Immunotherapy for Infectious Diseases

120 Matthews
Table 1
Source and Activity of Interleukins and Cytokines with a Major Role in Infection
Cytokine Source Activity
IL-1�, IL-1� Macrophages, B-cells Stimulates macrophages (increases
production of IL-6, TNF-�); enhances
PMN adhesion; activates lymphocyte
increases IL-2); induces acute-phase
protein production; enhances production
of platelet-activating factor and nitric
oxide
IL-2 T-cells Promotes growth and differentiation of
T-cells; enhances cytotoxicity of T-cells
and NK cells
IL-3 T-cells, stem cells Multilineage colony-stimulating factor (stem
cells, erythroid, and myeloid)
IL-4 T-cells, B-cells, monocytes, Suppresses production of IL-1, TNF, and
mast cells, endothelial IFN-� (Th1); upregulates IL-1ra
cells production; enhances Th2; promotes Band
cytotoxic T-cells; increases IgG1 and
IgE production; enhances MHC class II
and IgE receptor function
IL-5 T-lymphocytes Promotes proliferation and differentiation of
B-cells and eosinophils; increases IgA
production
IL-6 T- and B-cells, NK cells, Activates T- and NK cells; induces
monocytes, macrophages, immunoglobulin synthesis by B-cells;
fibroblasts induces acute-phase protein synthesis by
liver
IL-7 Stromal cells of bone Induces proliferation of T- and B-cells
marrow
IL-8 Most cells including Causes leukocyte chemotaxis, enhances
leukocyte and myeloid neutrophil adherence and degranulation
precursors, endothelial
cells, fibroblasts
IL-9 T-cells Prolongs T-cell survival; activates mast cells
IL-10 T-cells Inhibits cytokine production by Th1 (TNF-�
and IL-1); upregulates IL-1ra production
IL-11 Stromal cells of bone Inhibits proinflammatory cytokine
marrow production; stimulates osteoclasts and
CSF
IL-12 Macrophages, dendritic Induces production of TH1 cells; enhances
cells, B-cells, mast cells IFN-� production; induces proliferation
of NK cells
IL-13 T-cells Induces proliferation and differentiation of
B-cells; enhances IgE and IgG4
production; inhibits production of
proinflammatory cytokines
IL-14 T-cells Induces proliferation of activated B-cells;
inhibits secretion of immunoglobulin