Immunotherapy for Infectious Diseases

Immunotherapy for Infectious Diseases Immunotherapy for Infectious Diseases

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Passive Immunotherapy for HIV Infection 215 43. Gorny MK, Moore JP, Conley AJ, et al. Human anti-V2 monoclonal antibody that neutralizes primary but not laboratory isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. J Virol 1994; 68:8312–8320. 44. Cotropia J, Ugen KE, Kliks S, et al. A human monoclonal antibody to HIV-1 gp41 with neutralizing activity against diverse laboratory isolates. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1996; 12:221–232. 45. Muster T, Guinea R, Trkola A, et al. Cross-neutralizing activity against divergent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates induced by the gp41 sequence ELDKEAS. J Virol 1994; 68:4031–4034. 46. Trkola A, Purtscher M, Muster T, et al. Human monoclonal antibody 2G12 defines a disinctive neutalization epitope on the gp120 glycoprotein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. J Virol 1996; 70:1100–1108. 47. Trkola A, Pomales AB, Yuan H, et al. Cross-clade neutralization of primary isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by human monoclonal antibodies and tetrameric CD4-IgG. J Virol 1995; 69:6609–6617. 48. D’Souza MP, Milman G, Bradac JA, McPhee D, Hanson CV, Hendry RM. Neutralization of primary HIV-1 isolates by anti-envelope monoclonal antibodies. AIDS 1995; 9:867–874. 49. Laal S, Burda S, Gorny MK, Karwowska S, Buchbinder A, Zolla-Pazner S. Synergistic neutralization of human immunodeficiency type 1 by combinations of human monoclonal antibodies. J Virol 1994; 68:4001–4008. 50. Thali M, Furman C, Wahren B, et al. Cooperativity of neutralizing antibodies directed against the V3 and CD4 binding regions of the human immunodeficiency virus gp120 envelope glycoprotein. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1992; 5:591–599. 51. Tilley SA, Honnen WJ, Racho ME, Chou T-C, Pinter A. Synergistic neutralization of HIV-1 by human monoclonal antibodies against the V3 loop and the CD4-binding site of gp120. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1992; 8:461–467. 52. Vijh-Warrier S, Pinter A, Honnen WJ, Tilley S. Synergistic neutralization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by a chimpanzee monoclonal antibody against the V2 domain of gp120 in combination with monoclonal antibodies against the V3 loop and the CD4-binding site. J Virol 1996; 70:4466–4473. 53. Li A, Baba TW, Sodroski J, et al. Synergistic neutralization of a chimeric SIV/HIV type 1 virus with combinations of human anti-HIV type 1 envelope monoclonal antibodies or hyperimmune globulins. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1997; 13:647–656. 54. Li A, Katinger H, Posner MR, et al. Synergistic neutralization of simian-human immunodeficiency virus SHIV-vpu� by triple and quadruple combinations of human monoclonal antibodies and high-titer anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 immunoglobulins. J Virol 1998; 72:3235–3240. 55. Mascola JR, Louder MK, Van Cott TC, et al. Potent and synergistic neutralization of human immunodeficiency (HIV) type 1 primary isolates by hyperimmune anti-HIV immunoglobulin combined with monoclonal antibodies 2F5 and 2G12. J Vir 1997; 71: 7198–7206. 56. Cummins LM, Weinhold KJ, Matthews TJ, et al. Preparation and characterization of an intravenous solution of IgG from human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive donors. Blood 1991; 77:1111–1117. 57. Cavacini LA, Emes CI, Power J, et al. Human monoclonal antibodies to the V3 loop of HIV-1 gp120 mediate variable and distinct effects on binding and viral neutralization by a human monoclonal antibody to the CD4 binding site. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1993; 6:6353–6358. 58. McKeating JA, Bennett J, Zolla-Pazner S, et al. Resistance of a human serum-selected human immunodeficiency virus type 1 escape mutant to neutralization by CD4 binding site monoclonal antibodies is conferred by a single amino acid change in gp120. J Virol 1993; 67:5216–5225.

216 Jacobson 59. Yoshiyama H, Mo H, Moore JP, Ho DD. Characterization of mutants of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 that have escaped neutralization by a monoclonal antibody to the gp120 V2 loop. J Virol 1994; 68:974–978. 60. Shotton C, Arnold C, Sattentau Q, Sodroski J, McKeating JA. Identification and characterization of monoclonal antibodies specific for polymorphic antigenic determinants within the V2 region of the human immunodeficiency virus type I. J Virol 1995; 69:222–230. 61. Daar ES, Li XL, Mougdil T, Ho DD. High concentrations of recombinant soluble CD4 are required to neutralize primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1990; 87:6574–6578. 62. Daar ES, Ho DD. Relative resistance of primary HIV-1 isolates to neutralization by soluble CD4. Am J Med 1991; 90(Suppl 4A):22S–26S. 63. Schacker T, Coombs RW, Collier AC, et al. The effects of high-dose recombinant soluble CD4 on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 viremia. J Infect Dis 1994; 169:37–40. 64. Hodges TL, Kahn JO, Kaplan LD, et al. Phase I study of recombinant human CD4immunoglobulin G therapy of patients with AIDS and AIDS-related complex. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1991; 35:2580–2586. 65. Gauduin MC, Allaway GP, Maddon PJ, Barbas CF, Burton DR, Koup RA. Evaluation of the protective role of two recombinant immunoglobulin molecules in passive protection against primary isolates of HIV-1. Keystone Symposium: Immunopathogenesis of HIV Infection 1996; Hilton Head Island, South Carolina. 66. Dalgleish AG, Beverley PCL, Clapham PR, Crawford DH, Greaves MF, Weiss RA. The CD4 (T4) antigen is an essential component of the receptor for the AIDS retrovirus. Nature 1984; 312:763–767. 67. Klatzman D, Champagne E, Chamaret S, et al. T-lymphocytes T4 molecule behaves as the receptor for human retrovirus LAV. Nature 1984; 312:767–768. 68. McDougal JS, Kennedy MS, Sligh JM, Cort SP, Mawle A, Nicholson JKA. (1986) Binding of HTL-III/LAV to T4� T cells by complex of the 110K viral protein and the T4 molecule. Science 1986; 231:382–385. 69. Reimann KA, Burkly LC, Burrus B, Waite BCD, Lord CI, Letvin NL. (1993) In vivo administration to rhesus monkeys of a CD-4 specific monoclonal antibody capable of blocking AIDS virus replication. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1993; 9:199–207. 70. Reimann KA, Lin WU, Bixler S, et al. A humanized form of a CD4-specific monoclonal antibody exhibits decreased antigenicity and prolonged plasma half-life in rhesus monkeys while retaining its unique biological and antiviral properties. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1997; 13:933–943. 71. Burkly L, Mulrey L, Blumenthal R, Dimitrov DS. Synergistic inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycoprotein-mediated cell fusion and infection by an antibody to CD4 domain 2 in combination with anti-gp120 antibodies. J Virol 1995; 69: 4267–4273. 72. Chang YW, Sawyer LSW, Murthy KK, et al. Postexposure immunoprophylaxis of primary isolates by an antibody to HIV receptor complex. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1999; 96:10367–10372. 73. Olson W, Nagashima K, Tran D, et al. HIV-1 and chemokine-inhibitory activities of anti- CCR5 antibodies map to distinct CCR5 epitopes [Abstract]. In: Programs and Abstracts, 6th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections 1999; Chicago. 74. Murayama T, Cai Q, Rinaldo CR. Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity mediated by CD16 � lymphocytes from HIV-seropositive homosexual men. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 1990; 55:297–304. 75. Ahmad A, Morriset R, Thomas R, Menezes J. Evidence for a defect of antibodydependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) effector function and anti-HIV gp120/gp41specific ADCC mediating antibody titers in HIV-infected individuals. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1994; 7:428–437.

216 Jacobson<br />

59. Yoshiyama H, Mo H, Moore JP, Ho DD. Characterization of mutants of human immunodeficiency<br />

virus type 1 that have escaped neutralization by a monoclonal antibody to the<br />

gp120 V2 loop. J Virol 1994; 68:974–978.<br />

60. Shotton C, Arnold C, Sattentau Q, Sodroski J, McKeating JA. Identification and characterization<br />

of monoclonal antibodies specific <strong>for</strong> polymorphic antigenic determinants within<br />

the V2 region of the human immunodeficiency virus type I. J Virol 1995; 69:222–230.<br />

61. Daar ES, Li XL, Mougdil T, Ho DD. High concentrations of recombinant soluble CD4<br />

are required to neutralize primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates. Proc<br />

Natl Acad Sci USA 1990; 87:6574–6578.<br />

62. Daar ES, Ho DD. Relative resistance of primary HIV-1 isolates to neutralization by soluble<br />

CD4. Am J Med 1991; 90(Suppl 4A):22S–26S.<br />

63. Schacker T, Coombs RW, Collier AC, et al. The effects of high-dose recombinant soluble<br />

CD4 on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 viremia. J Infect Dis 1994; 169:37–40.<br />

64. Hodges TL, Kahn JO, Kaplan LD, et al. Phase I study of recombinant human CD4immunoglobulin<br />

G therapy of patients with AIDS and AIDS-related complex. Antimicrob<br />

Agents Chemother 1991; 35:2580–2586.<br />

65. Gauduin MC, Allaway GP, Maddon PJ, Barbas CF, Burton DR, Koup RA. Evaluation of<br />

the protective role of two recombinant immunoglobulin molecules in passive protection<br />

against primary isolates of HIV-1. Keystone Symposium: Immunopathogenesis of HIV<br />

Infection 1996; Hilton Head Island, South Carolina.<br />

66. Dalgleish AG, Beverley PCL, Clapham PR, Craw<strong>for</strong>d DH, Greaves MF, Weiss RA. The<br />

CD4 (T4) antigen is an essential component of the receptor <strong>for</strong> the AIDS retrovirus.<br />

Nature 1984; 312:763–767.<br />

67. Klatzman D, Champagne E, Chamaret S, et al. T-lymphocytes T4 molecule behaves as the<br />

receptor <strong>for</strong> human retrovirus LAV. Nature 1984; 312:767–768.<br />

68. McDougal JS, Kennedy MS, Sligh JM, Cort SP, Mawle A, Nicholson JKA. (1986) Binding<br />

of HTL-III/LAV to T4� T cells by complex of the 110K viral protein and the T4 molecule.<br />

Science 1986; 231:382–385.<br />

69. Reimann KA, Burkly LC, Burrus B, Waite BCD, Lord CI, Letvin NL. (1993) In vivo<br />

administration to rhesus monkeys of a CD-4 specific monoclonal antibody capable of<br />

blocking AIDS virus replication. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1993; 9:199–207.<br />

70. Reimann KA, Lin WU, Bixler S, et al. A humanized <strong>for</strong>m of a CD4-specific monoclonal<br />

antibody exhibits decreased antigenicity and prolonged plasma half-life in rhesus monkeys<br />

while retaining its unique biological and antiviral properties. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses<br />

1997; 13:933–943.<br />

71. Burkly L, Mulrey L, Blumenthal R, Dimitrov DS. Synergistic inhibition of human immunodeficiency<br />

virus type 1 envelope glycoprotein-mediated cell fusion and infection by an<br />

antibody to CD4 domain 2 in combination with anti-gp120 antibodies. J Virol 1995; 69:<br />

4267–4273.<br />

72. Chang YW, Sawyer LSW, Murthy KK, et al. Postexposure immunoprophylaxis of primary<br />

isolates by an antibody to HIV receptor complex. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1999;<br />

96:10367–10372.<br />

73. Olson W, Nagashima K, Tran D, et al. HIV-1 and chemokine-inhibitory activities of anti-<br />

CCR5 antibodies map to distinct CCR5 epitopes [Abstract]. In: Programs and Abstracts,<br />

6th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections 1999; Chicago.<br />

74. Murayama T, Cai Q, Rinaldo CR. Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity mediated by<br />

CD16 � lymphocytes from HIV-seropositive homosexual men. Clin Immunol Immunopathol<br />

1990; 55:297–304.<br />

75. Ahmad A, Morriset R, Thomas R, Menezes J. Evidence <strong>for</strong> a defect of antibodydependent<br />

cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) effector function and anti-HIV gp120/gp41specific<br />

ADCC mediating antibody titers in HIV-infected individuals. J Acquir Immune<br />

Defic Syndr 1994; 7:428–437.

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