Environmental Health Criteria 214

HUMAN EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
rather similar estimates of the effect of smoking on indoor fine
particle concentrations. Spengler et al. (1981) estimated an increase
of about 20 µg/m 3 per smoker, or 25 µg/m 3 per smoking home, based on
55 residences monitored over a year in 6 US cities. In another study,
a smoking effect of about 32 µg/m 3 was estimated for smoking homes
based on data collected in Tennessee, USA (Spengler et al., 1985).
12.3.2 Carbon monoxide
The largest personal monitoring study of carbon monoxide
exposures was carried out by US EPA in Washington, DC and Denver,
Colorado in the winter of 1982-1983 (Johnson, 1983; Hartwell et al.,
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