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Language used by opponents of the current curriculum approach to SOSE included “indoctrination” (Donnelly, 2005, p. 56) and “...experiment of mushing up history...failing our children” (Bishop, 2006, p. 4). Offensive to many teachers of SOSE, is the inference that they are not competent to teach this KLA as they teach from a one-sided view, interpreted from a flawed, ideologically driven syllabus. Mason asserts that SOSE “substitutes propaganda and indoctrination for basic knowledge. It teaches our children the wrong lessons about the past. It teaches our children to be morally blind” (as cited in D. Henderson, 2005, p. 308). At the very least, this statement is offensive as it assumes an homogenous view of the teaching profession, ignoring the rigorous discussions and debates educators have with each other about the most appropriate content and pedagogy to adopt in classrooms. It also makes the assumption that classrooms are sites of negative indoctrination, and all the negative repercussions this brings, rather than sites of learning through a critical inquiry approach. A1.10 Curriculum Contexts: Contemporary Debates The History curriculum is not the only area of schooling that has come under sustained intense and close scrutiny. There has and continues to be mainstream media focus on the incorporation of critical literacy in the English syllabuses by attacking its relevance, complexity and perceived political agenda. Whilst some of the commentators are intentionally sensationalists (see, for example, Donnelly, 2006f; Editorial: Deconstructing the loony fringe, 2006a which contained the sensational headline “Deconstructing the loony fringe”, p. 16), others are respected educators, see, for example, Wiltshire (2006), who genuinely see pitfalls and deficits for school students in the push to include postmodern critiques of literature and the incorporation of everyday, common use texts as opposed to an established canon in the English curriculum. Wiltshire argues that critical literacy on-thewhole is not appropriate for schooling, for whilst it “...is certainly on strong ground in arguing for the development of critical thinking skills” (2006, p. 23) other aspects of critical literacy: ...is at best negative and at worst nihilistic...it would seem to belong at honours level in university degrees. School is for basics and knowledge, certainly accompanied by critical thinking, but not in a milieu where all is relative and there are no absolutes for young people who do not have the intellectual maturity to cope with the somewhat morbid rigour of constant criticism and questioning of motives. (2006, p. 23) 500

Unfortunately and as similarly experienced by the connection of the history/culture wars debate into at the coalface teaching, the debates have caused polarisations of perspectives (see, for example, extensive coverage of this issue in The Weekend Australian September 23-24, 2006). A diverse range of commentators outside of journalists, columnists and educators also participate in this ongoing debate of critical literacy and postmodernism incorporated in school classrooms. For example, Australian playwright David Williamson, although otherwise a “fierce critic of John Howard” (Donnelly, 2006f, p. 8), stated “...to treat our best literature as being nothing more than ideology would seem to be abandoning our greatest repository of human wisdom” (Donnelly, 2006f, p. 8), suggesting that human, universal truths should be retained in the school curriculum asserting “what great writing does is identify the enduring truths about human nature that cross time and culture” (Donnelly, 2006f, p. 8). Common attacks outside of any specific syllabus include topics such as a decline in standards (Giles, 2006), or as reports “Ms Bishop, who released a report this week showed a lack of national consistency in classroom curricula...it made ‘a compelling case for higher standards and greater national consistency in schools’” Madigan (2007, p. 7, emphasis added); low literacy standards (Ferrari, 2007a; Bantick, 2006; Livingstone, 2006; Lawrence 2006); “...the needs for plain-English report cards” (Donnelly, 2006a, p. 17); educational basics missing, for example as reported by Brown and Rowbottom, “teachers and academics claim students are being taught ‘sandpit science’ dictated by the dumbed-down syllabus that ignores basic scientific training” (2006, p. 7); the negative impacts of outcomes based education (OBE), cited as a “destructive impact” (Donnelly, 2006a, p. 17) with the reversal of Western Australia’s OBE to criteria based curriculum welcomed due to claims that “...an outcomes approach to learning that focused on what students should achieve and assessed what they learnt rather than traditional syllabuses that focus on content and how and when it is taught” (Ferrari, 2007c, p. 3); and a general claim that “...the state education system has been “dumbed-down” by education departments and teacher unions to the detriment of students” (Williams, 2007, p. 52). Even the radical suggestion of education vouchers has been suggested as “...the best way to strengthen schools, raise standards, and in an increasingly competitive and challenging international environment, ensure that more Australian students perform at the top of the league table” (Donnelly, 2007c, p. 28); and the more sensational idea that “militant Islam 501

Unfortunately and as similarly experienced by the connection <strong>of</strong> the history/culture wars<br />

debate into at the coalface teaching, the debates have caused polarisations <strong>of</strong> perspectives<br />

(see, for example, extensive coverage <strong>of</strong> this issue in The Weekend Australian September<br />

23-24, 2006). A diverse range <strong>of</strong> commentators outside <strong>of</strong> journalists, columnists and<br />

educators also participate in this ongoing debate <strong>of</strong> critical literacy and postmodernism<br />

incorporated in school classrooms. For example, Australian playwright David Williamson,<br />

although otherwise a “fierce critic <strong>of</strong> John Howard” (Donnelly, 2006f, p. 8), stated “...to<br />

treat our best literature as being nothing more than ideology would seem to be abandoning<br />

our greatest repository <strong>of</strong> human wisdom” (Donnelly, 2006f, p. 8), suggesting that human,<br />

universal truths should be retained in the school curriculum asserting “what great writing<br />

does is identify the enduring truths about human nature that cross time and culture”<br />

(Donnelly, 2006f, p. 8).<br />

Common attacks outside <strong>of</strong> any specific syllabus include topics such as a decline in standards<br />

(Giles, 2006), or as reports “Ms Bishop, who released a report this week showed a lack <strong>of</strong><br />

national consistency in classroom curricula...it made ‘a compelling case for higher standards<br />

and greater national consistency in schools’” Madigan (2007, p. 7, emphasis added); low<br />

literacy standards (Ferrari, 2007a; Bantick, 2006; Livingstone, 2006; Lawrence 2006); “...the<br />

needs for plain-English report cards” (Donnelly, 2006a, p. 17); educational basics missing,<br />

for example as reported by Brown and Rowbottom, “teachers and academics claim students<br />

are being taught ‘sandpit science’ dictated by the dumbed-down syllabus that ignores basic<br />

scientific training” (2006, p. 7); the negative impacts <strong>of</strong> outcomes based education (OBE),<br />

cited as a “destructive impact” (Donnelly, 2006a, p. 17) with the reversal <strong>of</strong> Western<br />

Australia’s OBE to criteria based curriculum welcomed due to claims that “...an outcomes<br />

approach to learning that focused on what students should achieve and assessed what they<br />

learnt rather than traditional syllabuses that focus on content and how and when it is taught”<br />

(Ferrari, 2007c, p. 3); and a general claim that “...the state education system has been<br />

“dumbed-down” by education departments and teacher unions to the detriment <strong>of</strong> students”<br />

(Williams, 2007, p. 52).<br />

Even the radical suggestion <strong>of</strong> education vouchers has been suggested as “...the best way to<br />

strengthen schools, raise standards, and in an increasingly competitive and challenging<br />

international environment, ensure that more Australian students perform at the top <strong>of</strong> the<br />

league table” (Donnelly, 2007c, p. 28); and the more sensational idea that “militant Islam<br />

501

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