). Genotoxic/Carcinogenic Effects of Lead—Genotoxicity Human Cell Cultures Clastogenicity
Compound
Assay (Concentration
and Exposure Time)
Pb glutamate Pb ion uptake–ICPMS
(250–2,000 µM for 24 h)
Chromosome Aberrations
(250–2,000 µM for 24 h)
Pb glutamate Pb ion uptake–ICPMS
(250–2,000 µM for 24 h)
Radioactive Pb
ions
No further
specification
Mitotic Index
(250–2,000 µM for 24 h)
Growth Curve
(250–2,000 µM for 24 h)
Cell cycle Analysis
(250–2,000 µM for 24 h)
LET = 13,600keV/µM
Fluence of
2 H 10 6 particles/ cm 2
Chromosome Aberrations
Abbreviations
hTERT is the catalytic subunit of human telomerase
Medium and Components
EMEM—Eagle’s Minimal Essential Medium
DMEM/F12—Dulbecco’s Minimal Essential Medium/Ham’s F12
CCS—Cosmic Calf Serum
FBS—Fetal Bovine Serum
FCS—Fetal Calf Serum
Cell Type and Culture
Medium Co-exposure Effects Reference
WTHBF-6—human lung cells with
hTERT in DMEM/F12 + 15% CCS
WTHBF-6—human lung cells with
hTERT in DMEM/F12 + 15% CCS
Human Foreskin Fibroblasts in
DF-12 + 10% FCS
Differences between the serum types are unclear as insufficient details are provided by authors to distinguish.
None Pb glutamate induced a concentration-dependent increase in
intracellular Pb ions.
Pb glutamate did not induce chromosome damage.
None Pb glutamate induced a concentration-dependent increase in
intracellular Pb ions.
Pb glutamate increased the mitotic index, but inhibited
growth and did not induce chromosome damage.
None Pb induced chromosome damage that recurred
with time and cell passaging. Analysis limited to
~25 metaphases.
Focused on radioactive effects of Pb
Wise et al.
(2005)
Martins et al.
(1993)