Immunotherapy for Infectious Diseases

Virus-Associated Malignancies 271
12. Velders MP, Schreiber H, Kast WM. Active immunization against cancer cells: impediments
and advances. Semin Oncol 1998; 25:697–706.
13. Zinkernagel RM, Doherty PC. Immunological surveillance against altered self components
by sensitised T lymphocytes in lymphocytic choriomeningitis. Nature 1974; 251:547–548.
14. Heslop HE, Ng CY, Li C, et al. Long-term restoration of immunity against Epstein-Barr
virus infection by adoptive transfer of gene-modified virus-specific T lymphocytes. Nat
Med 1996; 2:551–555.
15. Bonini C, Ferrari G, Verzeletti S, et al. HSV-TK gene transfer into donor lymphocytes for
control of allogeneic graft-versus-leukemia [see comments]. Science 1997; 276:1719–1724.
16. Hwu P, Yannelli J, Kriegler M, et al. Functional and molecular characterization of tumorinfiltrating
lymphocytes transduced with tumor necrosis factor-alpha cDNA for the gene
therapy of cancer in humans. J Immunol 1993; 150:4104–4115.
17. Velders MP, Nieland JD, Rudolf MP, et al. Identification of peptides for immunotherapy of
cancer. It is worth the effort. Crit Rev Immunol 1998; 18:7–27.
18. Ressing ME, Offringa R, Toes RE, et al. Immunotherapy of cancer by peptide-based vaccines
for the induction of tumor-specific T cell immunity. Immunotechnology 1996;
2:241–251.
19. Ressing ME, van Driel WJ, Celis E, et al. Occasional memory cytotoxic T-cell responses
of patients with human papillomavirus type 16-positive cervical lesions against a human
leukocyte antigen-A * 0201-restricted E7-encoded epitope. Cancer Res 1996; 56:582–588.
20. Sette A, Vitiello A, Reherman B, et al. The relationship between class I binding affinity and
immunogenicity of potential cytotoxic T cell epitopes. J Immunol 1994; 153:5586–5592.
21. Schulz M, Zinkernagel RM, Hengartner H. Peptide-induced antiviral protection by cytotoxic
T cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1991; 88:991–993.
22. Kast WM, Roux L, Curren J, et al. Protection against lethal Sendai virus infection by in
vivo priming of virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes with a free synthetic peptide. Proc
Natl Acad Sci USA 1991; 88:2283–2287.
23. Feltkamp MC, Smits HL, Vierboom MP, et al. Vaccination with cytotoxic T lymphocyte
epitope-containing peptide protects against a tumor induced by human papillomavirus type
16-transformed cells. Eur J Immunol 1993; 23:2242–2249.
24. Toes RE, Blom RJ, Offringa R, Kast WM, Melief CJ. Enhanced tumor outgrowth after peptide
vaccination. Functional deletion of tumor-specific CTL induced by peptide vaccination
can lead to the inability to reject tumors. J Immunol 1996; 156:3911–3918.
25. Grohmann U, Bianchi R, Ayroldi E, et al. A tumor-associated and self antigen peptide presented
by dendritic cells may induce T cell anergy in vivo, but IL-12 can prevent or revert
the anergic state. J Immunol 1997; 158:3593–3602.
26. White SA, Conry RM, Strong TV, Curiel DT, LoBuglio AL. Polynucleotide-mediated
immunization therapy of cancer. In: Lattime EC, Gerson SL (eds). Gene Therapy of Cancer.
San Diego: Academic Press, 1999, pp. 271–283.
27. Ulmer JB, Fu TM, Deck RR, et al. Protective CD4� and CD8� T cells against influenza
virus induced by vaccination with nucleoprotein DNA. J Virol 1998; 72:5648–5653.
28. Tang DC, DeVit M, Johnston SA. Genetic immunization is a simple method for eliciting
an immune response. Nature 1992; 356:152–154.
29. Butterfield LH, Ribas A, Economou JS. DNA and dendritic cell-based genetic immunization
against cancer. In: Lattime EC, Gerson SL (eds). Gene Therapy of Cancer. San Diego:
Academic Press, 1999, pp. 285–298.
30. Inaba K, Turley S, Yamaide F, et al. Efficient presentation of phagocytosed cellular fragments
on the major histocompatibility complex class II products of dendritic cells. J Exp
Med 1998; 188:2163–2173.
31. Davis HL, McCluskie MJ, Gerin JL, Purcell RH. DNA vaccine for hepatitis B: evidence
for immunogenicity in chimpanzees and comparison with other vaccines. Proc Natl Acad
Sci USA 1996; 93:7213–7218.