IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-business: WebSEAL Administration ...

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v Failover authentication The failover cookie failover mechanism supports SPNEGO authenticated users v Cross domain single signon v SSL certificate authentication v Switch user authentication Switching user identity to the SPNEGO authenticated user is supported. When SPNEGO is configured along with another authentication method, WebSEAL simultaneously sends both an SPNEGO challenge and an HTML form login back to the browser. Browsers which support SPNEGO respond with SPNEGO authentication. Browsers that do not support SPNEGO display the login form. Compatibility between SPNEGO authentication and WebSEAL e-community single signon is limited. A WebSEAL server can be an e-community master authentication server (MAS) and support SPNEGO. However, a WebSEAL server cannot be an e-community slave and also support SPNEGO. WebSEAL authentication strength policy (step-up authentication) from SPNEGO authentication to other authentication methods is supported. When SPNEGO authentication is enabled, only the following methods of maintaining session state are supported: v SSL session IDs v HTTP cookies SPNEGO authentication is compatible with the automatic tag-value retrieval support provided by the Tivoli Access Manager entitlements service. Thus, it is possible to add extended attributes to a user’s credential after the user has authenticated with SPNEGO. Limitations The following WebSEAL features are not supported with SPNEGO authentication: v POP or session timer based reauthentication of SPNEGO authenticated clients. v Password change using pkmspasswd. v Mapping of a username through a CDAS. v Use of a customized credential extended attribute CDAS to add extended attributes to a user credential. v SPNEGO clients cannot log out of WebSEAL. Clients must log out from the workstation. Clients that access WebSEAL pkms command pages (excepting switch user) receive the PKMS help page. v Reauthentication when the inactive session timer expires for SPNEGO clients. The user cache entry is deleted but the session ID is retained. Information in the header received from the SPNEGO client is used to reauthenticate. The client does not have to log in again, but the client receives a new session cache entry. v Reauthentication when a user accesses an object with a reauthentication policy attached In this case access is denied, and user receives a message stating that reauthentication is required. The following limitation also applies: v Microsoft NT LAN Manager (NTLM) authentication is not supported. 236 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-business: WebSEAL Administration Guide
However, the Tivoli Access Manager Web Plug-in for IIS supports NTLM. WebSEAL can be deployed in an e-community single signon solution that uses the Web Plug-in for IIS to accomplish SPNEGO authentication using NTLM. v Using SPNEGO simultaneously with other authentication methods does not work with Netscape 4.7 Windows desktop single sign-on configuration This section contains the configuration steps that must be completed to implement Windows desktop single signon using SPNEGO authentication with WebSEAL. Not all steps are required on each platform. To configure SPNEGO authentication, complete each of the following steps: v “Step 1: Configure WebSEAL server into Active Directory domain” v “Step 2: Map Kerberos principal to Active Directory user” on page 238 v “Step 3: Install Kerberos runtime client (UNIX only)” on page 240 v “Step 4: Configure Kerberos client (UNIX only)” on page 240 v “Step 5: Verify authentication of Web server principal (UNIX only)” on page 241 v “Step 6: Verify WebSEAL authentication using the keytab file (UNIX only)” on page 242 v “Step 7: Enable SPNEGO for WebSEAL” on page 242 v “Step 8: Add service name and keytab file entries (UNIX only)” on page 242 v “Step 9: Restart WebSEAL” on page 243 v “Step 10: Configure the Internet Explorer client” on page 243 Troubleshooting information: v “Troubleshooting tips” on page 243 Step 1: Configure WebSEAL server into Active Directory domain To participate in a Kerberos exchange with IE, a WebSEAL server must have an identity in the Active Directory Kerberos domain. This requires that WebSEAL be registered with the Active Directory domain controller. This enables the IE browser to obtain a Kerberos ticket from the Active Directory domain controller in order to access the WebSEAL server. See the Microsoft documentation for instructions on how to add an identity for the WebSEAL server host into an Active Directory domain. Notes: v On Windows, the default WebSEAL server (first server instance) uses the Local Service Account identity when contacting the Active Directory domain controller. Additional WebSEAL server instances must be configured to use a different user account. The user account must match a unique Active Directory user for the WebSEAL server identity. v On UNIX, ensure that the user name matches the host name of the WebSEAL server host. Do not use the full domain name. For example, for the system diamond.subnet2.ibm.com, create a user diamond. Do not require the user to change password at next log in. Do not set the password to expire. v Ensure that DNS is configured properly for each of the participating machine. One way to confirm this is to run forward and reverse nslookup on each machine. Multiple WebSEAL instances Chapter 9. Client single sign-on solutions 237
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IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-bus
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Note Before using this information
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Silent configuration overview . . .
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Event capturing and logging . . . .
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Token authentication concepts . . .
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Configuring WebSEAL key database pa
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Preserving cookie names . . . . . .
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Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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xvi IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e
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This chapter introduces you to impo
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Web security information v IBM Tivo
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v Secure Sockets Layer Introduction
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The following documents associated
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Monospace Code examples, command li
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IBM Tivoli Access Manager WebSEAL:
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The access control list (ACL) An ac
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Note: Traditional applications bund
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v Authenticated clients access usin
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v A user makes a request for a reso
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A unified Web space simplifies the
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14 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-
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Server instance configuration This
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Table 1. WebSEAL instances sharing
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- When the Web document root is not
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-ssl_yn ssl_enable_yes_no -key_file
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Server instance configuration tasks
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Removing a server instance To remov
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Communication protocol configuratio
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Restricting connections from specif
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Cryptographic hardware for encrypti
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You can specify whether to enable F
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3. In the Open dialog window, selec
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Quality of protection levels You ca
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Configuring authorization database
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3. Change the settings for the data
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Multi-locale support with UTF-8 Thi
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WebSEAL generates logging and audit
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Configuring multi-locale support Co
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WebSEAL does not recognize UTF-8 en
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ackwards compatibility, the format
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Language System Directory English (
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Preventing vulnerability caused by
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Replicated front-end WebSEAL server
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The session cookie links to session
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Table 4. P3P default header values
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Table 6. Supported values for the c
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For each value specified for purpos
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example, when your compact policy s
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70 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-
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Server tasks Start a WebSEAL server
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Managing the Web space The followin
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You can configure the specific grap
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Parameter Description cache-type Sp
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HTTP data compression WebSEAL serve
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Compression policy in POPs You can
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HTTP error message pages When WebSE
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Filename Title Description HTTP Err
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Managing custom account management
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Macro Description %CERTAUTHN% Subst
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Backup and restore Tivoli Access Ma
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Problem determination tools for Web
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Logging WebSEAL serviceability mess
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Event capturing and logging You can
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In this example, none of the option
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Authentication event log output Aut
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Table 18. Authentication errors (co
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Log Files Location Parameter Enable
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Displaying referer.log The referer.
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WebSEAL-specific ACL policies The f
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Configuring three strikes login pol
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Configuring password strength polic
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Specific user and global settings T
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v token authentication v certificat
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The entry level = unauthenticated m
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Table 20. Example integer values fo
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pdadmin> pop modify test set ipauth
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Quality of protection POP policy Th
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128 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e
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Overview of the authentication proc
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Managing session state A secure con
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This value corresponds to the numbe
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eauthenticating the user. WebSEAL u
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v Because the cookies are available
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Authentication configuration overvi
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Configuring multiple authentication
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3. When the client makes an additio
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You can configure the username and
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Configuration conditions If forms a
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If the security policy does require
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Setting Description accept-client-c
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Thus, the default value for cert-ca
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HTTP header authentication Tivoli A
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See also: v “Authentication metho
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Token authentication Tivoli Access
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2. WebSEAL returns an authenticatio
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4. Restart the WebSEAL server. See
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Failover authentication This sectio
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authenticates using forms authentic
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Administrators can configure WebSEA
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cookie. By using the cookie, the We
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Specify the protocol for failover c
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Backwards compatibility WebSEAL ser
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[failover-add-attributes] attribute
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v When this value is no, and the se
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SPNEGO protocol and Kerberos authen
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v The client cannot use an SSL sess
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Page 216 and 217: Switch user authentication The WebS
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Page 222 and 223: The authentication method parameter
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Page 228 and 229: Server-side request caching This se
Page 230 and 231: v “Modifying request-body-max-rea
Page 232 and 233: Configuring reauthentication based
Page 234 and 235: Extending the session cache entry l
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Page 242 and 243: Configuring post password change pr
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Page 248 and 249: Credential refresh This section con
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Page 252 and 253: Credential refresh configuration To
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Page 256 and 257: Managing client-side and server-sid
Page 258 and 259: At installation, WebSEAL uses the s
Page 260 and 261: Setting the maximum number of cache
Page 262 and 263: Windows desktop single sign-on This
Page 266 and 267: Each WebSEAL instance must have a s
Page 268 and 269: highly secure password, such as a r
Page 270 and 271: Note: The location of the kinit uti
Page 272 and 273: v When a problem occurs, consider e
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Page 288 and 289: 4. After successful login, the MAS
Page 290 and 291: v The domain-specific cookie contai
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Page 294 and 295: 1. Enabling and disabling e-communi
Page 296 and 297: [e-community-domain-keys] dA.com =
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Page 302 and 303: [ecsso-incoming-attributes] my_spec
Page 304 and 305: WebSEAL junctions overview You can
Page 306 and 307: Managing junctions with Web Portal
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WebSEAL-to-WebSEAL junctions over S
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v “Processing URLs in requests”
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Modifying absolute URLs with script
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To solve this problem: 1. Always wr
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You must create the jmt.conf mappin
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Part 2: -j junctions modify Set-Coo
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Supplying client identity in HTTP h
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[junction] max-webseal-header-size
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ack-end server UUID to each front-e
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v Back-end server 2 is called APP2
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lcp_uri URI encoded local code page
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v Do not mark any certificate in th
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1. Copy query_contents.sh into a fu
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Typical output looks like: 100 inde
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Configuring BA headers for single s
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Forwarding original client BA heade
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Using global sign-on (GSO) Tivoli A
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Configuring a GSO-enabled WebSEAL j
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Configuring single sign-on to IBM W
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Configuring single sign-on forms au
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WebSEAL parses the HTML page to ide
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[loginpage1] login-page = /cgi-bin/
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It is not necessary to specify hidd
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Supporting CGI programming To suppo
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Supporting back-end server-side app
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v Short name of the server v IP add
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pdadmin> objectspace create /Resour
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A single user that logs in multiple
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346 IBM automatically with no user
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Note: If you use Web Portal Manager
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Object Space Entry URL Template /ow
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The following sample dynurl.conf fi
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The security policy To provide suit
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Overview of ADI retrieval The Tivol
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The resource-manager-provided-adi p
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Retrieving ADI from the user creden
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Dynamic ADI retrieval Rules can be
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Basic configuration Basic configura
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trace_verbose_get_entitlement If se
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Erandt_Securtities_Entitlements e
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http://ese.erant.com/attributes 1 U
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376 IBM v v /opt/pdwebars/protocol_
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Windows C:\Program Files\Tivoli\PDW
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including tracking CGI types, compi
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Stanza organization The remainder o
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Server configuration v [server] v [
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HTTP/1.1 connection timeout, in sec
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Location of the file that contains
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Enable or disable support for UTF-8
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Specifies how WebSEAL responds to r
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Host name of the LDAP server. The W
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cache-group-expire-time = number_of
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String that specifies the key label
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Active Directory [uraf-ad] stanza a
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ind-pwd = admin_password Encoded ad
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LDAP port number for the Lotus Domi
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Secure Socket Layer [ssl] stanza we
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Disables support for SSL Version 2.
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Port number for communication with
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Indicates whether automatic refresh
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Authentication methods [ba] stanza
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Specifies how to handle certificate
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Step-up authentication levels. WebS
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Fully qualified path for a library
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failover-certificate = fully_qualif
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Authentication failover v [failover
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List of attributes from the origina
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Cross-domain single sign-on v [cdss
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attribute_pattern = {preserve|refre
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Integer value specifying the port n
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File names for keys for any domains
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List of string values to specify th
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Integer value for lifetime, in seco
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Content This section contains the f
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Specifies how standard WebSEAL HTML
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Page containing a change password f
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Automatic redirect v [acnt-mgt] v [
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List containing system environment
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Relative path name to a graphics fi
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Content compression v [compress-mim
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Content encodings [content-encoding
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Junction management [junction] stan
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Positive integer value indicating t
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Document filtering [filter-url] sta
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Scheme filtering [filter-schemes] s
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Script filtering v [script-filterin
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Credential refresh [credential-refr
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Integer value that specifies the ti
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Integer value that specifies the ti
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Enables or disables the requests lo
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Auditing [aznapi-configuration] sta
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Specifies event logging for the spe
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The maximum size of the in-memory p
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Policy server v [policy-director] v
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Specifies the type of access the us
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v state Mechanisms for maintaining
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Specifies the purpose of the inform
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Specifies the recipients of the inf
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For example, if the configured name
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-p port TCP port of the back-end th
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IBM may use or distribute any of th
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asic authentication configuring 145
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F failover authentication configura
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key management (continued) managing
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eauthentication (continued) based o
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User Registry Adapter Framework (UR
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