IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-business: WebSEAL Administration ...

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highly secure password, such as a randomly generated password, is preferred. The location of the keytab file is arbitrary. Retain this password, for use in a later step to test your Kerberos configuration (when testing authentication from a UNIX machine to the Active Directory Key Distribution Center). 2. Transfer the keytab file to the UNIX system. Ensure that a secure transfer method is used. The recommended location is: /var/pdweb/keytab-instance_name/keytab_file_name 3. For best security practice, delete the keytab file from the Windows system. 4. On the UNIX system, assign ownership of the file to ivmgr, and restrict permissions on the keytab file so that only the owner can access it. For example: # chown ivmgr keytab_file # chgrp ivmgr keytab_file # chmod 600 keytab_file 5. For UNIX servers, repeat the above steps for each WebSEAL server instance. Step 3: Install Kerberos runtime client (UNIX only) The WebSEAL server system must have a Kerberos runtime installed. On Windows systems, the Kerberos runtime client is part of the operating system. No additional packages are required. On UNIX systems, install the appropriate package: v AIX IBM Network Authentication Service Client. This client can be found in the AIX expansion pack. v Solaris – IBM Network Authentication Service Client. This client is included on the Tivoli Access Manager Web Security CD. Use pkgadd to install. – SUN Kerberos Client SUNWkr5cl. This is required by the IBM Network Authentication Service Client. This package is part of the SEAM package, and can be downloaded from the Sun Web site. Step 4: Configure Kerberos client (UNIX only) The Kerberos client installed in the previous step must be configured. This requires creation or modification of a Kerberos configuration file. On Solaris and AIX the file is: /etc/krb5/krb5.conf Complete the instructions that apply to your operating system: AIX Use the mkkrb5clnt utility. This utility creates and completes /etc/krb5/krb5.conf. 1. Run mkkrb5clnt. The syntax is: mkkrb5clnt -r Active_Directory_domain -c Active_Directory_controller_DNS -s Active_Directory_controller_DNS -d local_DNS_domain For example: mkkrb5clnt -r IBM.COM -c dc1.ibm.com -s dc1.ibm.com -d dns.com 240 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-business: WebSEAL Administration Guide
2. Manually edit krb5.conf to remove a cryptographic setting not supported by Active Directory. [libdefaults] default_tkt_enctypes = des-cbc-md5 des-cbc-crc default_tgs_enctypes = des-cbc-md5 des-cbc-crc This step removes des3-cbc-sha1. Solaris Manually edit krb5.conf . Customize the following information for your domain: v Realm For example: IBM.COM v Active Directory controller server name For example, dc1. v Domain name For example, ibm.com. v DNS name For example, ibm.com. Using the example values above, the contents of the Kerberos configuration file would include the following entries: /etc/krb5/krb5.conf – partial listing [libdefaults] default_realm = IBM.COM default_tkt_enctypes = des-cbc-md5 des-cbc-crc default_tgs_enctypes = des-cbc-md5 des-cbc-crc [realms] IBM.COM = { kdc = dc1.ibm.com:88 admin_server = dc1.ibm.com:749 default_domain = ibm.com } [domain_realm] dc1.ibm.com = IBM.COM .ibm.com = IBM.COM The last line in the example file above ( .ibm.com = IBM.COM ) represents the DNS domain in which the WebSEAL server operates and to which user connect. Note the dot (.) in front of the IBM domain in the last line. This acts as a wildcard for all hosts in the ibm.com domain. Step 5: Verify authentication of Web server principal (UNIX only) Use the kinit program to verify that the Kerberos principal for the WebSEAL server can authenticate. Use the password. specified when you ran ktpass in Step 2: # /usr/krb5/bin/kinit diamond@IBM.COM Password for diamond@IBM.COM: server_password # klist You should see some output from klist showing the credentials for diamond@IBM.COM Chapter 9. Client single sign-on solutions 241
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IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-bus
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Note Before using this information
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Silent configuration overview . . .
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Event capturing and logging . . . .
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Token authentication concepts . . .
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Configuring WebSEAL key database pa
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Preserving cookie names . . . . . .
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Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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xvi IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e
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This chapter introduces you to impo
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Web security information v IBM Tivo
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v Secure Sockets Layer Introduction
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The following documents associated
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Monospace Code examples, command li
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IBM Tivoli Access Manager WebSEAL:
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The access control list (ACL) An ac
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Note: Traditional applications bund
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v Authenticated clients access usin
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v A user makes a request for a reso
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A unified Web space simplifies the
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14 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-
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Server instance configuration This
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Table 1. WebSEAL instances sharing
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- When the Web document root is not
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-ssl_yn ssl_enable_yes_no -key_file
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Server instance configuration tasks
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Removing a server instance To remov
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Communication protocol configuratio
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Restricting connections from specif
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Cryptographic hardware for encrypti
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You can specify whether to enable F
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3. In the Open dialog window, selec
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Quality of protection levels You ca
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Configuring authorization database
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3. Change the settings for the data
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Multi-locale support with UTF-8 Thi
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WebSEAL generates logging and audit
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Configuring multi-locale support Co
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WebSEAL does not recognize UTF-8 en
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ackwards compatibility, the format
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Language System Directory English (
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Preventing vulnerability caused by
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Replicated front-end WebSEAL server
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The session cookie links to session
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Table 4. P3P default header values
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Table 6. Supported values for the c
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For each value specified for purpos
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example, when your compact policy s
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70 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-
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Server tasks Start a WebSEAL server
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Managing the Web space The followin
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You can configure the specific grap
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Parameter Description cache-type Sp
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HTTP data compression WebSEAL serve
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Compression policy in POPs You can
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HTTP error message pages When WebSE
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Filename Title Description HTTP Err
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Managing custom account management
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Macro Description %CERTAUTHN% Subst
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Backup and restore Tivoli Access Ma
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Problem determination tools for Web
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Logging WebSEAL serviceability mess
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Event capturing and logging You can
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In this example, none of the option
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Authentication event log output Aut
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Table 18. Authentication errors (co
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Log Files Location Parameter Enable
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Displaying referer.log The referer.
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WebSEAL-specific ACL policies The f
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Configuring three strikes login pol
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Configuring password strength polic
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Specific user and global settings T
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v token authentication v certificat
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The entry level = unauthenticated m
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Table 20. Example integer values fo
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pdadmin> pop modify test set ipauth
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Quality of protection POP policy Th
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128 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e
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Overview of the authentication proc
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Managing session state A secure con
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This value corresponds to the numbe
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eauthenticating the user. WebSEAL u
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v Because the cookies are available
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Authentication configuration overvi
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Configuring multiple authentication
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3. When the client makes an additio
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You can configure the username and
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Configuration conditions If forms a
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If the security policy does require
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Setting Description accept-client-c
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Thus, the default value for cert-ca
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HTTP header authentication Tivoli A
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See also: v “Authentication metho
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Token authentication Tivoli Access
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2. WebSEAL returns an authenticatio
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4. Restart the WebSEAL server. See
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Failover authentication This sectio
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authenticates using forms authentic
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Administrators can configure WebSEA
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cookie. By using the cookie, the We
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Specify the protocol for failover c
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Backwards compatibility WebSEAL ser
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[failover-add-attributes] attribute
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v When this value is no, and the se
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SPNEGO protocol and Kerberos authen
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v The client cannot use an SSL sess
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Switch user authentication The WebS
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Page 228 and 229: Server-side request caching This se
Page 230 and 231: v “Modifying request-body-max-rea
Page 232 and 233: Configuring reauthentication based
Page 234 and 235: Extending the session cache entry l
Page 236 and 237: Configuring reauthentication based
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Page 242 and 243: Configuring post password change pr
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Page 248 and 249: Credential refresh This section con
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Page 252 and 253: Credential refresh configuration To
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Page 256 and 257: Managing client-side and server-sid
Page 258 and 259: At installation, WebSEAL uses the s
Page 260 and 261: Setting the maximum number of cache
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Page 264 and 265: v Failover authentication The failo
Page 266 and 267: Each WebSEAL instance must have a s
Page 270 and 271: Note: The location of the kinit uti
Page 272 and 273: v When a problem occurs, consider e
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Page 276 and 277: 2. Edit /etc/nsswitch.conf so the h
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Page 282 and 283: Each entry in the WebSEAL is assign
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Page 288 and 289: 4. After successful login, the MAS
Page 290 and 291: v The domain-specific cookie contai
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Page 294 and 295: 1. Enabling and disabling e-communi
Page 296 and 297: [e-community-domain-keys] dA.com =
Page 298 and 299: For example: [e-community-sso] vf-u
Page 300 and 301: [server] pre-510-compatible-tokens
Page 302 and 303: [ecsso-incoming-attributes] my_spec
Page 304 and 305: WebSEAL junctions overview You can
Page 306 and 307: Managing junctions with Web Portal
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Modifying absolute URLs with script
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To solve this problem: 1. Always wr
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You must create the jmt.conf mappin
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Part 2: -j junctions modify Set-Coo
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Supplying client identity in HTTP h
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[junction] max-webseal-header-size
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ack-end server UUID to each front-e
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v Back-end server 2 is called APP2
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lcp_uri URI encoded local code page
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v Do not mark any certificate in th
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1. Copy query_contents.sh into a fu
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Typical output looks like: 100 inde
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Configuring BA headers for single s
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Forwarding original client BA heade
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Using global sign-on (GSO) Tivoli A
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Configuring a GSO-enabled WebSEAL j
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Configuring single sign-on to IBM W
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Configuring single sign-on forms au
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WebSEAL parses the HTML page to ide
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[loginpage1] login-page = /cgi-bin/
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It is not necessary to specify hidd
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Supporting CGI programming To suppo
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Supporting back-end server-side app
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v Short name of the server v IP add
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pdadmin> objectspace create /Resour
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A single user that logs in multiple
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346 IBM automatically with no user
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Note: If you use Web Portal Manager
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Object Space Entry URL Template /ow
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The following sample dynurl.conf fi
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The security policy To provide suit
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Overview of ADI retrieval The Tivol
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The resource-manager-provided-adi p
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Retrieving ADI from the user creden
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Dynamic ADI retrieval Rules can be
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Basic configuration Basic configura
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trace_verbose_get_entitlement If se
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Erandt_Securtities_Entitlements e
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http://ese.erant.com/attributes 1 U
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376 IBM v v /opt/pdwebars/protocol_
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Windows C:\Program Files\Tivoli\PDW
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including tracking CGI types, compi
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Stanza organization The remainder o
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Server configuration v [server] v [
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HTTP/1.1 connection timeout, in sec
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Location of the file that contains
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Enable or disable support for UTF-8
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Specifies how WebSEAL responds to r
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Host name of the LDAP server. The W
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cache-group-expire-time = number_of
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String that specifies the key label
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Active Directory [uraf-ad] stanza a
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ind-pwd = admin_password Encoded ad
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LDAP port number for the Lotus Domi
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Secure Socket Layer [ssl] stanza we
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Disables support for SSL Version 2.
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Port number for communication with
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Indicates whether automatic refresh
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Authentication methods [ba] stanza
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Specifies how to handle certificate
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Step-up authentication levels. WebS
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Fully qualified path for a library
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failover-certificate = fully_qualif
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Authentication failover v [failover
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List of attributes from the origina
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Cross-domain single sign-on v [cdss
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attribute_pattern = {preserve|refre
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Integer value specifying the port n
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File names for keys for any domains
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List of string values to specify th
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Integer value for lifetime, in seco
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Content This section contains the f
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Specifies how standard WebSEAL HTML
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Page containing a change password f
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Automatic redirect v [acnt-mgt] v [
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List containing system environment
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Relative path name to a graphics fi
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Content compression v [compress-mim
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Content encodings [content-encoding
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Junction management [junction] stan
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Positive integer value indicating t
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Document filtering [filter-url] sta
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Scheme filtering [filter-schemes] s
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Script filtering v [script-filterin
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Credential refresh [credential-refr
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Integer value that specifies the ti
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Integer value that specifies the ti
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Enables or disables the requests lo
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Auditing [aznapi-configuration] sta
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Specifies event logging for the spe
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The maximum size of the in-memory p
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Policy server v [policy-director] v
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Specifies the type of access the us
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v state Mechanisms for maintaining
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Specifies the purpose of the inform
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Specifies the recipients of the inf
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For example, if the configured name
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-p port TCP port of the back-end th
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IBM may use or distribute any of th
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asic authentication configuring 145
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F failover authentication configura
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key management (continued) managing
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eauthentication (continued) based o
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User Registry Adapter Framework (UR
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