IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-business: WebSEAL Administration ...

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Cryptographic hardware for encryption and key storage WebSEAL, using GSKit for SSL communication and key management, provides interface support for cryptographic hardware. Cryptographic hardware can provide one or both of the following features: v Accelerated and secure SSL encryption and decryption tasks for performance improvements during multiple online transactions v Accelerated and secure digital certificate key storage and management for highly secure architecture during online transactions WebSEAL and GSKit support the following interfaces to this cryptographic hardware: v BHAPI (RSA Security, Inc.’s API supporting its BSAFE product) v PKCS#11 (Public Key Cryptographic Standard) Some cryptographic hardware supports both interfaces; some cryptographic hardware supports only one of the interfaces. In general, WebSEAL (and GSKit) uses the BHAPI interface to support encryption and decryption. WebSEAL (and GSKit) uses PKCS#11 to support both encryption/decryption and key storage. WebSEAL supports several hardware devices for selected platforms. Consult the IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-business Release Notes to obtain the latest information on platform support for these hardware cards. Cryptographic accelerator cards v nCipher nForce 300 v Rainbow CryptoSwift eCommerce Accelerator v IBM 4960 Key Storage v nCipher nForce 300 v IBM 4758 v Eracom Orange The following matrix illustrates the relationship between functionality and interface support for each of these cards: BHAPI PKCS#11 SSL Acceleration v Rainbow CryptoSwift v nCipher nForce 300 v IBM 4960 v nCipher nForce 300 Key Storage v IBM 4758 v nCipher nForce 300 v Eracom Orange The Rainbow CryptoSwift and nCipher nForce 300 (using BHAPI) are used for public key operations (RSA key decryption). Keys are not stored on the accelerator device, but are stored in the pdsrv.kdb file. Accelerator devices are used to speed up the public key cryptographic functions of SSL. Hardware acceleration frees up the server processor, increases server throughput, and shortens wait time. The 32 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-business: WebSEAL Administration Guide
Rainbow CryptoSwift and nCipher nForce accelerators incorporate faster performance by providing more concurrent secure transactions. With the PKCS#11 interface, RSA keys are stored on a cryptocard to ensure authentication. The IBM 4758 and Eracom Orange perform only as key storage devices. The nCipher nForce device can either perform just acceleration or it can perform both acceleration and key storage with PKCS#11 support. The IBM 4758, Eracom Orange, and nCipher nForce devices (with PKCS#11 support) ensure that keys are completely inaccessible to the outside world. Keys are never revealed in an unencrypted form because they are stored on the hardware, providing enhanced key protection and authentication. Hardware cryptographic acceleration and key storage apply to the following WebSEAL connections: v Browser to WebSEAL v WebSEAL to back-end junctioned server Conditions and prerequisites IBM 4758–023 On Windows 2000, the IBM 4758–023 cryptographic card has an access limitation of 32 worker threads. Therefore, WebSEAL must be configured to use no more than 32 worker threads. The recommendation is 30 worker threads. The default setting for worker threads at WebSEAL installation time is 50 worker threads. Refer to “Managing worker thread allocation” on page 41 for information about worker thread configuration. Additional monitoring threads are used for any junctions configured with the –K option (WebSEAL authenticates with a client-side certificate) where the key (certificate) is stored on the IBM 4758 hardware. In this situation, further reduce the number of worker threads by one for each SSL –K junction using keys stored on the IBM 4758 card. Configuring Cipher engine and FIPS mode processing You can use the WebSEAL configuration file to specify the Cipher engine used by GSKit. [ssl] base-crypto-library = Default Valid values for this entry are: v Default This value tells GSKit to select the optimal cryptographic base to use. For WebSEAL Version 5.1, this is ICC v ICC v RSA Specify RSA when using a BHAPI (Bsafe Hardware API) CryptoCard such as Rainbow CryptoSwift. The BHAPI interface is not supported by ICC. When the WebSEAL deployment environment includes previous version (before Version 5.1) WebSEAL servers, consider using this setting because RSA was used by previous versions of GSKit for cryptographic operations. Note: PKCS#11 is available in all modes, except when FIPS is enabled. Chapter 2. WebSEAL server configuration 33
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IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-bus
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Note Before using this information
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Silent configuration overview . . .
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Event capturing and logging . . . .
Page 10 and 11: Token authentication concepts . . .
Page 12 and 13: Configuring WebSEAL key database pa
Page 14 and 15: Preserving cookie names . . . . . .
Page 16 and 17: Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Page 20 and 21: This chapter introduces you to impo
Page 22 and 23: Web security information v IBM Tivo
Page 24 and 25: v Secure Sockets Layer Introduction
Page 26 and 27: The following documents associated
Page 28 and 29: Monospace Code examples, command li
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Page 32 and 33: The access control list (ACL) An ac
Page 34 and 35: Note: Traditional applications bund
Page 36 and 37: v Authenticated clients access usin
Page 38 and 39: v A user makes a request for a reso
Page 40 and 41: A unified Web space simplifies the
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Page 44 and 45: Server instance configuration This
Page 46 and 47: Table 1. WebSEAL instances sharing
Page 48 and 49: - When the Web document root is not
Page 50 and 51: -ssl_yn ssl_enable_yes_no -key_file
Page 52 and 53: Server instance configuration tasks
Page 54 and 55: Removing a server instance To remov
Page 56 and 57: Communication protocol configuratio
Page 58 and 59: Restricting connections from specif
Page 62 and 63: You can specify whether to enable F
Page 64 and 65: 3. In the Open dialog window, selec
Page 66 and 67: Quality of protection levels You ca
Page 68 and 69: Configuring authorization database
Page 70 and 71: 3. Change the settings for the data
Page 72 and 73: Multi-locale support with UTF-8 Thi
Page 74 and 75: WebSEAL generates logging and audit
Page 76 and 77: Configuring multi-locale support Co
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Page 82 and 83: Language System Directory English (
Page 84 and 85: Preventing vulnerability caused by
Page 86 and 87: Replicated front-end WebSEAL server
Page 88 and 89: The session cookie links to session
Page 90 and 91: Table 4. P3P default header values
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Page 94 and 95: For each value specified for purpos
Page 96 and 97: example, when your compact policy s
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Page 100 and 101: Server tasks Start a WebSEAL server
Page 102 and 103: Managing the Web space The followin
Page 104 and 105: You can configure the specific grap
Page 106 and 107: Parameter Description cache-type Sp
Page 108 and 109: HTTP data compression WebSEAL serve
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Compression policy in POPs You can
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HTTP error message pages When WebSE
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Filename Title Description HTTP Err
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Managing custom account management
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Macro Description %CERTAUTHN% Subst
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Backup and restore Tivoli Access Ma
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Problem determination tools for Web
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Logging WebSEAL serviceability mess
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Event capturing and logging You can
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In this example, none of the option
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Authentication event log output Aut
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Table 18. Authentication errors (co
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Log Files Location Parameter Enable
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Displaying referer.log The referer.
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WebSEAL-specific ACL policies The f
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Configuring three strikes login pol
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Configuring password strength polic
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Specific user and global settings T
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v token authentication v certificat
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The entry level = unauthenticated m
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Table 20. Example integer values fo
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pdadmin> pop modify test set ipauth
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Quality of protection POP policy Th
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128 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e
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Overview of the authentication proc
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Managing session state A secure con
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This value corresponds to the numbe
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eauthenticating the user. WebSEAL u
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v Because the cookies are available
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Authentication configuration overvi
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Configuring multiple authentication
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3. When the client makes an additio
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You can configure the username and
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Configuration conditions If forms a
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If the security policy does require
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Setting Description accept-client-c
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Thus, the default value for cert-ca
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HTTP header authentication Tivoli A
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See also: v “Authentication metho
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Token authentication Tivoli Access
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2. WebSEAL returns an authenticatio
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4. Restart the WebSEAL server. See
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Failover authentication This sectio
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authenticates using forms authentic
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Administrators can configure WebSEA
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cookie. By using the cookie, the We
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Specify the protocol for failover c
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Backwards compatibility WebSEAL ser
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[failover-add-attributes] attribute
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v When this value is no, and the se
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SPNEGO protocol and Kerberos authen
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v The client cannot use an SSL sess
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Switch user authentication The WebS
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9. The administrator ends the switc
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supported mechanism, an additional
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The authentication method parameter
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The default file name is switchuser
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xauthn_username xauthn_qop xauthn_i
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Server-side request caching This se
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v “Modifying request-body-max-rea
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Configuring reauthentication based
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Extending the session cache entry l
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Configuring reauthentication based
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Extending the session cache entry l
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Automatic redirection during user l
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Configuring post password change pr
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WebSEAL provides an external authen
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credattrs_email joeuser@bigco.com c
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Credential refresh This section con
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The default lifetime of data in the
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Credential refresh configuration To
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efresh can succeed. Likewise, when
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Managing client-side and server-sid
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At installation, WebSEAL uses the s
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Setting the maximum number of cache
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Windows desktop single sign-on This
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v Failover authentication The failo
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Each WebSEAL instance must have a s
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highly secure password, such as a r
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Note: The location of the kinit uti
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v When a problem occurs, consider e
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The link contains a special CDSSO m
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2. Edit /etc/nsswitch.conf so the h
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[authentication-mechanisms] sso-cre
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http://websealB/resource.html?PD-ID
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Each entry in the WebSEAL is assign
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e-community single sign-on E-commun
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A user who fails authentication wit
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4. After successful login, the MAS
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v The domain-specific cookie contai
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owser is Microsoft Internet Explore
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1. Enabling and disabling e-communi
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[e-community-domain-keys] dA.com =
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For example: [e-community-sso] vf-u
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[server] pre-510-compatible-tokens
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[ecsso-incoming-attributes] my_spec
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WebSEAL junctions overview You can
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Managing junctions with Web Portal
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Configuring a basic WebSEAL junctio
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Mutually authenticated SSL junction
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v It is highly recommended that you
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WebSEAL-to-WebSEAL junctions over S
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v “Processing URLs in requests”
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Modifying absolute URLs with script
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To solve this problem: 1. Always wr
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You must create the jmt.conf mappin
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Part 2: -j junctions modify Set-Coo
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Supplying client identity in HTTP h
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[junction] max-webseal-header-size
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ack-end server UUID to each front-e
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v Back-end server 2 is called APP2
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lcp_uri URI encoded local code page
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v Do not mark any certificate in th
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1. Copy query_contents.sh into a fu
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Typical output looks like: 100 inde
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Configuring BA headers for single s
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Forwarding original client BA heade
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Using global sign-on (GSO) Tivoli A
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Configuring a GSO-enabled WebSEAL j
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Configuring single sign-on to IBM W
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Configuring single sign-on forms au
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WebSEAL parses the HTML page to ide
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[loginpage1] login-page = /cgi-bin/
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It is not necessary to specify hidd
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Supporting CGI programming To suppo
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Supporting back-end server-side app
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v Short name of the server v IP add
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pdadmin> objectspace create /Resour
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A single user that logs in multiple
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346 IBM automatically with no user
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Note: If you use Web Portal Manager
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Object Space Entry URL Template /ow
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The following sample dynurl.conf fi
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The security policy To provide suit
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Overview of ADI retrieval The Tivol
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The resource-manager-provided-adi p
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Retrieving ADI from the user creden
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Dynamic ADI retrieval Rules can be
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Basic configuration Basic configura
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trace_verbose_get_entitlement If se
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Erandt_Securtities_Entitlements e
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http://ese.erant.com/attributes 1 U
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376 IBM v v /opt/pdwebars/protocol_
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Windows C:\Program Files\Tivoli\PDW
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including tracking CGI types, compi
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Stanza organization The remainder o
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Server configuration v [server] v [
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HTTP/1.1 connection timeout, in sec
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Location of the file that contains
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Enable or disable support for UTF-8
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Specifies how WebSEAL responds to r
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Host name of the LDAP server. The W
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cache-group-expire-time = number_of
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String that specifies the key label
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Active Directory [uraf-ad] stanza a
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ind-pwd = admin_password Encoded ad
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LDAP port number for the Lotus Domi
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Secure Socket Layer [ssl] stanza we
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Disables support for SSL Version 2.
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Port number for communication with
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Indicates whether automatic refresh
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Authentication methods [ba] stanza
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Specifies how to handle certificate
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Step-up authentication levels. WebS
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Fully qualified path for a library
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failover-certificate = fully_qualif
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Authentication failover v [failover
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List of attributes from the origina
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Cross-domain single sign-on v [cdss
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attribute_pattern = {preserve|refre
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Integer value specifying the port n
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File names for keys for any domains
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List of string values to specify th
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Integer value for lifetime, in seco
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Content This section contains the f
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Specifies how standard WebSEAL HTML
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Page containing a change password f
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Automatic redirect v [acnt-mgt] v [
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List containing system environment
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Relative path name to a graphics fi
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Content compression v [compress-mim
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Content encodings [content-encoding
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Junction management [junction] stan
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Positive integer value indicating t
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Document filtering [filter-url] sta
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Scheme filtering [filter-schemes] s
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Script filtering v [script-filterin
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Credential refresh [credential-refr
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Integer value that specifies the ti
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Integer value that specifies the ti
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Enables or disables the requests lo
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Auditing [aznapi-configuration] sta
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Specifies event logging for the spe
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The maximum size of the in-memory p
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Policy server v [policy-director] v
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Specifies the type of access the us
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v state Mechanisms for maintaining
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Specifies the purpose of the inform
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Specifies the recipients of the inf
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For example, if the configured name
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-p port TCP port of the back-end th
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IBM may use or distribute any of th
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asic authentication configuring 145
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F failover authentication configura
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key management (continued) managing
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eauthentication (continued) based o
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User Registry Adapter Framework (UR
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