New Modes of GPCR Signalling

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ABSTRACT New Modes of GPCR Signalling Joel Bockaert, Federica Bertaso, Carine Becamel, Maryline Labasque, Mireille Lerner-Natoli, Laurent Fagni, Philippe.Marin. CNRS UMR5203,Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle,Montpellier,France,INSERM, U661,Montpellier France and University of Montpellier For a long time, we thought that GPCRs were part of a two-dimentional signaling pathways. It was believed that ligand-activated GPCRs were only activating one or a limited number of heterotimeric G proteins . However, since according to Paul Valery « what is simple is certainly wrong » the control of cell physiology by GPCRs is far more complex. We will illustrate, with 3 examples, this complexity. The first one concerns a new type of transactivation between GPCRs and receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). Classically GPCRs are known to be transactivated by RTKs. However, there are some examples of the reverse situation. Indeed we provide data showing that IGF-Rs transactivate PACAP-Rs in neurons. Phosphorylation of PACAP-Rs, induced by IGF1, lead to un-liganded PACAP-Rs activation and their coupling to Gs. The second one is the key role of GPCR-associated signalling in fine-tuning of their signalling. mGluR7 negatively control the P/Q channels of pre-synaptic terminals an effect which require absolutely the physical association of their c-terminal PDZ ligand with PICK1. We have shown, in vivo, that disconnecting mGluR7 from PICK1 (with cell-permeant dominant-negative peptide and knock-in mice) causes absence-like seizures. The third one is the illustration that GPCRs can signal without any G activation. This will be illustrated here by showing that long-lasting (one hour) activation of ERK pathway by 5-HT2c-Rs is mediated via a complex formed by the receptor C-terminal associated and calmodulin and -arrestin.
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