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Estuarine and Coastal Management • Toolsof the Trade. Proceedingsof the TenthNationalConference of TheCoastalSociety. October12-15.1986. New Orleans. LA. Copyright by TheCoastalSociety 1987. Historic Ppr.ipnr?!-iv
542 program with an investment of 27 million dollars, the EPA found that the Bay was in fact stressed. Acreage of submerged aquatic vegetation was found to be the lowest in recorded history, with the prime suspect being reduced light. In sediments of certain parts of the Bay toxic chemicals were found in concentrations exceeding 100 times the natural background levels. In most of the Bay nutrient enrichment was reducing levels of the dissolved oxygen that is vital to the health of the Bay. In addition to these three primary research topics. Bay scientists observed that over time there were shifts in the living resources of the Bay. Oyster harvests had declined dramatically, and there were shifts in the species diversity and composition of finfish. Populations of marine-spawning fish like bluefish and menhaden were increasing, while populations of fish that spawn in the freshwater subestuaries of the Chesapeake like striped bass, herring, shad, and white perch were significantly declining. The findings of the Research Program documented and validated what many public officials and private citizens felt what was happening in the Bay. They formed the backdrop for a landmark conference convened by the Governors of Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania, the Mayor of the District of Columbia, the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency and the Chesapeake Bay Commission. The conference not only solidified political and public support for a restoration and protection effort; it also established both goals for the Chesapeake Bay and the management mechanism to assure that those goals were achieved. The goals and management mechanslm were articulated in the Chesapeake Bay Agreement of 1983, which was signed by the conference participants. The conference in December of 1983 was the basis for the first phase of a plan of action to restore and protect the Chesapeake Bay. The problems had been indentified, a political commitment existed, federal and state funds were available, and the public supported action. Goals were established, and an approach was described in a publication "Chesapeake Bay Restoration and Protection Plan" issued in July 1985. The programs of the Chesapeake Executive Council, which were contained in the 1985 Chesapeake Bay Restoration and Protection Plan continue today. They focus on efforts to reduce pollutant loadings through the use of known and affordable technology, including the institution of basinwide nonpoint source programs in priority watersheds, phosphorus treatment and phosphate detergent bans in critical portions of the Upper Chesapeake Bay, and reduced chlorine loadings to tributaries during critical stages in the development of young fish. These programs and activities are supplemental companion tasks to the historic EPA programs, which maintain and upgrade the NPDES permit system, protect wetlands, plan for watershed Development and implement Superfund related tasks. The 1985 Chesapeake Bay Restoration and Protection Plan is particularly significant because it contains goals in the areas of nutrients, toxics, living resources, related environmental
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HT 390 .C66 C66 1986 v.2 Thomas EBi
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Copyright® 1987 The Coastal Societ
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"PROPERTY OF NOAA COASTAL K_CE3 CEN
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PLENARY SESSIONS TABLE OF CONTENTS
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CHARACTERIZING A SYSTEM Choir. Char
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TRACKING TOXICS Chair Susan Harvey
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The Use ofthe NationalWater DataExc
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The Site Selection Process foraChes
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MANAGING LIVING RESOURCES Resource
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Estuarine and CoastalManagement - T
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398 the particular Interests, envir
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400 data, a developer may discover
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Estuarine and Coastal Management
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fortune to work with several coasta
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growth economics, local feelings ab
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410 unprotected coastal barriers wi
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412 caveats. The greatest concerns
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Estuarine and Coastal Management -
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Model of Resort Evolution R. Initia
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Pensacola Beach Like Fort Myers Bea
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had again contributed to serious en
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Estuarine andCoastal Management -To
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High altitude and oblique aerial ph
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Estuarineand Coastal Management•
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432 system, the LEO system is start
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434 b. Hind observations (Figure 5)
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436 LEO PERCENT OCCURRENCE OF WAVE
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438 Estuarine and Coastal Managemen
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440 appropriate variables and param
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STEPbTSB NBICHBOB SBCBDI CANDISC NE
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Estuarineand Coastal Management Too
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(figures 1 and 2). On a first order
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variables. This resulted in a set o
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Estuarine andCoastal Management •
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help canaands and dictionaries are
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Access to System All requests for a
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460 Why Is NOAA Unarmed In ftnMfal
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462 To test this procedure, a simpl
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464 Cowardln, L.M.. V. Carter, F.C.
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466 between the participating indiv
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468 Data Search Assistance Through
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470 Additional Information For addi
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472 Estuarine andCoastal Management
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474 FIGURE 2 OPDIN RESOURCES NMPIS
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476 means ot access, determination
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478 NMPPO. 1985b. Inventory of Non-
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480 Estuarine andCoastal Management
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EDUCATING DECISIONMAKERS William Ei
Page 99 and 100: prediction of the effects of changi
Page 101 and 102: Management Oommittee did slightly r
Page 103 and 104: The causes of the degradation of wa
Page 105 and 106: quality. For a commission to adopt
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Page 109 and 110: 496 authorities prior to any land d
Page 111 and 112: 498 boon based largely on ono piece
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Page 117 and 118: In general, though, these relations
Page 119 and 120: meetings. Their recommendations ver
Page 121 and 122: etveen any other academic departmen
Page 123 and 124: Many of these same demands vere mad
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Page 127 and 128: The private sector The motivation f
Page 129 and 130: It's more and more obvious: those w
Page 131 and 132: The Center's role is limited to ide
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Page 135 and 136: County. The resulting roport, "Cons
Page 137 and 138: and shellflshing; to provide open s
Page 139 and 140: The COD is innovative as a performa
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Page 143 and 144: provide adequate information for a
Page 145 and 146: Aquaculture project The most recent
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Page 149: CHESAPEAKEBAY VirginiaTippie,Chair
Page 153 and 154: 544 Estuarine andCoastal Management
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Page 157 and 158: methodology being proposed - develo
Page 159 and 160: major sections of the 1972 Clean Wa
Page 161 and 162: Prioritizing makes best use of the
Page 163 and 164: Degradation of the Bay has taken a
Page 165 and 166: 558 federal agencies, additional tr
Page 167 and 168: 560 ing system 1t would be helpful
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Page 171 and 172: obtained, or shoreline changes-were
Page 173 and 174: SAV was sighted as well as water co
Page 175 and 176: canadensis and Zannlchelia palustri
Page 177 and 178: greatest percent increases occurrin
Page 179 and 180: Orth, R.J., K.L. Heck, Jr. and J. v
Page 181 and 182: Estuarineand Coastal Management- To
Page 183 and 184: Bromley (1978) considered (1) propo
Page 185 and 186: 2. Rnyulntorv nrogram-i A number of
Page 187 and 188: private nuisance is an interference
Page 189 and 190: property rule. If Congress passed s
Page 191 and 192: nonpoint source water pollution con
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Page 195 and 196: cannot be granted unless there is u
Page 197 and 198: ecomes subject to cancellation. An
Page 199 and 200: REFERENCES Morrison, M.D. and M.K.
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598 other agencies are Involved in
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600 requirements for dumping of ves
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602 oatorlal in the future. The oil
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Estuarineand Coastal Management- To
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Application of the doctrine of Impl
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oundaries of the dry sand area and
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compilation of existing data. Areas
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To rank areas based on observed con
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In spatial coverage of previous stu
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satellites to the reserve system, a
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types of geomorphological features
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Manao-gmgnr conaldpratH onn — The
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productivity. The National Estuarin
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Estuarine and Coastal Management To
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equired to validate the sensitivity
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goal, an uncertainty analysis was c
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Precision of the sediment quality v
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Independent variable that is assume
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Possible outcomes of the experiment
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PREPARING FOR EMERGENCIES James McQ
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648 The evacuation of more than 500
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650 terminal; $220,000 for an oil s
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652 U.S. Highway 98 damage estimate
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654 Spangenbcrg, T. 1986. Personal
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LOUISIANA'S BATTLEWITH THE SEA; ITS
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Qco ISLES DERltt^ km & Figure 2. Hi
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Objectives The first objective of t
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STATION NUMBER STATION NAME TABLE 1
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The St. Petersburg tide gauge stati
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STATION NUMBER STATION NAME TABLE 2
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elative sea level rise is 0.33 cm/y
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References Byrne, P., Borengasser,
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these times that the increase in vu
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econstruction projects. Conclusion
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RESOLVING CONFLICTS/ASSESSING RISKS
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686 lightering is estimated at $69
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BEACH EVOLUTION AFTER CAUSEWAY CONS
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690 and overriding the facility. Ic
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Estuarine andCoastal Management - T
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Inextricably wound up with religion
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ethics is that advocated by Leopold
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laboratory animals, lower animals a
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Estuarine andCoastal Management-Too
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708 these projects. Our criteria fo
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710 S. alternlflora established on
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712 Additional compensation by ropl
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714 to the question of placement (l
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716 criteria adequate to achieve th
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718 Nixon, S. W. 1980. Between coas
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720 of them because of this distanc
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722 Light penetration Is probably o
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Estuarine and CoastalManagement-Too
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management emphasis Is now affectin
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Estuarine andCoastal Management - T
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734 assemblages; Juvenile fish and
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-J 736 The heavy material falls out
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738 Future Harsh Creation. We are n
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740 Estuarine and Coastal Managemen
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This site also satisfied several ot
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successful implementation of such a
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750 I.C.R.R Fig. I
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752 More lumber companieslaunched o
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754 the track. When ties nasoed rep
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756 Schlleder spared no expense, no
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758 Stover, j. F. 1955. The Railroa
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Estuarine and Coastal Management -
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Estuarineand Coastal Management•
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contain detailed Information about
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production Is uncertain. Thus, the
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MANAGING LIVING RESOURCES
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776 seagrasses and associated biota
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778 FLORIDA BIG BEND SEAGRASS HABIT
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780 Barle, S. A. 1972. Benthic alga
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Estuarine andCoastal Management-Too
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The Florida alligator nuisance prog
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In Louisiana, a computer simulation
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Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish C
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Estuarine and CoastalManagement - T
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794 Mississippi Born * Island Petit
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796" important means of preserving
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f 798 man-modified environments. Th
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