Air Quality Criteria for Lead Volume II of II - (NEPIS)(EPA) - US ...

AX5-41
Citation
Iavicoli et al.
(2003)
Iavicoli et al.
(2004)
Lögdberg
et al. (1987)
Lögdberg
et al. (1998)
McGivern
et al. (1991) †
Nayak et al.
(1989a)
Piasek and
Kostial (1991)
Table AX5-4.1 (cont’d). Effect of Lead on Reproduction and Development in Mammals Effects on Offspring
Species/
Strain/Age
Mouse/Swiss,
adult
Mouse/Swiss,
adult
Monkey/
Squirrel, adult
Monkey/
Squirrel, adult
Rat/Sprague-
Dawley, adult
Mouse/Swiss
Webster, adult
Rat/Wistar,
10 wks old
Dose/Route/
Form/Duration Endpoint
Pb acetate in food (0.02, 0.06,
0.11, 0.2, 2, 4, 20, 40 ppm)
exposure began 1 day after
mating until litter was 90 days
old one litter of mice exposed
to each dietary concentration
Pb acetate in feed; exposure
began 1 day after mating until
litter was 90 days old
Pb acetate p.o. exposure of
gravid squirrel monkeys from
week 9 of gestation through
PND 0
Pb acetate (varying
concentrations #0.1% in diet);
maternal dosing from 5–
8.5 wks pregnant to PND 1;
11 control monkeys, 3 low-Pb
exposure group (PbB
24 µg/dL), 7 medium Pb group
(PbB 40 µg/dL, 5 high-Pb
group (PbB 56 µg/dL)
0.1% Pb acetate in drinking
water from GD 14 to
parturition
Pb nitrate dissolved in NaCl
solution, administered
intravenously, via caudal vein
at dose levels of 100, 150,
200 mg/kg; one time exposure
on GD 9
7500 ppm Pb acetate in
drinking water for 9 wks
Low-level exposure (PbB 2–13 µg/dL) reduced red cell synthesis (p < 0.05); high-level
exposure (PbB 0.6–2 µg/dL) enhanced red cell synthesis (p < 0.05).
In females: accelerated time to puberty at PbB 180 µg/dL
Maternal PbB >300 µg/dL
Offspring PbB >220 µg/dL