CIB-W18 Timber Structures – A review of meeting 1-43 2 MATERIAL ...

For handling of moisture effects in design of timber structures it is proposed
that guidelines and principles are developed to determine consistent
design values for
– Expected variation between maximum and minimum moisture content
averaged over cross sections to be able to determine moisture movements
with adequate reliability.
– Expected spatial variation of moisture content within cross sections to
predict strength reduction due to moisture induced eigenstresses for
failure modes perpendicular to grain.
43-20-1 H W Morris, S R Uma, K Gledhill, P Omenzetter, M Worth
The long term instrumentation of a timber building in Nelson New Zealand
- the need for standardisation
Introduction
High quality data on building performance is needed as timber is increasingly
used for medium and large commercial, industrial and multiresidential
structures in New Zealand and around the world. Timber buildings
6 to 9 storeys high have been constructed in Germany, England, Canada
and Sweden. In New Zealand we expect a 3 storey post tensioned
building in Nelson will be the trailblazer for taller structures here. Performance
based standards require an understanding of building response at a
range of serviceability levels as well as for life safety.
Large scale earthquake shake table experiments, such as those undertaken
in the USA, Italy and Japan, provide very good initial response data
for timber structures. Multi-storey timber structures in seismic regions are
designed for structural ductility with the response analysis based on assumptions
for damping which ill be different from the laboratory to fully
fitted out buildings. It is important that monitoring is used to collect in-situ
performance data, particularly in seismic areas, to provide a solid basis for
standards for a range of fully finished structures.
For long span structures the timber deformation is a significant serviceability
design parameter so the long term deformations need to be predictable.
Monitoring provides understanding of the reliability of these design
values.
Instrumentation of buildings takes considerable effort and standardisation
is necessary to maximise the comparability of data. Timber has a
smaller research base than the major structural materials so early standard-
isation will maximise the international usefulness of a performance database.
Monitoring is discussed in reference to the GNS Science GeoNet
network and the Nelson Marlborough Institute of Technology (NMIT)
timber building in Nelson and is used to pose the challenge as to how to
develop a standard approach for wider application.
Discussion and Conclusions
More data on real building responses to earthquake and strong wind events
will mean better verification of design assumptions. The impacts, effects
and costs of measured high level serviceability events would significantly
contribute to better performance based design. This requires a number of
buildings to be available to collect useful data. GNS Science have experience
with modern installations and a comprehensive but modest plan for
New Zealand wide installations. A compatible international programme
would significantly strengthen such a database, particularly for timber
structures 4 storeys or higher.
At the time of writing instrumentation is is only partly installed in the
NMIT buildings. The timescale for design and installation has been very
tight and has had to fit around the realities of construction project scheduling.
The project has considerable complexity as well as design parameters
to be determined. At the University of Auckland it became clear that a set
of guidelines and standards would have made for better early decisions. In
the longer term such standards would mean direct comparability between
projects.
CIB-W18 Timber Structures – A review of meeting 1-43 2 MATERIAL PROPERTIES page 2.29