Immunotherapy for Infectious Diseases
Immunotherapy for Infectious Diseases Immunotherapy for Infectious Diseases
Index 325 immunotherapy clinical trials, cancer, 108, 109 human immunodeficiency virus, 107, 108 infection response, Chlamydia trachomatis, 102 cytomegalovirus, 102 hepatitis B virus, 102 human immunodeficiency virus, 100, 101 human papillomavirus, 102 influenza virus, 102 Leishmania major, 101 Mycobacterium infection, 103 Toxoplasma gondii, 101 Trypanosoma cruzi, 101 markers, 103–105 ontogeny, 103, 104 prospects for research, 109 subpopulations, 104, 105 vaccines, 265 Diethylcarbamazine, fungal infection management, 310, 311 Digoxin, immunoglobulin therapy, 74 Dinitrochlorobenzene, fungal infection management, 310 DNA immunostimulatory sequences, mucosal immunity adjuvants, 50 DNA vaccine, see Vaccine E EBV, see Epstein-Barr virus Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), B-cell immortalization, 80 immune response, 181 lymphoproliferative disorders, incidence, 252 T-cell, response, 252 therapeutic transplantation, 252–254, 265–267 malignancies, adoptive immunotherapy, 265–267 nasopharyngeal carcinoma vaccination, 267 types, 251 Erlich, P., immunology contributions, 3, 4 Escherichia coli, intravenous immunoglobulin, 277, 278 F FcγΡ affinity for immunoglobulin G, 7, 8 cell distribution Fungal infection, immunocompromised host susceptibility, 305, 306 immunotherapy, adverse outcomes, 308, 315 chloroquine, 308 colony-stimulating factors, 309–313, 316 diethylcarbamazine, 308, 309 dinitrochlorobenzene, 308 fungal antigen administration, 314, 315 granulocyte transfusion, 306–308 interferon-γ, 313 interleukin-12, 315 intravenous immunoglobulin, 313 literature, 306 prospects, 316, 317 Pythium insidisum vaccine, 313, 314 specific antibody therapy, 315 transfer factor, 314 types, 303, 305 incidence trends types and risk factors G GALT, see Gut-associated lymphoreticular tissue G-CSF, see Granulocyte colonystimulating factor Gene therapy, challenges, 237 human immunodeficiency virus, animal studies, 246, 247 clinical trials, 247 combination therapies, 243 infection cycle and therapeutic targets, 237–239 protein inhibitors, CD4, 241 chemokine coreceptors, 241 single-chain antibodies, 241, 242 toxic genes, 241 transdominant negative mutants, 240, 241 retroviral vectors,
326 Index C-type retrovirus vectors, 244 challenges, 245 human immunodeficiency virusbased vectors, 244 RNA inhibitors, antisense RNA, 242 decoys, 242, 243 ribozymes, 242 GM-CSF, see Granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor Granulocyte, transfusion for fungal infection, 306–308 Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), fungal infection treatment, 307–310 Granulocyte/macrophage colonystimulating factor (GM-CSF), fungal infection treatment, 307, 309, 310, 312 Gut-associated lymphoreticular tissue (GALT), see Mucosal immunity H HAART, see Highly active antiretroviral therapy Haemophilus influenzae, intravenous immunoglobulin, 277 Hepatitis B, cytokine clearance and therapy, 254 dendritic cell response, 102 immune response, 269 immunoglobulin therapy, 72, 254 liver damage, 269 vaccination, 269 Hepatocellular carcinoma, see Hepatitis B Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), AIDS mortality impact, 164 historical perspective, 163, 164 humoral immunity effects, 170 immune reconstitution and consequences, 164–166, 171, 185, 186 initiation timing effects on immune reconstitution, 171 limitations, 172, 181, 222 malignancy incidence impact, 166 opportunistic infection impact, 164, 221 structured treatment interruption, 187, 188 T-cell responses, CD4+ cell blood counts, 166–168, 185, 186, 222, 226, 227 CD8+ cells, 170, 171 delayed-type hypersensitivity, 169 proliferative responses, 169, 170 viral load response, 221 Histoplasmosis, see Fungal infection HIV, see Human immunodeficiency virus Hodgkin's disease, see Epstein-Barr virus HPV, see Human papillomavirus Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), antibody-dependent enhancement, 74 antigen-presenting cell defects, 156, 157 clades, 151 course and individual variation, 152, 153, 222, 223 cytokine response, 156 dendritic cell, immunotherapy clinical trials, 107, 108 response, 100, 101 discovery of AIDS, 151 epidemiology, 151, 152 gp41-mediated membrane fusion, 224, 225 humoral immune response, 75, 76, 182, 199 immune dysfunction, 155–157 immune exhaustion and escape, 184, 185 immunoglobulin therapy, 76–78 infection cycle, 153, 154, 237–239 inoculum size, 212 macaque model, 77, 78 major histocompatibility complex alleles and disease progression, 25, 26 opportunistic infection, see Cytomegalovirus; Fungal infection; Tuberculosis receptors, 76, 223–225 resistance, 153, 154 structure, 153, 199, 200 T-cell response, cytotoxic T-lymphocytes,
- Page 286 and 287: From: Immunotherapy for Infectious
- Page 288 and 289: Bacterial Infections and Sepsis 277
- Page 290 and 291: Bacterial Infections and Sepsis 279
- Page 292: Bacterial Infections and Sepsis 281
- Page 295 and 296: 284 Wallis and Johnson replication
- Page 297 and 298: 286 Wallis and Johnson Several stud
- Page 299 and 300: 288 Wallis and Johnson monocytes, a
- Page 301 and 302: 290 Wallis and Johnson peripheral b
- Page 303 and 304: 292 Wallis and Johnson (A. Hise and
- Page 305 and 306: 294 Wallis and Johnson infections,
- Page 307 and 308: 296 Wallis and Johnson 37. Boom WH.
- Page 309 and 310: 298 Wallis and Johnson 77. Ellner J
- Page 311 and 312: 300 Wallis and Johnson 113. Raad I,
- Page 313 and 314: 302 Wallis and Johnson 154. Anonymo
- Page 315 and 316: 304 Table 1 Major Fungal Infections
- Page 317 and 318: 306 Casadevall species suggest that
- Page 319 and 320: 308 Casadevall transfusions from G-
- Page 321 and 322: 310 Casadevall Table 3 Augmentation
- Page 323 and 324: 312 Casadevall There has been some
- Page 325 and 326: 314 Casadevall effective in achievi
- Page 327 and 328: 316 Casadevall CONCLUSION AND FUTUR
- Page 329 and 330: 318 Casadevall 16. Boutati EI, Anai
- Page 331 and 332: 320 Casadevall 52. Gallin JI, Malec
- Page 333 and 334: 322 Casadevall 91. Kowanko IC, Ferr
- Page 335: 324 Index Blastomycosis, see Fungal
- Page 339 and 340: 328 Index K Klebsiella, intravenous
- Page 341 and 342: 330 Index Vaccine Recombinant vecto
- Page 343: Infectious Disease IMMUNOTHERAPY FO
326 Index<br />
C-type retrovirus<br />
vectors, 244<br />
challenges, 245<br />
human<br />
immunodeficiency virusbased<br />
vectors, 244<br />
RNA inhibitors,<br />
antisense RNA, 242<br />
decoys, 242, 243<br />
ribozymes, 242<br />
GM-CSF, see Granulocyte/macrophage<br />
colony-stimulating factor<br />
Granulocyte, transfusion <strong>for</strong> fungal<br />
infection, 306–308<br />
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor<br />
(G-CSF), fungal infection treatment,<br />
307–310<br />
Granulocyte/macrophage colonystimulating<br />
factor (GM-CSF),<br />
fungal infection treatment, 307,<br />
309, 310, 312<br />
Gut-associated lymphoreticular tissue<br />
(GALT), see Mucosal immunity<br />
H<br />
HAART, see Highly active antiretroviral<br />
therapy<br />
Haemophilus influenzae, intravenous<br />
immunoglobulin, 277<br />
Hepatitis B,<br />
cytokine clearance and therapy, 254<br />
dendritic cell response, 102<br />
immune response, 269<br />
immunoglobulin therapy, 72, 254<br />
liver damage, 269<br />
vaccination, 269<br />
Hepatocellular carcinoma, see Hepatitis B<br />
Highly active antiretroviral therapy<br />
(HAART),<br />
AIDS mortality impact, 164<br />
historical perspective, 163, 164<br />
humoral immunity effects, 170<br />
immune reconstitution and<br />
consequences, 164–166, 171, 185,<br />
186<br />
initiation timing effects on<br />
immune reconstitution, 171<br />
limitations, 172, 181, 222<br />
malignancy incidence impact, 166<br />
opportunistic infection impact, 164,<br />
221<br />
structured treatment<br />
interruption, 187, 188<br />
T-cell responses,<br />
CD4+ cell blood counts,<br />
166–168, 185, 186, 222, 226, 227<br />
CD8+ cells, 170, 171<br />
delayed-type hypersensitivity, 169<br />
proliferative responses, 169, 170<br />
viral load response, 221<br />
Histoplasmosis, see Fungal infection<br />
HIV, see Human immunodeficiency<br />
virus<br />
Hodgkin's disease, see Epstein-Barr virus<br />
HPV, see Human papillomavirus<br />
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV),<br />
antibody-dependent<br />
enhancement, 74<br />
antigen-presenting cell defects, 156,<br />
157<br />
clades, 151<br />
course and individual variation, 152,<br />
153, 222, 223<br />
cytokine response, 156<br />
dendritic cell,<br />
immunotherapy clinical<br />
trials, 107, 108<br />
response, 100, 101<br />
discovery of AIDS, 151<br />
epidemiology, 151, 152<br />
gp41-mediated membrane<br />
fusion, 224, 225<br />
humoral immune response, 75, 76,<br />
182, 199<br />
immune dysfunction, 155–157<br />
immune exhaustion and escape, 184,<br />
185<br />
immunoglobulin therapy, 76–78<br />
infection cycle, 153, 154, 237–239<br />
inoculum size, 212<br />
macaque model, 77, 78<br />
major histocompatibility<br />
complex alleles and disease<br />
progression, 25, 26<br />
opportunistic infection, see<br />
Cytomegalovirus; Fungal<br />
infection; Tuberculosis<br />
receptors, 76, 223–225<br />
resistance, 153, 154<br />
structure, 153, 199, 200<br />
T-cell response,<br />
cytotoxic T-lymphocytes,
Change language