IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-business: WebSEAL Administration ...

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The link contains a special CDSSO management page expression: /pkmscdsso? For example: http://websealA/pkmscdsso?https://websealB/resource.html 3. The request is first processed by the WebSEAL server in domain A. The websealA server builds an authentication token that contains the user’s credentials, including the Tivoli Access Manager identity (short name), the current domain (″A″), additional user information, and a time stamp. This process is performed by the ″token create″ function of the built-in single sign-on authentication mechanism (library). The additional user information (extended attributes) can be obtained by a call out to the customized CDMF shared library (cdmf_get_usr_attributes). This library has the ability to supply user attributes that can be used by domain B during the user mapping process. WebSEAL triple-DES encrypts this token data with the symmetric key generated by the cdsso_key_gen utility. This key file is shared and specified in the [cdsso-peers] stanza of the WebSEAL configuration file on both domain A and domain B WebSEAL servers. The token contains a configurable time stamp (authtoken-lifetime) that defines the lifetime of the token. The time stamp, when properly configured, can prevent replay attacks. The token is contained in a redirected request to the destination server, using the URL contained in the pkmscdsso link. For example: http://websealB/resource.html?PD-ID= 4. The websealA server redirects the request containing the encrypted token back to the browser and then to the websealB server (HTTP redirection). 5. The websealB server decodes and validates the token as coming from the referring domain. This process is performed by the ″token consume″ function of the built-in single sign-on authentication mechanism (library). 6. The token consume functionality can further call out to a customized CDMF library which performs the actual user mapping (cdmf_map_usr). The CDMF library passes the user’s identity, and any extended attribute information, back to the token consume library. The token consume library uses this information to build a credential. 7. The websealB authorization service permits or denies access to protected objects based on the user’s credential and the specific ACL permissions associated with the requested objects. 246 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-business: WebSEAL Administration Guide
Configuring CDSSO authentication CDSSO v v v conditions and requirements All WebSEAL servers participating in CDSSO must have machine times synchronized. Authentication between servers can fail when machine time differences are too great. For CDSSO to function successfully, each participating WebSEAL server must reveal its fully qualified host name to the other participating servers in the cross-domain environment. If any host name does not include a domain, CDSSO cannot be enabled and an error message is logged in msg_webseald.log. When setting up a CDSSO environment, ensure that the machine-specific networking setup for each participating server is configured to identify the server with a fully qualified host name. Because some WebSEAL configuration requires machine host names to be described as fully qualified host names, you must ensure that your system and network can resolve machine names into fully qualified host names. For example, using fully qualified host names allows for many host names (IP addresses) per machine, as in the case of multiple WebSEAL instances. Resolving machine names CDSSO can be disabled upon WebSEAL startup because the machine itself is not adequately configured to resolve machine names. The machine on which WebSEAL resides needs to be able to fully resolve an IP address. Because this functionality is very operating system-specific, it is not the role of this document to provide instructions. Always consult your system administrator if you are not sure your system has the proper capabilities. The following general Solaris-specific information is provided only as an example: Goal: Configure the machine to first look to DNS before checking the local /etc/hosts file for DNS information. 1. / Client CDMF Shared Library Domain B single sign-on WebSEAL B CDSSO Library SSL Domain A WebSEAL A Make sure that /etc/resolv.conf has valid DNS server entries. / CDMF Shared Library /pkmscdsso � Client clicks on link to Domain B. � WebSEAL A CDSSO uses CDMF library to get additional user information. Then builds and sends encrypted ID token with request. � WebSEAL B decrypts and validates token � WebSEAL B CDSSO calls CDMF shared library to map the user identity. � Credential is built and client participates in Domain B Figure 8. Cross-domain single sign-on process with CDMF Chapter 9. Client single sign-on solutions 247
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IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-bus
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Note Before using this information
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Silent configuration overview . . .
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Event capturing and logging . . . .
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Token authentication concepts . . .
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Configuring WebSEAL key database pa
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Preserving cookie names . . . . . .
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Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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xvi IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e
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This chapter introduces you to impo
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Web security information v IBM Tivo
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v Secure Sockets Layer Introduction
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The following documents associated
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Monospace Code examples, command li
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IBM Tivoli Access Manager WebSEAL:
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The access control list (ACL) An ac
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Note: Traditional applications bund
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v Authenticated clients access usin
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v A user makes a request for a reso
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A unified Web space simplifies the
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14 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-
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Server instance configuration This
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Table 1. WebSEAL instances sharing
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- When the Web document root is not
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-ssl_yn ssl_enable_yes_no -key_file
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Server instance configuration tasks
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Removing a server instance To remov
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Communication protocol configuratio
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Restricting connections from specif
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Cryptographic hardware for encrypti
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You can specify whether to enable F
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3. In the Open dialog window, selec
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Quality of protection levels You ca
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Configuring authorization database
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3. Change the settings for the data
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Multi-locale support with UTF-8 Thi
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WebSEAL generates logging and audit
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Configuring multi-locale support Co
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WebSEAL does not recognize UTF-8 en
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ackwards compatibility, the format
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Language System Directory English (
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Preventing vulnerability caused by
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Replicated front-end WebSEAL server
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The session cookie links to session
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Table 4. P3P default header values
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Table 6. Supported values for the c
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For each value specified for purpos
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example, when your compact policy s
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70 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-
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Server tasks Start a WebSEAL server
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Managing the Web space The followin
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You can configure the specific grap
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Parameter Description cache-type Sp
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HTTP data compression WebSEAL serve
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Compression policy in POPs You can
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HTTP error message pages When WebSE
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Filename Title Description HTTP Err
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Managing custom account management
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Macro Description %CERTAUTHN% Subst
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Backup and restore Tivoli Access Ma
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Problem determination tools for Web
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Logging WebSEAL serviceability mess
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Event capturing and logging You can
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In this example, none of the option
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Authentication event log output Aut
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Table 18. Authentication errors (co
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Log Files Location Parameter Enable
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Displaying referer.log The referer.
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WebSEAL-specific ACL policies The f
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Configuring three strikes login pol
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Configuring password strength polic
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Specific user and global settings T
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v token authentication v certificat
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The entry level = unauthenticated m
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Table 20. Example integer values fo
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pdadmin> pop modify test set ipauth
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Quality of protection POP policy Th
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128 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e
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Overview of the authentication proc
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Managing session state A secure con
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This value corresponds to the numbe
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eauthenticating the user. WebSEAL u
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v Because the cookies are available
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Authentication configuration overvi
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Configuring multiple authentication
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3. When the client makes an additio
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You can configure the username and
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Configuration conditions If forms a
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If the security policy does require
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Setting Description accept-client-c
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Thus, the default value for cert-ca
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HTTP header authentication Tivoli A
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See also: v “Authentication metho
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Token authentication Tivoli Access
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2. WebSEAL returns an authenticatio
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4. Restart the WebSEAL server. See
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Failover authentication This sectio
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authenticates using forms authentic
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Administrators can configure WebSEA
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cookie. By using the cookie, the We
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Specify the protocol for failover c
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Backwards compatibility WebSEAL ser
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[failover-add-attributes] attribute
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v When this value is no, and the se
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SPNEGO protocol and Kerberos authen
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v The client cannot use an SSL sess
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Switch user authentication The WebS
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9. The administrator ends the switc
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supported mechanism, an additional
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The authentication method parameter
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Page 228 and 229: Server-side request caching This se
Page 230 and 231: v “Modifying request-body-max-rea
Page 232 and 233: Configuring reauthentication based
Page 234 and 235: Extending the session cache entry l
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Page 242 and 243: Configuring post password change pr
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Page 246 and 247: credattrs_email joeuser@bigco.com c
Page 248 and 249: Credential refresh This section con
Page 250 and 251: The default lifetime of data in the
Page 252 and 253: Credential refresh configuration To
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Page 256 and 257: Managing client-side and server-sid
Page 258 and 259: At installation, WebSEAL uses the s
Page 260 and 261: Setting the maximum number of cache
Page 262 and 263: Windows desktop single sign-on This
Page 264 and 265: v Failover authentication The failo
Page 266 and 267: Each WebSEAL instance must have a s
Page 268 and 269: highly secure password, such as a r
Page 270 and 271: Note: The location of the kinit uti
Page 272 and 273: v When a problem occurs, consider e
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Page 278 and 279: [authentication-mechanisms] sso-cre
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Page 288 and 289: 4. After successful login, the MAS
Page 290 and 291: v The domain-specific cookie contai
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Page 294 and 295: 1. Enabling and disabling e-communi
Page 296 and 297: [e-community-domain-keys] dA.com =
Page 298 and 299: For example: [e-community-sso] vf-u
Page 300 and 301: [server] pre-510-compatible-tokens
Page 302 and 303: [ecsso-incoming-attributes] my_spec
Page 304 and 305: WebSEAL junctions overview You can
Page 306 and 307: Managing junctions with Web Portal
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Page 318 and 319: Modifying absolute URLs with script
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Part 2: -j junctions modify Set-Coo
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Supplying client identity in HTTP h
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[junction] max-webseal-header-size
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ack-end server UUID to each front-e
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v Back-end server 2 is called APP2
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lcp_uri URI encoded local code page
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v Do not mark any certificate in th
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1. Copy query_contents.sh into a fu
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Typical output looks like: 100 inde
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Configuring BA headers for single s
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Forwarding original client BA heade
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Using global sign-on (GSO) Tivoli A
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Configuring a GSO-enabled WebSEAL j
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Configuring single sign-on to IBM W
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Configuring single sign-on forms au
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WebSEAL parses the HTML page to ide
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[loginpage1] login-page = /cgi-bin/
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It is not necessary to specify hidd
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Supporting CGI programming To suppo
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Supporting back-end server-side app
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v Short name of the server v IP add
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pdadmin> objectspace create /Resour
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A single user that logs in multiple
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346 IBM automatically with no user
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Note: If you use Web Portal Manager
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Object Space Entry URL Template /ow
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The following sample dynurl.conf fi
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The security policy To provide suit
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Overview of ADI retrieval The Tivol
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The resource-manager-provided-adi p
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Retrieving ADI from the user creden
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Dynamic ADI retrieval Rules can be
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Basic configuration Basic configura
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trace_verbose_get_entitlement If se
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Erandt_Securtities_Entitlements e
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http://ese.erant.com/attributes 1 U
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376 IBM v v /opt/pdwebars/protocol_
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Windows C:\Program Files\Tivoli\PDW
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including tracking CGI types, compi
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Stanza organization The remainder o
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Server configuration v [server] v [
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HTTP/1.1 connection timeout, in sec
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Location of the file that contains
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Enable or disable support for UTF-8
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Specifies how WebSEAL responds to r
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Host name of the LDAP server. The W
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cache-group-expire-time = number_of
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String that specifies the key label
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Active Directory [uraf-ad] stanza a
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ind-pwd = admin_password Encoded ad
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LDAP port number for the Lotus Domi
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Secure Socket Layer [ssl] stanza we
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Disables support for SSL Version 2.
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Port number for communication with
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Indicates whether automatic refresh
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Authentication methods [ba] stanza
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Specifies how to handle certificate
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Step-up authentication levels. WebS
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Fully qualified path for a library
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failover-certificate = fully_qualif
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Authentication failover v [failover
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List of attributes from the origina
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Cross-domain single sign-on v [cdss
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attribute_pattern = {preserve|refre
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Integer value specifying the port n
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File names for keys for any domains
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List of string values to specify th
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Integer value for lifetime, in seco
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Content This section contains the f
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Specifies how standard WebSEAL HTML
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Page containing a change password f
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Automatic redirect v [acnt-mgt] v [
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List containing system environment
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Relative path name to a graphics fi
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Content compression v [compress-mim
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Content encodings [content-encoding
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Junction management [junction] stan
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Positive integer value indicating t
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Document filtering [filter-url] sta
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Scheme filtering [filter-schemes] s
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Script filtering v [script-filterin
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Credential refresh [credential-refr
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Integer value that specifies the ti
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Integer value that specifies the ti
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Enables or disables the requests lo
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Auditing [aznapi-configuration] sta
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Specifies event logging for the spe
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The maximum size of the in-memory p
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Policy server v [policy-director] v
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Specifies the type of access the us
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v state Mechanisms for maintaining
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Specifies the purpose of the inform
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Specifies the recipients of the inf
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For example, if the configured name
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-p port TCP port of the back-end th
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IBM may use or distribute any of th
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asic authentication configuring 145
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F failover authentication configura
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key management (continued) managing
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eauthentication (continued) based o
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User Registry Adapter Framework (UR
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