Immunotherapy for Infectious Diseases

Fungal Infections 319
35. Vecchiarelli A, Monari C, Baldelli F, et al. Beneficial effects of recombinant human granulocyte
colony-stimulating factor on fungicidal activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes
from patients with AIDS. J Infect Dis 1995; 171:1448–1454.
36. Kuritzkes DR, Parenti D, Ward DJ, et al. Filgastrim prevents severe neutropenia and
reduces infective morbidity in patients with advanced HIV infection: results of a randomized,
multicenter, controlled trial. AIDS 1998; 12:65–74.
37. Liles WC, Huang JE, van Burik JH, Bowden RA, Dale DC. Granulocyte colonystimulating
factor administered in vivo augments neutrophil-mediated activity against
opportunistic fungal pathogens. J Infect Dis 1997; 175:1012–1015.
38. Avilés A, Guzmán R, García EL, Talavera A, Díaz-Maqueo JC. Results of a randomized
trial of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in patients with infection and severe neutropenia.
Anti-Cancer Drugs 1996; 7:392–397.
39. Dornbusch HJ, Urban CE, Pinter H, et al. Treatment of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis
in severely neutropenic children with malignant disorders using liposomal amphotericin
B (Ambisome), granulocyte colony stimulating factor, and surgery: report of five cases.
Pediatr Hematol Oncol 1995; 12:577–586.
40. Montgomery B, Bianco JA, Jacobsen A, Singer JW. Localization of transfused neutrophils
to site of infection during treatment with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage
colony-stimulating factor and pentoxifylline. Blood 1991; 78:533–541.
41. Peters BG, Adkins DR, Harrison BR, et al. Antifungal effects of yeast-derived rhu-GM-
CSF in patients receiving high-dose chemotherapy given with or without autologous stem
cell transplantation: a retrospective analysis. Bone Marrow Transplant 1996; 18:93–102.
42. Nemunaitis J, Buckner CD, Dorsey KS, Willis D, Meyer W, Appelbaum FR. Retrospective
analysis of infectious disease in patients who received recombinant human granulocytemacrophage
colony-stimulating factor versus patients not receiving a cytokine who underwent
autologous bone marrow transplantation for treatment of lymphoid cancer. Am J Clin
Oncol 1998; 21:341–346.
43. Bodey GP, Anaissie EJ, Gutterman J, Vadhan-Raj S. Role of granulocyte-macrophage
colony-stimulating factor as adjuvant therapy for fungal infection in patients with cancer.
Clin Infect Dis 1993; 17:705–707.
44. Rowe JM. Treatment of acute myeloid leukemia with cytokines: effect on duration of neutropenia
and response to infection. Clin Infect Dis 1998; 26:1290–1294.
45. Nemunaitis J, Meyers JD, Buckner CD, et al. Phase I trial of recombinant human
macrophage colony-stimulating factor in patients with invasive fungal infections. Blood
1991; 78:907–913.
46. Nemunaitis J, Shannon-Dorcy K, Appelbaum FR, et al. Long-term follow-up of patients
with invasive fungal disease who received adjunctive therapy with recombinant human
macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Blood 1993; 82:1422–1427.
47. Nemunaitis J. Use of macrophage colony-stimulating factor in the treatment of fungal
infections. Clin Infect Dis 1998; 26:1279–1281.
48. Murray HW. Interferon-gamma and host antimicrobial defense: current and future clinical
applications. Am J Med 1998; 97:459–467.
49. Holland SM, Eisenstein EM, Kuhns DB, et al. Treatment of refractory disseminated nontuberculous
mycobacterial infection with interferon gamma. N Engl J Med 1999;
330:1348–1355.
50. Joly V, Saint-Julien L, Carbon C, Yeni P. In vivo activity of interferon-gamma in combination
with amphotericin B in the treatment of experimental cryptococcosis. J Infect Dis
1994; 170:1331–1334.
51. Roilides E, Sigler L, Bibashi E, Katsifa H, Flaris N, Panteliadis, C. Disseminated infection
due to Chrysosporium zonatum in a patient with chronic granulomatous disease and
review of non-Aspergillus fungal infections in patients with this disease. J Clin Microbiol
1998; 37:18–25.