A History of Christian Doctrine #3 - Online Christian Library

The Pentecostal Movement
Parham, other leaders began to describe themselves as
Pentecostal more than Apostolic. Eventually, the term
“Apostolic” came to be used primarily for Oneness
Pentecostals. In particular, it is the preferred term among
Oneness groups that are predominately black or
Hispanic.
Florence Crawford (1872-1936), an Azusa Street
member in 1906, started the Apostolic Faith Mission in
Portland, Oregon, in 1908 as a rival organization to
Seymour’s. She disapproved of Seymour’s marriage to
Jennie Moore and felt that Seymour was not emphasizing
the doctrine of sanctification as he should. She took
Seymour’s mailing list, thereby shutting down his paper,
and she started her own paper, also called The Apostolic
Faith. Her group exists today as a small organization.
Following her teaching, it has been known over the years
for advocating strict holiness of conduct and dress and
separation from those who do not.
Seymour’s struggles with Parham, Crawford, and
William Durham (discussed in chapter 2) eroded his leadership
role. The revival at Azusa Street dwindled in 1909,
picked up again in 1911 with the preaching of Durham,
and then diminished again in 1912. Most of the whites left
the mission, and in 1915 Seymour changed the constitution
of the church to specify that a “person of color” must
always be the leader. He also moved away from the doctrine
of tongues as the initial evidence of the Holy Spirit,
holding that tongues did not always come immediately,
although it was still expected as a sign that would follow
Holy Spirit baptism. After Seymour’s death in 1922, his
wife carried on as pastor until her health failed. The building
was demolished in 1931.
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