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652 U.S. Highway 98 damage estimates wore $750,000 for Hurricane Elena and $1,500,000 to $2,250,000 for hurricane Kate. The 1985 hurricanes result ed in $2,500,000 to $3,000,000 in damages to the St. George Island Cause way. Miscellaneous highway damages in Gulf County amounted to $50,000 (Spangenbcrg, 1986). Conclusion Tho 198S Gulf of Mexico hurricanes were both environmentally and eco nomically devastating. In the Central and Eastern Gulf of Mexico areas, coastal erosion and land loss were tremendous. Wildlife losses wero fairly heavy in tho Central Gulf aroa but appeared to bo less in the Eastern Gulf area. Oyster resources were heavily Impacted in the Central Gulf area (Mobile Bay) as well as in the Eastern Gulf area (Apalachicola Bay). The oil and gas industries suffered millions of dollars in losses in the Central Gulf. Wildlife facilities and parks suffered heavy economic losses in both areas. Likewise, highway damages in both areas wore in the millions of dollars. Agricultural damagos wore heavy in tho Central Gulf area. The 1985 hurricane season serves to underscore the continued importance of sound evacuation procedures and safety measures for the offshore industry, fishermen, wildlifo managers and local residential coanunities.
American Red Cross. 1986. Personal Communications. St. Louis, Missouri. Balsillic, J.H. 1985. Post-Storm Report: Hurricane Elena of 29 August to 2 September 1985. Beaches and Shores Post-Storm Report No. 85-2. Florida Department of Natural Resources. Tallahassee, Florida. Barber, D. 1986. Personal Communications. Florida Department of Natural Resources. Tallahassee, Florida. Bennett, S. 1986. State of Alabama. Emergency Management Agency. Montgomery, Alabama. Berrlgan, H.E. 1986. Personal Communications. Florida Department of Natural Resources. Tallahassee, Florida. Bright, R. 1985. Personal CoEsminlcations. Pennzoil Pipeline. Lafayette, Louisiana. Byrd, M.T. 1986. Personal Communications. Department of the Army Corps of Engineers. New Orleans, Louisiana. Chatry, M. 1986. Personal Consunications. Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries. Crand Isle, Louisiana. Creagon, T. 1985. Personal Communications. State of Louisiana, Senate Offica. Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Dawley, T. 1986. Personal Communications. National Marine Fisheries Service. New Orleans, Louisiana. DeWald, 0. 1982. Environmental Information on hurricanes, deep water technology and Mississippi Delta mudslides in the Gulf of Mexico. BLM Open File Report 80-02. USDI, Minerals Management Service, Hetalrle, Louisiana. Kolloman, J.L. 1986. Personal Communications. St. Vincent National Wildlife Refuge. Apalachicola, Florida. Linton, T.L. 1985. Personal Communications. Chevron Pipeline Company. New Orleans, Louisiana. Penland, S., Sutcr, J., and Nakashima, L. 1986. Protecting Our Barrier Islands. Louisiana Conservationist. January/February 1986. Polroux, R.F. 1986. Personal Communications. State of Alabama, Highway Department, Mobile, Alabama. Simpson, L. 1986. Personal Communications. Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission. Ocean Springs, Mississippi. 653
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HT 390 .C66 C66 1986 v.2 Thomas EBi
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Copyright® 1987 The Coastal Societ
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"PROPERTY OF NOAA COASTAL K_CE3 CEN
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PLENARY SESSIONS TABLE OF CONTENTS
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CHARACTERIZING A SYSTEM Choir. Char
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TRACKING TOXICS Chair Susan Harvey
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The Use ofthe NationalWater DataExc
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The Site Selection Process foraChes
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MANAGING LIVING RESOURCES Resource
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Estuarine and CoastalManagement - T
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398 the particular Interests, envir
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400 data, a developer may discover
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Estuarine and Coastal Management
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fortune to work with several coasta
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growth economics, local feelings ab
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410 unprotected coastal barriers wi
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412 caveats. The greatest concerns
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Estuarine and Coastal Management -
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Model of Resort Evolution R. Initia
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Pensacola Beach Like Fort Myers Bea
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had again contributed to serious en
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Estuarine andCoastal Management -To
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High altitude and oblique aerial ph
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Estuarineand Coastal Management•
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432 system, the LEO system is start
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434 b. Hind observations (Figure 5)
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436 LEO PERCENT OCCURRENCE OF WAVE
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438 Estuarine and Coastal Managemen
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440 appropriate variables and param
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STEPbTSB NBICHBOB SBCBDI CANDISC NE
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Estuarineand Coastal Management Too
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(figures 1 and 2). On a first order
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variables. This resulted in a set o
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Estuarine andCoastal Management •
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help canaands and dictionaries are
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Access to System All requests for a
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460 Why Is NOAA Unarmed In ftnMfal
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462 To test this procedure, a simpl
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464 Cowardln, L.M.. V. Carter, F.C.
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466 between the participating indiv
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468 Data Search Assistance Through
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470 Additional Information For addi
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472 Estuarine andCoastal Management
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474 FIGURE 2 OPDIN RESOURCES NMPIS
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476 means ot access, determination
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478 NMPPO. 1985b. Inventory of Non-
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EDUCATING DECISIONMAKERS William Ei
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prediction of the effects of changi
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Management Oommittee did slightly r
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The causes of the degradation of wa
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quality. For a commission to adopt
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496 authorities prior to any land d
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498 boon based largely on ono piece
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500 Interstate Agreement on Chesape
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Estuarine and Coastal Management -T
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In general, though, these relations
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meetings. Their recommendations ver
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etveen any other academic departmen
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Many of these same demands vere mad
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Estuarineand Coastal Management- To
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The private sector The motivation f
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It's more and more obvious: those w
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The Center's role is limited to ide
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County. The resulting roport, "Cons
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and shellflshing; to provide open s
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The COD is innovative as a performa
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Estuarine andCoastal Management - T
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provide adequate information for a
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Aquaculture project The most recent
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CHESAPEAKEBAY VirginiaTippie,Chair
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542 program with an investment of 2
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Estuarine andCoastalManagement - To
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methodology being proposed - develo
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major sections of the 1972 Clean Wa
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Prioritizing makes best use of the
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Degradation of the Bay has taken a
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558 federal agencies, additional tr
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560 ing system 1t would be helpful
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obtained, or shoreline changes-were
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SAV was sighted as well as water co
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canadensis and Zannlchelia palustri
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greatest percent increases occurrin
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Orth, R.J., K.L. Heck, Jr. and J. v
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Estuarineand Coastal Management- To
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Bromley (1978) considered (1) propo
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2. Rnyulntorv nrogram-i A number of
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private nuisance is an interference
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property rule. If Congress passed s
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nonpoint source water pollution con
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Estuarineand CoastalManagement - To
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cannot be granted unless there is u
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ecomes subject to cancellation. An
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REFERENCES Morrison, M.D. and M.K.
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Page 203 and 204: 600 requirements for dumping of ves
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Page 209 and 210: Application of the doctrine of Impl
Page 211: oundaries of the dry sand area and
Page 216 and 217: compilation of existing data. Areas
Page 218 and 219: To rank areas based on observed con
Page 220 and 221: In spatial coverage of previous stu
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Page 226 and 227: types of geomorphological features
Page 228 and 229: Manao-gmgnr conaldpratH onn — The
Page 230 and 231: productivity. The National Estuarin
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Page 234 and 235: equired to validate the sensitivity
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Page 238 and 239: Precision of the sediment quality v
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Page 242 and 243: Independent variable that is assume
Page 244 and 245: Possible outcomes of the experiment
Page 246 and 247: PREPARING FOR EMERGENCIES James McQ
Page 248 and 249: 648 The evacuation of more than 500
Page 250 and 251: 650 terminal; $220,000 for an oil s
Page 254 and 255: 654 Spangenbcrg, T. 1986. Personal
Page 256 and 257: LOUISIANA'S BATTLEWITH THE SEA; ITS
Page 260 and 261: Qco ISLES DERltt^ km & Figure 2. Hi
Page 262 and 263: Objectives The first objective of t
Page 264 and 265: STATION NUMBER STATION NAME TABLE 1
Page 266 and 267: The St. Petersburg tide gauge stati
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Page 270 and 271: elative sea level rise is 0.33 cm/y
Page 272 and 273: References Byrne, P., Borengasser,
Page 276 and 277: these times that the increase in vu
Page 278 and 279: econstruction projects. Conclusion
Page 280 and 281: RESOLVING CONFLICTS/ASSESSING RISKS
Page 282 and 283: 686 lightering is estimated at $69
Page 284 and 285: BEACH EVOLUTION AFTER CAUSEWAY CONS
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Page 290 and 291: Inextricably wound up with religion
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Page 300 and 301: 708 these projects. Our criteria fo
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710 S. alternlflora established on
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712 Additional compensation by ropl
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714 to the question of placement (l
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716 criteria adequate to achieve th
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718 Nixon, S. W. 1980. Between coas
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720 of them because of this distanc
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722 Light penetration Is probably o
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Estuarine and CoastalManagement-Too
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management emphasis Is now affectin
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734 assemblages; Juvenile fish and
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-J 736 The heavy material falls out
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738 Future Harsh Creation. We are n
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Estuarine andCoastal Management -To
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This site also satisfied several ot
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successful implementation of such a
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750 I.C.R.R Fig. I
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752 More lumber companieslaunched o
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754 the track. When ties nasoed rep
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756 Schlleder spared no expense, no
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758 Stover, j. F. 1955. The Railroa
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Estuarineand Coastal Management•
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contain detailed Information about
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production Is uncertain. Thus, the
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Estuarine and Coastal Management To
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MANAGING LIVING RESOURCES
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776 seagrasses and associated biota
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778 FLORIDA BIG BEND SEAGRASS HABIT
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780 Barle, S. A. 1972. Benthic alga
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Estuarine andCoastal Management-Too
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The Florida alligator nuisance prog
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In Louisiana, a computer simulation
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Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish C
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Estuarine and CoastalManagement - T
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794 Mississippi Born * Island Petit
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796" important means of preserving
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f 798 man-modified environments. Th
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