IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-business: WebSEAL Administration ...

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Part 2: -j junctions modify Set-Cookie Name attributes The –j option also supports cookies returned from servers across multiple junctions. Browser rule: Browsers always replace any stored cookie with a newly arrived cookie containing the same Name attribute (Set-Cookie), unless the Path or Domain attributes, or both are unique. Problem: The previous section describes how the –j junction option modifies the Path attribute of a Set-Cookie header to allow the browser to return cookies in an environment where WebSEAL is applying different filtering rules for visible and embedded URLs contained in the response page. In a scenario where multiple back-end servers are connected to WebSEAL across different junctions (such as in a WebSphere environment), it is possible for each server to send cookies (Set-Cookie) with the same Name attribute. If the junctions use the –j option, the Path attributes for each cookie become identical (Path=/). Because the same WebSEAL server is the point of contact for the browser, the Domain attribute likewise becomes identical. Although these identical cookies arrive from unique back-end applications, the browser overwrites the identically named cookies. Solution: The –j junction option provides an additional feature that uniquely renames any cookie returned with a response from a back-end application server. The Name attribute of a Set-cookie header is prepended with a special string. The string contains the name of the specific junction responsible for delivering the response (with cookie). AMWEBJCT_jct-name_ For example, if a cookie with the Name ″JSESSIONID″ arrives across a junction named /jctA, the cookie Name is changed to : AMWEBJCT_jctA_JSESSIONID Refer also to “Preserving cookie names” on page 296. Preserving cookie names By default, WebSEAL modifies the names of cookies (returned in responses from back-end applications) across junctions created with the –j option or listed in the junction mapping table. This functionality is described in the preceding section. In the scenario just described, WebSEAL creates unique cookie names to prevent possible naming conflicts with cookies returned across other –j junctions. However, if front-end browsers and applications depend on the specific cookie name generated by the application, you can disable this default cookie renaming functionality for specific cookies. The name parameter in the [preserve-cookie- names] stanza of the WebSEAL configuration file allows you to list the specific cookie names that are not to be renamed by WebSEAL: [preserve-cookie-names] name = cookie-name1 name = cookie-name2 296 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-business: WebSEAL Administration Guide
Additional junction options You can provide the following additional WebSEAL junction functionality with additional options: v “Forcing a new junction (–f)” on page 297 v “Supplying client identity in HTTP headers (–c)” on page 298 v “Supplying client IP addresses in HTTP headers (–r)” on page 299 v “Limiting the size of WebSEAL-generated HTTP headers” on page 299 v “Passing session cookies to junctioned portal servers (–k)” on page 300 v “Supporting case-insensitive URLs (–i)” on page 300 v “Stateful junction support (–s, –u)” on page 301 v “Specifying back-end server UUIDs for stateful junctions (–u)” on page 302 v “Junctioning to Windows file systems (–w)” on page 304 Forcing a new junction (–f) You must use the –f option when you want to force a new junction to overwrite an existing junction. The following example (server instance name = cruz) illustrates this procedure: 1. Login to pdadmin: # pdadmin pdadmin> login Enter User ID: sec_master Enter Password: pdadmin> 2. Use the server task list command to display all current junction points: pdadmin> server task web1-webseald-cruz list / 3. Use the server task show command to display details of the junction: pdadmin> server task web1-webseald-cruz show / Junction point: / Type: Local Junction hard limit: 0 - using global value Junction soft limit: 0 - using global value Active worker threads: 0 Root Directory: /opt/pdweb/www/docs 4. Create a new local junction to replace the current junction point (the -f option is required to force a new junction that overwrites an existing junction): pdadmin> server task web1-webseald-cruz create -t local -f -d /tmp/docs / Created junction at / 5. List the new junction point: pdadmin> server task webseald-cruz list / 6. Display the details of this junction: pdadmin> server task webseald-cruz show / Junction point: / Type: Local Junction hard limit: 0 - using global value Junction soft limit: 0 - using global value Active worker threads: 0 Root Directory: /tmp/docs Chapter 10. WebSEAL junctions 297
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IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-bus
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Note Before using this information
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Silent configuration overview . . .
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Event capturing and logging . . . .
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Token authentication concepts . . .
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Configuring WebSEAL key database pa
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Preserving cookie names . . . . . .
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Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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xvi IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e
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This chapter introduces you to impo
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Web security information v IBM Tivo
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v Secure Sockets Layer Introduction
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The following documents associated
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Monospace Code examples, command li
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IBM Tivoli Access Manager WebSEAL:
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The access control list (ACL) An ac
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Note: Traditional applications bund
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v Authenticated clients access usin
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v A user makes a request for a reso
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A unified Web space simplifies the
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14 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-
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Server instance configuration This
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Table 1. WebSEAL instances sharing
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- When the Web document root is not
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-ssl_yn ssl_enable_yes_no -key_file
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Server instance configuration tasks
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Removing a server instance To remov
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Communication protocol configuratio
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Restricting connections from specif
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Cryptographic hardware for encrypti
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You can specify whether to enable F
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3. In the Open dialog window, selec
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Quality of protection levels You ca
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Configuring authorization database
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3. Change the settings for the data
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Multi-locale support with UTF-8 Thi
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WebSEAL generates logging and audit
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Configuring multi-locale support Co
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WebSEAL does not recognize UTF-8 en
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ackwards compatibility, the format
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Language System Directory English (
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Preventing vulnerability caused by
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Replicated front-end WebSEAL server
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The session cookie links to session
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Table 4. P3P default header values
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Table 6. Supported values for the c
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For each value specified for purpos
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example, when your compact policy s
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70 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-
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Server tasks Start a WebSEAL server
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Managing the Web space The followin
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You can configure the specific grap
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Parameter Description cache-type Sp
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HTTP data compression WebSEAL serve
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Compression policy in POPs You can
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HTTP error message pages When WebSE
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Filename Title Description HTTP Err
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Managing custom account management
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Macro Description %CERTAUTHN% Subst
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Backup and restore Tivoli Access Ma
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Problem determination tools for Web
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Logging WebSEAL serviceability mess
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Event capturing and logging You can
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In this example, none of the option
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Authentication event log output Aut
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Table 18. Authentication errors (co
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Log Files Location Parameter Enable
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Displaying referer.log The referer.
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WebSEAL-specific ACL policies The f
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Configuring three strikes login pol
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Configuring password strength polic
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Specific user and global settings T
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v token authentication v certificat
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The entry level = unauthenticated m
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Table 20. Example integer values fo
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pdadmin> pop modify test set ipauth
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Quality of protection POP policy Th
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128 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e
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Overview of the authentication proc
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Managing session state A secure con
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This value corresponds to the numbe
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eauthenticating the user. WebSEAL u
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v Because the cookies are available
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Authentication configuration overvi
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Configuring multiple authentication
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3. When the client makes an additio
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You can configure the username and
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Configuration conditions If forms a
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If the security policy does require
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Setting Description accept-client-c
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Thus, the default value for cert-ca
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HTTP header authentication Tivoli A
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See also: v “Authentication metho
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Token authentication Tivoli Access
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2. WebSEAL returns an authenticatio
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4. Restart the WebSEAL server. See
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Failover authentication This sectio
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authenticates using forms authentic
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Administrators can configure WebSEA
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cookie. By using the cookie, the We
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Specify the protocol for failover c
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Backwards compatibility WebSEAL ser
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[failover-add-attributes] attribute
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v When this value is no, and the se
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SPNEGO protocol and Kerberos authen
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v The client cannot use an SSL sess
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Switch user authentication The WebS
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9. The administrator ends the switc
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supported mechanism, an additional
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The authentication method parameter
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The default file name is switchuser
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xauthn_username xauthn_qop xauthn_i
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Server-side request caching This se
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v “Modifying request-body-max-rea
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Configuring reauthentication based
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Extending the session cache entry l
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Configuring reauthentication based
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Extending the session cache entry l
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Automatic redirection during user l
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Configuring post password change pr
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WebSEAL provides an external authen
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credattrs_email joeuser@bigco.com c
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Credential refresh This section con
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The default lifetime of data in the
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Credential refresh configuration To
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efresh can succeed. Likewise, when
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Managing client-side and server-sid
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At installation, WebSEAL uses the s
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Setting the maximum number of cache
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Windows desktop single sign-on This
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v Failover authentication The failo
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Each WebSEAL instance must have a s
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highly secure password, such as a r
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Note: The location of the kinit uti
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v When a problem occurs, consider e
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Page 282 and 283: Each entry in the WebSEAL is assign
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Page 288 and 289: 4. After successful login, the MAS
Page 290 and 291: v The domain-specific cookie contai
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Page 294 and 295: 1. Enabling and disabling e-communi
Page 296 and 297: [e-community-domain-keys] dA.com =
Page 298 and 299: For example: [e-community-sso] vf-u
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Page 304 and 305: WebSEAL junctions overview You can
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Page 328 and 329: [junction] max-webseal-header-size
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Page 344 and 345: Configuring BA headers for single s
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346 IBM automatically with no user
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Note: If you use Web Portal Manager
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Object Space Entry URL Template /ow
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The following sample dynurl.conf fi
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The security policy To provide suit
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Overview of ADI retrieval The Tivol
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The resource-manager-provided-adi p
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Retrieving ADI from the user creden
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Dynamic ADI retrieval Rules can be
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Basic configuration Basic configura
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trace_verbose_get_entitlement If se
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Erandt_Securtities_Entitlements e
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http://ese.erant.com/attributes 1 U
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376 IBM v v /opt/pdwebars/protocol_
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Windows C:\Program Files\Tivoli\PDW
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including tracking CGI types, compi
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Stanza organization The remainder o
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Server configuration v [server] v [
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HTTP/1.1 connection timeout, in sec
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Location of the file that contains
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Enable or disable support for UTF-8
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Specifies how WebSEAL responds to r
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Host name of the LDAP server. The W
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cache-group-expire-time = number_of
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String that specifies the key label
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Active Directory [uraf-ad] stanza a
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ind-pwd = admin_password Encoded ad
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LDAP port number for the Lotus Domi
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Secure Socket Layer [ssl] stanza we
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Disables support for SSL Version 2.
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Port number for communication with
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Indicates whether automatic refresh
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Authentication methods [ba] stanza
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Specifies how to handle certificate
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Step-up authentication levels. WebS
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Fully qualified path for a library
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failover-certificate = fully_qualif
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Authentication failover v [failover
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List of attributes from the origina
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Cross-domain single sign-on v [cdss
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attribute_pattern = {preserve|refre
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Integer value specifying the port n
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File names for keys for any domains
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List of string values to specify th
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Integer value for lifetime, in seco
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Content This section contains the f
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Specifies how standard WebSEAL HTML
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Page containing a change password f
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Automatic redirect v [acnt-mgt] v [
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List containing system environment
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Relative path name to a graphics fi
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Content compression v [compress-mim
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Content encodings [content-encoding
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Junction management [junction] stan
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Positive integer value indicating t
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Document filtering [filter-url] sta
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Scheme filtering [filter-schemes] s
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Script filtering v [script-filterin
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Credential refresh [credential-refr
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Integer value that specifies the ti
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Integer value that specifies the ti
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Enables or disables the requests lo
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Auditing [aznapi-configuration] sta
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Specifies event logging for the spe
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The maximum size of the in-memory p
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Policy server v [policy-director] v
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Specifies the type of access the us
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v state Mechanisms for maintaining
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Specifies the purpose of the inform
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Specifies the recipients of the inf
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For example, if the configured name
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-p port TCP port of the back-end th
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IBM may use or distribute any of th
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asic authentication configuring 145
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F failover authentication configura
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key management (continued) managing
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eauthentication (continued) based o
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User Registry Adapter Framework (UR
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