IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-business: WebSEAL Administration ...

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The security policy To provide suitable security to Web resources, while retaining an easy-to-use system, the business has established the following security goals: v Travel agent staff have complete control over all bookings. v Authenticated customers can make and change their own bookings, but cannot interfere with the travel data of other authenticated customers. v Administration staff have complete access to all of the administration information. v Travel Kingdom staff other than the Administration department can change their own resume information and view partial information of other members of staff. Dynamic URL to object space mappings To achieve the security goals described above, the mappings from dynamic URLs to ACL object entries need to be configured as shown in the following table. Remember that the ordering of these mappings is an important part of achieving the security goals discussed earlier. Object Space Entry URL Pattern /ows/tr/browse /ows/db-apps/owa/tr.browse\?dest=*&date=??/??/???? /ows/tr/auth /ows/db-apps/owa/tr.book\?dest=*&depart=??/??/????& return=??/??/???? /ows/tr/auth /ows/db-apps/owa/tr.change /ows/admin/forall /ows/db-apps/owa/admin.resume /ows/admin/forall /ows/db-apps/owa/admin.browse\?empid=[th]??? /ows/admin/auth /ows/db-apps/owa/admin.update\?empid=???? Secure clients Client authenticate to WebSEAL over a secure, encrypted channel. Customers who wish to use the Web interface must additionally register with the Travel Kingdom Webmaster to receive an account. Account and group structure Four groups are created on the system: Staff Members of the Travel Kingdom organization. TKStaff Travel Kingdom travel agents. AdminStaff Members of the Travel Kingdom Administration Department. Note that Administration staff members are also in the Staff group. Customer Customers of Travel Kingdom who want to make their travel bookings across the Internet. Each user is given an account in the secure domain to be individually identified by the WebSEAL server. The user’s identity is also passed to the Oracle Web Servers to provide a single sign-on solution to all of the Web resources. Access control The following table lists the access controls resulting from application of the preceding information: 354 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-business: WebSEAL Administration Guide
ows/tr/browse unauthenticated Tr any_authenticated Tr /ows/tr/auth unauthenticated - any_other - group TKStaff Tr group Customer PTr /ows/admin/forall unauthenticated - any_other - group Staff Tr /ows/admin/auth unauthenticated - any_other - group AdminStaff Tr Customers and TKStaff have the same privileges on the booking and travel plan maintenance objects, except that the customers must encrypt information (privacy permission) to give them further security when submitting sensitive data (such as credit card information) across the untrusted Internet. Conclusion This simple example illustrates the concepts of deploying a system capable of: v Securing sensitive information v Authenticating users v Authorizing access to sensitive information In addition, the identities of the authenticated users of the system are known to both the WebSEAL and Oracle Web Servers, and are used to provide an auditable, single sign-on solution. Chapter 12. Application integration 355
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IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-bus
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Note Before using this information
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Silent configuration overview . . .
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Event capturing and logging . . . .
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Token authentication concepts . . .
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Configuring WebSEAL key database pa
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Preserving cookie names . . . . . .
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Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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xvi IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e
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This chapter introduces you to impo
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Web security information v IBM Tivo
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v Secure Sockets Layer Introduction
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The following documents associated
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Monospace Code examples, command li
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IBM Tivoli Access Manager WebSEAL:
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The access control list (ACL) An ac
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Note: Traditional applications bund
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v Authenticated clients access usin
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v A user makes a request for a reso
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A unified Web space simplifies the
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14 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-
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Server instance configuration This
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Table 1. WebSEAL instances sharing
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- When the Web document root is not
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-ssl_yn ssl_enable_yes_no -key_file
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Server instance configuration tasks
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Removing a server instance To remov
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Communication protocol configuratio
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Restricting connections from specif
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Cryptographic hardware for encrypti
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You can specify whether to enable F
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3. In the Open dialog window, selec
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Quality of protection levels You ca
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Configuring authorization database
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3. Change the settings for the data
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Multi-locale support with UTF-8 Thi
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WebSEAL generates logging and audit
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Configuring multi-locale support Co
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WebSEAL does not recognize UTF-8 en
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ackwards compatibility, the format
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Language System Directory English (
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Preventing vulnerability caused by
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Replicated front-end WebSEAL server
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The session cookie links to session
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Table 4. P3P default header values
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Table 6. Supported values for the c
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For each value specified for purpos
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example, when your compact policy s
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70 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-
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Server tasks Start a WebSEAL server
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Managing the Web space The followin
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You can configure the specific grap
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Parameter Description cache-type Sp
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HTTP data compression WebSEAL serve
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Compression policy in POPs You can
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HTTP error message pages When WebSE
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Filename Title Description HTTP Err
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Managing custom account management
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Macro Description %CERTAUTHN% Subst
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Backup and restore Tivoli Access Ma
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Problem determination tools for Web
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Logging WebSEAL serviceability mess
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Event capturing and logging You can
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In this example, none of the option
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Authentication event log output Aut
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Table 18. Authentication errors (co
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Log Files Location Parameter Enable
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Displaying referer.log The referer.
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WebSEAL-specific ACL policies The f
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Configuring three strikes login pol
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Configuring password strength polic
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Specific user and global settings T
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v token authentication v certificat
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The entry level = unauthenticated m
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Table 20. Example integer values fo
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pdadmin> pop modify test set ipauth
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Quality of protection POP policy Th
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128 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e
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Overview of the authentication proc
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Managing session state A secure con
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This value corresponds to the numbe
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eauthenticating the user. WebSEAL u
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v Because the cookies are available
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Authentication configuration overvi
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Configuring multiple authentication
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3. When the client makes an additio
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You can configure the username and
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Configuration conditions If forms a
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If the security policy does require
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Setting Description accept-client-c
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Thus, the default value for cert-ca
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HTTP header authentication Tivoli A
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See also: v “Authentication metho
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Token authentication Tivoli Access
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2. WebSEAL returns an authenticatio
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4. Restart the WebSEAL server. See
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Failover authentication This sectio
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authenticates using forms authentic
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Administrators can configure WebSEA
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cookie. By using the cookie, the We
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Specify the protocol for failover c
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Backwards compatibility WebSEAL ser
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[failover-add-attributes] attribute
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v When this value is no, and the se
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SPNEGO protocol and Kerberos authen
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v The client cannot use an SSL sess
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Switch user authentication The WebS
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9. The administrator ends the switc
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supported mechanism, an additional
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The authentication method parameter
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The default file name is switchuser
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xauthn_username xauthn_qop xauthn_i
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Server-side request caching This se
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v “Modifying request-body-max-rea
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Configuring reauthentication based
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Extending the session cache entry l
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Configuring reauthentication based
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Extending the session cache entry l
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Automatic redirection during user l
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Configuring post password change pr
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WebSEAL provides an external authen
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credattrs_email joeuser@bigco.com c
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Credential refresh This section con
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The default lifetime of data in the
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Credential refresh configuration To
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efresh can succeed. Likewise, when
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Managing client-side and server-sid
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At installation, WebSEAL uses the s
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Setting the maximum number of cache
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Windows desktop single sign-on This
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v Failover authentication The failo
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Each WebSEAL instance must have a s
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highly secure password, such as a r
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Note: The location of the kinit uti
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v When a problem occurs, consider e
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The link contains a special CDSSO m
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2. Edit /etc/nsswitch.conf so the h
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[authentication-mechanisms] sso-cre
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http://websealB/resource.html?PD-ID
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Each entry in the WebSEAL is assign
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e-community single sign-on E-commun
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A user who fails authentication wit
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4. After successful login, the MAS
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v The domain-specific cookie contai
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owser is Microsoft Internet Explore
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1. Enabling and disabling e-communi
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[e-community-domain-keys] dA.com =
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For example: [e-community-sso] vf-u
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[server] pre-510-compatible-tokens
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[ecsso-incoming-attributes] my_spec
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WebSEAL junctions overview You can
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Managing junctions with Web Portal
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Configuring a basic WebSEAL junctio
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Mutually authenticated SSL junction
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v It is highly recommended that you
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WebSEAL-to-WebSEAL junctions over S
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v “Processing URLs in requests”
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Modifying absolute URLs with script
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To solve this problem: 1. Always wr
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You must create the jmt.conf mappin
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Part 2: -j junctions modify Set-Coo
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Supplying client identity in HTTP h
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[junction] max-webseal-header-size
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ack-end server UUID to each front-e
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Page 340 and 341: Typical output looks like: 100 inde
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Page 344 and 345: Configuring BA headers for single s
Page 346 and 347: Forwarding original client BA heade
Page 348 and 349: Using global sign-on (GSO) Tivoli A
Page 350 and 351: Configuring a GSO-enabled WebSEAL j
Page 352 and 353: Configuring single sign-on to IBM W
Page 354 and 355: Configuring single sign-on forms au
Page 356 and 357: WebSEAL parses the HTML page to ide
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Page 364 and 365: Supporting CGI programming To suppo
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Page 368 and 369: v Short name of the server v IP add
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Page 386 and 387: Overview of ADI retrieval The Tivol
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Page 390 and 391: Retrieving ADI from the user creden
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Page 396 and 397: Basic configuration Basic configura
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Page 412 and 413: Server configuration v [server] v [
Page 414 and 415: HTTP/1.1 connection timeout, in sec
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Page 420 and 421: Specifies how WebSEAL responds to r
Page 422 and 423: Host name of the LDAP server. The W
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LDAP port number for the Lotus Domi
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Secure Socket Layer [ssl] stanza we
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Disables support for SSL Version 2.
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Port number for communication with
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Indicates whether automatic refresh
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Authentication methods [ba] stanza
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Specifies how to handle certificate
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Step-up authentication levels. WebS
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Fully qualified path for a library
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failover-certificate = fully_qualif
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Authentication failover v [failover
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List of attributes from the origina
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Cross-domain single sign-on v [cdss
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attribute_pattern = {preserve|refre
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Integer value specifying the port n
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File names for keys for any domains
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List of string values to specify th
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Integer value for lifetime, in seco
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Content This section contains the f
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Specifies how standard WebSEAL HTML
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Page containing a change password f
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Automatic redirect v [acnt-mgt] v [
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List containing system environment
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Relative path name to a graphics fi
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Content compression v [compress-mim
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Content encodings [content-encoding
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Junction management [junction] stan
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Positive integer value indicating t
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Document filtering [filter-url] sta
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Scheme filtering [filter-schemes] s
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Script filtering v [script-filterin
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Credential refresh [credential-refr
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Integer value that specifies the ti
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Integer value that specifies the ti
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Enables or disables the requests lo
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Auditing [aznapi-configuration] sta
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Specifies event logging for the spe
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The maximum size of the in-memory p
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Policy server v [policy-director] v
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Specifies the type of access the us
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v state Mechanisms for maintaining
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Specifies the purpose of the inform
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Specifies the recipients of the inf
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For example, if the configured name
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-p port TCP port of the back-end th
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IBM may use or distribute any of th
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asic authentication configuring 145
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F failover authentication configura
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key management (continued) managing
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eauthentication (continued) based o
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User Registry Adapter Framework (UR
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