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DEVELOPING THE RULES AND EVALUATING THE ECONOMICS Shanon Stewart, Chair
Estuarineand Coastal Management- Toolsofthe Trade. Proceedingsof the TenthNationalConference of The CoastalSociety. October 12-15,1986. New Orleans,LA. Copyrightby 7V CoastalSociety 1987. REGULATING, PURCHASING. AND TAKING PROPERTY RIGHTS IN THE COMBAT OF NONPOINT SOURCE POLLUTION L Leon Geyer and Patricia E. Nonis Department of Agricultural Economics VirginiaPolytechnic Instituteand StateUniversity 301-CHtitchesonHaII BUcksburg.VA 24061 As tho environmental Impacts of extracting our agricultural bounty has become more apparent, farcers' use of natural resources have become subject to more careful review and regulation. Farmers' rights are in a state of transition. "Rights to uso land are being conditioned on effects that uses have on others, principally users of water and aquatic environments (Braden, 1982)." Consideration of alternative programs or policies to control nonpoint pollution would alter the current allocation of property rights, as well as the rules under which those rights aro protected and oxchanged. This paper will discuss assignment of property rights, major program alternatives, and tax expenditures In tho combat of nonpoint pollution. Control a£ Nonpoint Source Pollution Control of nonpoint source' pollution, under Section 20S of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972 (U.S. Congress, 1972), was to be undertaken by area-wide planning. Undor this process, on area-wide plan is devoloped by a planning agency at the state level and submitted to the Environmental Protectoin Agency (EPA) for approval. A regional operating agency Is then designated to carry out the plan. These regional 'Nonpoint source pollution is: (1) Generated by diffused land uso activities, not identifiable activities. (2) Conveyed to waterways through natural processes such as storo runoff or ground water saepage, rathor than deliberate, controlled discharge, and (3) Not susceptible to "end of pipe" treatment, but controllable by changes in land aanagenent or process practices. (41 Federal Reg. 24709-24710 (1976)). 577
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HT 390 .C66 C66 1986 v.2 Thomas EBi
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Copyright® 1987 The Coastal Societ
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"PROPERTY OF NOAA COASTAL K_CE3 CEN
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PLENARY SESSIONS TABLE OF CONTENTS
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CHARACTERIZING A SYSTEM Choir. Char
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TRACKING TOXICS Chair Susan Harvey
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The Use ofthe NationalWater DataExc
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The Site Selection Process foraChes
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MANAGING LIVING RESOURCES Resource
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Estuarine and CoastalManagement - T
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398 the particular Interests, envir
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400 data, a developer may discover
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Estuarine and Coastal Management
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fortune to work with several coasta
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growth economics, local feelings ab
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410 unprotected coastal barriers wi
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412 caveats. The greatest concerns
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Estuarine and Coastal Management -
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Model of Resort Evolution R. Initia
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Pensacola Beach Like Fort Myers Bea
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had again contributed to serious en
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Estuarine andCoastal Management -To
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High altitude and oblique aerial ph
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Estuarineand Coastal Management•
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432 system, the LEO system is start
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434 b. Hind observations (Figure 5)
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436 LEO PERCENT OCCURRENCE OF WAVE
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438 Estuarine and Coastal Managemen
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440 appropriate variables and param
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STEPbTSB NBICHBOB SBCBDI CANDISC NE
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Estuarineand Coastal Management Too
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(figures 1 and 2). On a first order
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variables. This resulted in a set o
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Estuarine andCoastal Management •
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help canaands and dictionaries are
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Access to System All requests for a
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460 Why Is NOAA Unarmed In ftnMfal
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462 To test this procedure, a simpl
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464 Cowardln, L.M.. V. Carter, F.C.
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466 between the participating indiv
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468 Data Search Assistance Through
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470 Additional Information For addi
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472 Estuarine andCoastal Management
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474 FIGURE 2 OPDIN RESOURCES NMPIS
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476 means ot access, determination
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478 NMPPO. 1985b. Inventory of Non-
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480 Estuarine andCoastal Management
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EDUCATING DECISIONMAKERS William Ei
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prediction of the effects of changi
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Management Oommittee did slightly r
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The causes of the degradation of wa
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quality. For a commission to adopt
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496 authorities prior to any land d
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498 boon based largely on ono piece
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500 Interstate Agreement on Chesape
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Estuarine and Coastal Management -T
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In general, though, these relations
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meetings. Their recommendations ver
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etveen any other academic departmen
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Many of these same demands vere mad
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Estuarineand Coastal Management- To
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The private sector The motivation f
Page 129 and 130: It's more and more obvious: those w
Page 131 and 132: The Center's role is limited to ide
Page 133 and 134: Estuarine and Coastal Management -
Page 135 and 136: County. The resulting roport, "Cons
Page 137 and 138: and shellflshing; to provide open s
Page 139 and 140: The COD is innovative as a performa
Page 141 and 142: Estuarine andCoastal Management - T
Page 143 and 144: provide adequate information for a
Page 145 and 146: Aquaculture project The most recent
Page 147 and 148: Estuarine andCoastal Management - T
Page 149 and 150: CHESAPEAKEBAY VirginiaTippie,Chair
Page 151 and 152: 542 program with an investment of 2
Page 153 and 154: 544 Estuarine andCoastal Management
Page 155 and 156: Estuarine andCoastalManagement - To
Page 157 and 158: methodology being proposed - develo
Page 159 and 160: major sections of the 1972 Clean Wa
Page 161 and 162: Prioritizing makes best use of the
Page 163 and 164: Degradation of the Bay has taken a
Page 165 and 166: 558 federal agencies, additional tr
Page 167 and 168: 560 ing system 1t would be helpful
Page 169 and 170: Estuarine and Coastal Management -
Page 171 and 172: obtained, or shoreline changes-were
Page 173 and 174: SAV was sighted as well as water co
Page 175 and 176: canadensis and Zannlchelia palustri
Page 177 and 178: greatest percent increases occurrin
Page 179: Orth, R.J., K.L. Heck, Jr. and J. v
Page 183 and 184: Bromley (1978) considered (1) propo
Page 185 and 186: 2. Rnyulntorv nrogram-i A number of
Page 187 and 188: private nuisance is an interference
Page 189 and 190: property rule. If Congress passed s
Page 191 and 192: nonpoint source water pollution con
Page 193 and 194: Estuarineand CoastalManagement - To
Page 195 and 196: cannot be granted unless there is u
Page 197 and 198: ecomes subject to cancellation. An
Page 199 and 200: REFERENCES Morrison, M.D. and M.K.
Page 201 and 202: 598 other agencies are Involved in
Page 203 and 204: 600 requirements for dumping of ves
Page 205 and 206: 602 oatorlal in the future. The oil
Page 207 and 208: Estuarineand Coastal Management- To
Page 209 and 210: Application of the doctrine of Impl
Page 211: oundaries of the dry sand area and
Page 216 and 217: compilation of existing data. Areas
Page 218 and 219: To rank areas based on observed con
Page 220 and 221: In spatial coverage of previous stu
Page 224 and 225: satellites to the reserve system, a
Page 226 and 227: types of geomorphological features
Page 228 and 229: Manao-gmgnr conaldpratH onn — The
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productivity. The National Estuarin
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Estuarine and Coastal Management To
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equired to validate the sensitivity
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goal, an uncertainty analysis was c
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Precision of the sediment quality v
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Independent variable that is assume
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Possible outcomes of the experiment
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PREPARING FOR EMERGENCIES James McQ
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648 The evacuation of more than 500
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650 terminal; $220,000 for an oil s
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652 U.S. Highway 98 damage estimate
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654 Spangenbcrg, T. 1986. Personal
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LOUISIANA'S BATTLEWITH THE SEA; ITS
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Qco ISLES DERltt^ km & Figure 2. Hi
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Objectives The first objective of t
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STATION NUMBER STATION NAME TABLE 1
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The St. Petersburg tide gauge stati
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STATION NUMBER STATION NAME TABLE 2
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elative sea level rise is 0.33 cm/y
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References Byrne, P., Borengasser,
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these times that the increase in vu
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econstruction projects. Conclusion
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RESOLVING CONFLICTS/ASSESSING RISKS
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686 lightering is estimated at $69
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BEACH EVOLUTION AFTER CAUSEWAY CONS
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690 and overriding the facility. Ic
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Estuarine andCoastal Management - T
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Inextricably wound up with religion
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ethics is that advocated by Leopold
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laboratory animals, lower animals a
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Estuarine andCoastal Management-Too
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708 these projects. Our criteria fo
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710 S. alternlflora established on
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712 Additional compensation by ropl
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714 to the question of placement (l
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716 criteria adequate to achieve th
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718 Nixon, S. W. 1980. Between coas
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720 of them because of this distanc
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722 Light penetration Is probably o
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Estuarine and CoastalManagement-Too
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management emphasis Is now affectin
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Estuarine andCoastal Management - T
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734 assemblages; Juvenile fish and
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-J 736 The heavy material falls out
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738 Future Harsh Creation. We are n
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This site also satisfied several ot
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successful implementation of such a
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750 I.C.R.R Fig. I
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752 More lumber companieslaunched o
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754 the track. When ties nasoed rep
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756 Schlleder spared no expense, no
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758 Stover, j. F. 1955. The Railroa
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Estuarine and Coastal Management -
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Estuarineand Coastal Management•
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contain detailed Information about
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production Is uncertain. Thus, the
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MANAGING LIVING RESOURCES
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776 seagrasses and associated biota
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778 FLORIDA BIG BEND SEAGRASS HABIT
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780 Barle, S. A. 1972. Benthic alga
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Estuarine andCoastal Management-Too
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The Florida alligator nuisance prog
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In Louisiana, a computer simulation
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Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish C
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Estuarine and CoastalManagement - T
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794 Mississippi Born * Island Petit
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796" important means of preserving
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f 798 man-modified environments. Th
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