IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-business: WebSEAL Administration ...

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Overview of ADI retrieval The Tivoli Access Manager authorization rules evaluator performs authorization decisions based on Boolean logic applied to specific access decision information (ADI). Detailed information on the construction of authorization rules (using Boolean logic) and authorization decision information (ADI) can be found in the IBM Tivoli Access Manager Base Administration Guide. ADI required for rules evaluation can be retrieved from the following sources: v Authorization decision parameters provided to the authorization rule as ADI by the authorization service Parameters include the target resource (protected object) and the requested action on the resource. Refer to the IBM Tivoli Access Manager Base Administration Guide for further information on this topic. v The user credential The user credential is always included with the function call to the authorization rules evaluator, so it is immediately available. v The resource manager environment (application context) A resource manager, such as WebSEAL, can be configured to provide ADI from its own environment. For example, WebSEAL has the capability to provide ADI contained in parts of the client request. A special prefix is used in the authorization rule to ″trigger″ this type of ADI source. v An external source through the Tivoli Access Manager attribute retrieval service ADI can be obtained externally through the attribute retrieval service. A call is made to the attribute retrieval service through the resource manager’s entitlement service. ADI from the external source is returned in XML format to the authorization rules evaluator. 358 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-business: WebSEAL Administration Guide
Retrieving ADI from the WebSEAL client request In a WebSEAL environment, authorization rules can be written to require authorization decision information (ADI) contained in the client HTTP/HTTPS request. ADI can be contained in the request header, the request query string, and the request POST body. Authorization decision information is referred to by an XML container name in authorization rules. A special WebSEAL-specific prefix in the container name is used to alert the authorization rules evaluation process that WebSEAL can interpret this parameter correctly and return a value. Prefixes can be specific to any resource manager. Accordingly, the resource manager must be designed to respond appropriately to a request for ADI. The following container names contain prefixes that are appropriate for WebSEAL: v AMWS_hd_name Request header container name. The value of the HTTP header called name in the HTTP request is returned to the authorization rules evaluator as ADI. v AMWS_qs_name Request query string container name. The value of name in the request query string is returned to the authorization rules evaluator as ADI. v AMWS_pb_name Request POST body container name. The value of name in the request POST body is returned to the authorization rules evaluator as ADI. The following process flow helps illustrate how prefixes enable the extraction of ADI from client requests: 1. An authorization rule is written that requires ADI from the client request (for example, a specific HTTP header in the request). In this example, the AMWS_hd_ prefix is used in the container name specified in the rule. The prefix must be specified by the resource-manager-provided-adi parameter in the [aznapi-configuration] stanza of the WebSEAL configuration file. The authorization service incorporates this configuration information during its initialization. This WebSEAL-specific prefix alerts the authorization evaluation process that the required ADI is available in the client request and that WebSEAL knows how to find, extract, and return this ADI. 2. The authorization rules evaluation process tries to evaluate, for example, the AMWS_hd_host container name in a rule. The AMWS_hd_ prefix alerts the authorization evaluation process that WebSEAL can interpret this container name correctly and return a value. 3. The AMWS_hd_host container name is sent to WebSEAL. WebSEAL is designed to recognize and interpret the AMWS_hd_ prefix. 4. WebSEAL responds to the AMWS_hd_host container name by looking for the ″host″ header in the client request and extracting the value associated with that header. 5. WebSEAL returns the ″host″ header value (as an XML container) to the authorization rules evaluation process. 6. The authorization rules evaluation process uses the value as ADI in its evaluation of the rule. Chapter 13. Authorization decision information retrieval 359
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IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-bus
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Note Before using this information
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Silent configuration overview . . .
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Event capturing and logging . . . .
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Token authentication concepts . . .
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Configuring WebSEAL key database pa
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Preserving cookie names . . . . . .
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Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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xvi IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e
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This chapter introduces you to impo
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Web security information v IBM Tivo
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v Secure Sockets Layer Introduction
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The following documents associated
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Monospace Code examples, command li
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IBM Tivoli Access Manager WebSEAL:
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The access control list (ACL) An ac
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Note: Traditional applications bund
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v Authenticated clients access usin
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v A user makes a request for a reso
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A unified Web space simplifies the
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14 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-
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Server instance configuration This
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Table 1. WebSEAL instances sharing
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- When the Web document root is not
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-ssl_yn ssl_enable_yes_no -key_file
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Server instance configuration tasks
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Removing a server instance To remov
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Communication protocol configuratio
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Restricting connections from specif
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Cryptographic hardware for encrypti
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You can specify whether to enable F
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3. In the Open dialog window, selec
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Quality of protection levels You ca
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Configuring authorization database
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3. Change the settings for the data
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Multi-locale support with UTF-8 Thi
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WebSEAL generates logging and audit
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Configuring multi-locale support Co
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WebSEAL does not recognize UTF-8 en
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ackwards compatibility, the format
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Language System Directory English (
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Preventing vulnerability caused by
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Replicated front-end WebSEAL server
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The session cookie links to session
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Table 4. P3P default header values
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Table 6. Supported values for the c
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For each value specified for purpos
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example, when your compact policy s
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70 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-
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Server tasks Start a WebSEAL server
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Managing the Web space The followin
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You can configure the specific grap
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Parameter Description cache-type Sp
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HTTP data compression WebSEAL serve
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Compression policy in POPs You can
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HTTP error message pages When WebSE
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Filename Title Description HTTP Err
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Managing custom account management
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Macro Description %CERTAUTHN% Subst
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Backup and restore Tivoli Access Ma
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Problem determination tools for Web
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Logging WebSEAL serviceability mess
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Event capturing and logging You can
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In this example, none of the option
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Authentication event log output Aut
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Table 18. Authentication errors (co
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Log Files Location Parameter Enable
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Displaying referer.log The referer.
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WebSEAL-specific ACL policies The f
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Configuring three strikes login pol
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Configuring password strength polic
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Specific user and global settings T
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v token authentication v certificat
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The entry level = unauthenticated m
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Table 20. Example integer values fo
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pdadmin> pop modify test set ipauth
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Quality of protection POP policy Th
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Overview of the authentication proc
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Managing session state A secure con
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This value corresponds to the numbe
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eauthenticating the user. WebSEAL u
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v Because the cookies are available
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Authentication configuration overvi
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Configuring multiple authentication
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3. When the client makes an additio
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You can configure the username and
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Configuration conditions If forms a
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If the security policy does require
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Setting Description accept-client-c
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Thus, the default value for cert-ca
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HTTP header authentication Tivoli A
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See also: v “Authentication metho
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Token authentication Tivoli Access
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2. WebSEAL returns an authenticatio
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4. Restart the WebSEAL server. See
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Failover authentication This sectio
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authenticates using forms authentic
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Administrators can configure WebSEA
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cookie. By using the cookie, the We
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Specify the protocol for failover c
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Backwards compatibility WebSEAL ser
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[failover-add-attributes] attribute
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v When this value is no, and the se
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SPNEGO protocol and Kerberos authen
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v The client cannot use an SSL sess
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Switch user authentication The WebS
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9. The administrator ends the switc
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supported mechanism, an additional
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The authentication method parameter
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The default file name is switchuser
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xauthn_username xauthn_qop xauthn_i
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Server-side request caching This se
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v “Modifying request-body-max-rea
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Configuring reauthentication based
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Extending the session cache entry l
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Configuring reauthentication based
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Extending the session cache entry l
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Automatic redirection during user l
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Configuring post password change pr
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WebSEAL provides an external authen
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credattrs_email joeuser@bigco.com c
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Credential refresh This section con
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The default lifetime of data in the
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Credential refresh configuration To
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efresh can succeed. Likewise, when
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Managing client-side and server-sid
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At installation, WebSEAL uses the s
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Setting the maximum number of cache
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Windows desktop single sign-on This
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v Failover authentication The failo
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Each WebSEAL instance must have a s
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highly secure password, such as a r
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Note: The location of the kinit uti
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v When a problem occurs, consider e
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The link contains a special CDSSO m
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2. Edit /etc/nsswitch.conf so the h
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[authentication-mechanisms] sso-cre
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http://websealB/resource.html?PD-ID
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Each entry in the WebSEAL is assign
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e-community single sign-on E-commun
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A user who fails authentication wit
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4. After successful login, the MAS
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v The domain-specific cookie contai
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owser is Microsoft Internet Explore
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1. Enabling and disabling e-communi
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[e-community-domain-keys] dA.com =
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For example: [e-community-sso] vf-u
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[server] pre-510-compatible-tokens
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[ecsso-incoming-attributes] my_spec
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WebSEAL junctions overview You can
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Managing junctions with Web Portal
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Configuring a basic WebSEAL junctio
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Mutually authenticated SSL junction
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v It is highly recommended that you
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WebSEAL-to-WebSEAL junctions over S
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v “Processing URLs in requests”
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Modifying absolute URLs with script
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To solve this problem: 1. Always wr
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Part 2: -j junctions modify Set-Coo
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Supplying client identity in HTTP h
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[junction] max-webseal-header-size
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ack-end server UUID to each front-e
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v Back-end server 2 is called APP2
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lcp_uri URI encoded local code page
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Disables support for SSL Version 2.
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Port number for communication with
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Indicates whether automatic refresh
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Specifies how to handle certificate
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Step-up authentication levels. WebS
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failover-certificate = fully_qualif
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Authentication failover v [failover
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List of attributes from the origina
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Cross-domain single sign-on v [cdss
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attribute_pattern = {preserve|refre
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Integer value specifying the port n
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List of string values to specify th
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Integer value for lifetime, in seco
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Content This section contains the f
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Specifies how standard WebSEAL HTML
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List containing system environment
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Relative path name to a graphics fi
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Content compression v [compress-mim
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Content encodings [content-encoding
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Junction management [junction] stan
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Positive integer value indicating t
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Document filtering [filter-url] sta
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Scheme filtering [filter-schemes] s
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Script filtering v [script-filterin
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Credential refresh [credential-refr
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Integer value that specifies the ti
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Integer value that specifies the ti
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Enables or disables the requests lo
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Auditing [aznapi-configuration] sta
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Specifies event logging for the spe
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Policy server v [policy-director] v
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Specifies the type of access the us
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v state Mechanisms for maintaining
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Specifies the purpose of the inform
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For example, if the configured name
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-p port TCP port of the back-end th
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IBM may use or distribute any of th
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asic authentication configuring 145
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F failover authentication configura
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key management (continued) managing
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eauthentication (continued) based o
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User Registry Adapter Framework (UR
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