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654 Spangenbcrg, T. 1986. Personal Communications. Florida Department of Transportation. Tallahassee, Florida. Sun Herald. 1986. Mississippi Culf Coast (in January). Newspaper. Blloxl, Mississippi. Tarvcr, J.W. 1985a. A Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Memorandum on Hurricane Danny to Joe Herring, Assistant Secretary. Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Tarver, J.W. 1985b. A Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Letter to Director, Disaster Operations and Local Program Support. Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Tatum, W.M. 1985. Alabama Department of Conservation and National Resources Letter to the Honorable H.L. Calaghan in Washington, D.C. Gulfshores, Alabama. Thomas, R.C. 19S6. Personal Communications. National Park Service, Ocean Springs, Hisslsslppi. U.S. Coast Guard. 1986. Personal Communications. New Orleans, Louisiana, Wallis, D. 1985. Personal Communications. Southern Natural Gas. Birmingham, Alabama. White, J. 1986. Personal Communications. St. Marks National Wildlife Refuge. St. Marks, Florida. \
Estuarine andCoastal Management - Tools ofthe Abstract only Trade. Proceedings ofthe Tenth National Conference of The CoastalSociety. October 12-15.1986. New Orleans, LA. Copyright by TheCoastalSociety 1987. IMPROVED QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS Donald T. Resio Offshore & CoastalTechnologies.Inc. 911 Clay Street Vicksburg. MS 39180 One of the majorproblemsfacing decision-makers todayrelates to the lack of quantitative guidancethat they receive fromscientistsandengineers. Measurements from varioussourcesare frequently piecemeal anddo not provideanoverviewof theenvironmental concerns. Sophisticated models aredeveloped and then appliedto only a small rangeof selectedconditions. Conflicting hypotheses are oftenput forward based onthese sparce data andinterpretations of environmental interactions. This often leaves the decision-making process primarilydictated by bureaucratic considerations. A statistical methodology for obtaining a better quantitative characterization of environmental hazards is used to obtain improved quantitative estimates of risk. This statistical technique is basedon aconvolution of spatial fields andcanbe usedto obtainimprovedestimates of univariate and multivariate distributions of parameters. In turn, these distributions can be integrated toobtain risksof threshold exceedance, durations of exceedance conditions, andrange ofconditions leading up to the exceedance. In overview of the FEMA-defined flood zones applied in southern Louisiana it was shown that the older methods used to define these levels appearto be quite over-conservative. Second, ananalysis of theuseof thistechnique to evaluate thehazards dueto encountering spills (oilor toxicmaterials) hasshownthatthese riskscanbequantitatively evaluated in a fashion that can provideuseful guidanceto decision makers. One of the majoradvantages of this new methodology lies in the increased abilityto predict environmental extremes. Inapplications tooffshore wave-related hazards intheGulfof Mexico, it has been shown to provide approximately 10 times more information than a conventional site-by-site analysis. Another advantage is inherent in theability of thistechnique to estimatenonlinear multivariate relationships amongseveral environmental parameters. Standard multivariate statistical methods (such as multipleregression, canonical correlation analysis, principal componentanalysis, and factor analysis) areallbasedon linearalgebra andaredifficult to apply in situationswhere interrelations arehighly nonlinear(such as the relationships between a direction quantity and a speed quantity). 655
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HT 390 .C66 C66 1986 v.2 Thomas EBi
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Copyright® 1987 The Coastal Societ
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"PROPERTY OF NOAA COASTAL K_CE3 CEN
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PLENARY SESSIONS TABLE OF CONTENTS
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CHARACTERIZING A SYSTEM Choir. Char
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TRACKING TOXICS Chair Susan Harvey
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The Use ofthe NationalWater DataExc
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The Site Selection Process foraChes
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MANAGING LIVING RESOURCES Resource
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Estuarine and CoastalManagement - T
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398 the particular Interests, envir
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400 data, a developer may discover
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Estuarine and Coastal Management
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fortune to work with several coasta
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growth economics, local feelings ab
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410 unprotected coastal barriers wi
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412 caveats. The greatest concerns
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Estuarine and Coastal Management -
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Model of Resort Evolution R. Initia
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Pensacola Beach Like Fort Myers Bea
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had again contributed to serious en
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Estuarine andCoastal Management -To
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High altitude and oblique aerial ph
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Estuarineand Coastal Management•
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432 system, the LEO system is start
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434 b. Hind observations (Figure 5)
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436 LEO PERCENT OCCURRENCE OF WAVE
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438 Estuarine and Coastal Managemen
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440 appropriate variables and param
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STEPbTSB NBICHBOB SBCBDI CANDISC NE
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Estuarineand Coastal Management Too
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(figures 1 and 2). On a first order
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variables. This resulted in a set o
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Estuarine andCoastal Management •
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help canaands and dictionaries are
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Access to System All requests for a
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460 Why Is NOAA Unarmed In ftnMfal
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462 To test this procedure, a simpl
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464 Cowardln, L.M.. V. Carter, F.C.
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466 between the participating indiv
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468 Data Search Assistance Through
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470 Additional Information For addi
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472 Estuarine andCoastal Management
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474 FIGURE 2 OPDIN RESOURCES NMPIS
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476 means ot access, determination
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478 NMPPO. 1985b. Inventory of Non-
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EDUCATING DECISIONMAKERS William Ei
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prediction of the effects of changi
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Management Oommittee did slightly r
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The causes of the degradation of wa
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quality. For a commission to adopt
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496 authorities prior to any land d
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498 boon based largely on ono piece
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500 Interstate Agreement on Chesape
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Estuarine and Coastal Management -T
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In general, though, these relations
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meetings. Their recommendations ver
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etveen any other academic departmen
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Many of these same demands vere mad
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Estuarineand Coastal Management- To
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The private sector The motivation f
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It's more and more obvious: those w
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The Center's role is limited to ide
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County. The resulting roport, "Cons
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and shellflshing; to provide open s
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The COD is innovative as a performa
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Estuarine andCoastal Management - T
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provide adequate information for a
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Aquaculture project The most recent
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CHESAPEAKEBAY VirginiaTippie,Chair
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542 program with an investment of 2
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Estuarine andCoastalManagement - To
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methodology being proposed - develo
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major sections of the 1972 Clean Wa
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Prioritizing makes best use of the
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Degradation of the Bay has taken a
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558 federal agencies, additional tr
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560 ing system 1t would be helpful
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obtained, or shoreline changes-were
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SAV was sighted as well as water co
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canadensis and Zannlchelia palustri
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greatest percent increases occurrin
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Orth, R.J., K.L. Heck, Jr. and J. v
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Estuarineand Coastal Management- To
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Bromley (1978) considered (1) propo
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2. Rnyulntorv nrogram-i A number of
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private nuisance is an interference
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property rule. If Congress passed s
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nonpoint source water pollution con
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Estuarineand CoastalManagement - To
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cannot be granted unless there is u
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ecomes subject to cancellation. An
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REFERENCES Morrison, M.D. and M.K.
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598 other agencies are Involved in
Page 203 and 204: 600 requirements for dumping of ves
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Page 209 and 210: Application of the doctrine of Impl
Page 211: oundaries of the dry sand area and
Page 216 and 217: compilation of existing data. Areas
Page 218 and 219: To rank areas based on observed con
Page 220 and 221: In spatial coverage of previous stu
Page 224 and 225: satellites to the reserve system, a
Page 226 and 227: types of geomorphological features
Page 228 and 229: Manao-gmgnr conaldpratH onn — The
Page 230 and 231: productivity. The National Estuarin
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Page 234 and 235: equired to validate the sensitivity
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Page 238 and 239: Precision of the sediment quality v
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Page 242 and 243: Independent variable that is assume
Page 244 and 245: Possible outcomes of the experiment
Page 246 and 247: PREPARING FOR EMERGENCIES James McQ
Page 248 and 249: 648 The evacuation of more than 500
Page 250 and 251: 650 terminal; $220,000 for an oil s
Page 252 and 253: 652 U.S. Highway 98 damage estimate
Page 256 and 257: LOUISIANA'S BATTLEWITH THE SEA; ITS
Page 260 and 261: Qco ISLES DERltt^ km & Figure 2. Hi
Page 262 and 263: Objectives The first objective of t
Page 264 and 265: STATION NUMBER STATION NAME TABLE 1
Page 266 and 267: The St. Petersburg tide gauge stati
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Page 270 and 271: elative sea level rise is 0.33 cm/y
Page 272 and 273: References Byrne, P., Borengasser,
Page 276 and 277: these times that the increase in vu
Page 278 and 279: econstruction projects. Conclusion
Page 280 and 281: RESOLVING CONFLICTS/ASSESSING RISKS
Page 282 and 283: 686 lightering is estimated at $69
Page 284 and 285: BEACH EVOLUTION AFTER CAUSEWAY CONS
Page 286 and 287: 690 and overriding the facility. Ic
Page 288 and 289: Estuarine andCoastal Management - T
Page 290 and 291: Inextricably wound up with religion
Page 292 and 293: ethics is that advocated by Leopold
Page 294 and 295: laboratory animals, lower animals a
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Page 300 and 301: 708 these projects. Our criteria fo
Page 302 and 303: 710 S. alternlflora established on
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712 Additional compensation by ropl
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714 to the question of placement (l
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716 criteria adequate to achieve th
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718 Nixon, S. W. 1980. Between coas
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720 of them because of this distanc
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722 Light penetration Is probably o
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Estuarine and CoastalManagement-Too
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management emphasis Is now affectin
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734 assemblages; Juvenile fish and
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-J 736 The heavy material falls out
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738 Future Harsh Creation. We are n
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Estuarine andCoastal Management -To
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This site also satisfied several ot
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successful implementation of such a
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750 I.C.R.R Fig. I
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752 More lumber companieslaunched o
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754 the track. When ties nasoed rep
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756 Schlleder spared no expense, no
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758 Stover, j. F. 1955. The Railroa
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Estuarineand Coastal Management•
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contain detailed Information about
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production Is uncertain. Thus, the
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Estuarine and Coastal Management To
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MANAGING LIVING RESOURCES
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776 seagrasses and associated biota
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778 FLORIDA BIG BEND SEAGRASS HABIT
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780 Barle, S. A. 1972. Benthic alga
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Estuarine andCoastal Management-Too
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The Florida alligator nuisance prog
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In Louisiana, a computer simulation
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Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish C
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Estuarine and CoastalManagement - T
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794 Mississippi Born * Island Petit
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796" important means of preserving
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f 798 man-modified environments. Th
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