IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-business: WebSEAL Administration ...

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9. The administrator ends the switch user session using the standard Tivoli Access Manager /pkmslogout utility. Upon successful log out: a. The user’s cache data is deleted. b. The administrator’s original cache data (and credential) is restored. c. The administrator is returned to the original page from which the switch user form was requested. The authorization service uses the original credential of the administrator for all subsequent requests. Configuration procedure The WebSEAL administrator must complete several configuration steps before administrators can use the switch user functionality. To configure switch user, complete the instructions in each of the following sections: 1. “Part 1: Configuring user access” 2. “Part 2: Configuring switch user authentication mechanisms” on page 191 3. “Part 3: Configuring the switch user HTML form” on page 193 This part is optional. 4. “Part 4: Designing additional input forms” on page 195 This part is optional. 5. “Part 5: Stopping and restarting WebSEAL” on page 195 Part 1: Configuring user access During WebSEAL installation, the WebSEAL configuration process automatically creates several groups for use by the switch user functionality. The WebSEAL administrator controls switch user capability by adding users to the groups. To configure user access, complete the following steps: 1. Add users to the su-admins group. To use switch user function, a user must be a member of a special administrative group called su-admins. This group is automatically created by default during installation of a WebSEAL server. There are no users in this group by default. The WebSEAL administrator must manually add users to this group. Typically, only administrative users are added to this group. Users who have been granted membership in su-admins can switch user to most other user identities, but cannot switch to the identity of any other user that is also a member of the su-admins group . Thus, once an administrator is granted switch user privileges by being added to su-admins, the administrator’s account is protected from access by any other user that gains switch user privileges. 2. Add users to the su-excluded group This group contains the names of users whose identities should not be accessed through the switch user capability. During WebSEAL installation, the WebSEAL configuration process automatically creates this group. There are no users in this group by default. WebSEAL administrator typically add to this group the names of users who are not members of the administrative group su-admins, but for whom switch user access should still be blocked When switch user is used, WebSEAL also checks the memberships of the Tivoli Access Manager group called securitygroup. This group contains the name of the Tivoli Access Manager administrative user sec_master, plus a number of WebSEAL processes that must be excluded from access through switch user capability. 190 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-business: WebSEAL Administration Guide
This group is automatically created by default during installation of a WebSEAL server. The following identities are automatically added to this group during installation: v sec_master — the Tivoli Access Manager administrator v acld – the Tivoli Access Manager authorization server daemon v webseald — the WebSEAL daemon WebSEAL administrators should not add any users to the securitygroup group. To control user access to switch user, use either su-admins or su-excluded. Part 2: Configuring switch user authentication mechanisms Tivoli Access Manager supplies a single, built-in, switch user library that implements the switch user authentication mechanism. The switch user library differs from the standard authentication libraries. The library specifies an authentication mechanism that takes a supplied user identity and returns a valid credential for that user without requiring the user password for input. The built-in switch user shared library provided with Tivoli Access Manager is called libsuauthn (on UNIX systems) and suauthn (on Windows systems). The platform-specific shared library file names are: Solaris Operating Environment (Solaris) libsuauthn.so AIX libsuauthn.a HP-UX libsuauthn.sl Windows suauthn.dll The built-in library supports the following authentication mechanisms: v su-password v su-token-card v su-certificate v su-http-request v su-cdsso v su-kerberosv5 The authentication mechanisms are specified in the [authentication-mechanisms] stanza of the WebSEAL configuration file. There is a separate entry for each supported authentication mechanism. By default, all of the switch user authentication mechanisms are disabled in the configuration file. For example: [authentication-mechanisms] #su-password = #su-token-card = #su-certificate = #su-http-request = #su-cdsso = #su-kerberosv5 = The configuration steps for enabling authentication consist primarily of editing the appropriate configuration file name=value entries. However, when the WebSEAL deployment supports more than one authentication mechanism, and the administrator wants to use switch user functions for more than one type of Chapter 7. Advanced WebSEAL authentication 191
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IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-bus
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Note Before using this information
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Silent configuration overview . . .
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Event capturing and logging . . . .
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Token authentication concepts . . .
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Configuring WebSEAL key database pa
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Preserving cookie names . . . . . .
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Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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xvi IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e
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This chapter introduces you to impo
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Web security information v IBM Tivo
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v Secure Sockets Layer Introduction
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The following documents associated
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Monospace Code examples, command li
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IBM Tivoli Access Manager WebSEAL:
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The access control list (ACL) An ac
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Note: Traditional applications bund
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v Authenticated clients access usin
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v A user makes a request for a reso
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A unified Web space simplifies the
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14 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-
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Server instance configuration This
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Table 1. WebSEAL instances sharing
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- When the Web document root is not
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-ssl_yn ssl_enable_yes_no -key_file
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Server instance configuration tasks
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Removing a server instance To remov
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Communication protocol configuratio
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Restricting connections from specif
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Cryptographic hardware for encrypti
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You can specify whether to enable F
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3. In the Open dialog window, selec
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Quality of protection levels You ca
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Configuring authorization database
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3. Change the settings for the data
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Multi-locale support with UTF-8 Thi
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WebSEAL generates logging and audit
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Configuring multi-locale support Co
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WebSEAL does not recognize UTF-8 en
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ackwards compatibility, the format
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Language System Directory English (
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Preventing vulnerability caused by
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Replicated front-end WebSEAL server
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The session cookie links to session
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Table 4. P3P default header values
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Table 6. Supported values for the c
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For each value specified for purpos
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example, when your compact policy s
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70 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-
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Server tasks Start a WebSEAL server
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Managing the Web space The followin
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You can configure the specific grap
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Parameter Description cache-type Sp
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HTTP data compression WebSEAL serve
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Compression policy in POPs You can
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HTTP error message pages When WebSE
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Filename Title Description HTTP Err
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Managing custom account management
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Macro Description %CERTAUTHN% Subst
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Backup and restore Tivoli Access Ma
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Problem determination tools for Web
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Logging WebSEAL serviceability mess
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Event capturing and logging You can
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In this example, none of the option
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Authentication event log output Aut
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Table 18. Authentication errors (co
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Log Files Location Parameter Enable
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Displaying referer.log The referer.
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WebSEAL-specific ACL policies The f
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Configuring three strikes login pol
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Configuring password strength polic
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Specific user and global settings T
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v token authentication v certificat
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The entry level = unauthenticated m
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Table 20. Example integer values fo
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pdadmin> pop modify test set ipauth
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Quality of protection POP policy Th
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128 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e
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Overview of the authentication proc
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Managing session state A secure con
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This value corresponds to the numbe
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eauthenticating the user. WebSEAL u
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v Because the cookies are available
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Page 170 and 171: Configuring multiple authentication
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Page 174 and 175: You can configure the username and
Page 176 and 177: Configuration conditions If forms a
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Page 180 and 181: Setting Description accept-client-c
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Page 184 and 185: HTTP header authentication Tivoli A
Page 186 and 187: See also: v “Authentication metho
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Page 190 and 191: 2. WebSEAL returns an authenticatio
Page 192 and 193: 4. Restart the WebSEAL server. See
Page 194 and 195: Failover authentication This sectio
Page 196 and 197: authenticates using forms authentic
Page 198 and 199: Administrators can configure WebSEA
Page 200 and 201: cookie. By using the cookie, the We
Page 202 and 203: Specify the protocol for failover c
Page 204 and 205: Backwards compatibility WebSEAL ser
Page 206 and 207: [failover-add-attributes] attribute
Page 208 and 209: v When this value is no, and the se
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Page 216 and 217: Switch user authentication The WebS
Page 220 and 221: supported mechanism, an additional
Page 222 and 223: The authentication method parameter
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Page 228 and 229: Server-side request caching This se
Page 230 and 231: v “Modifying request-body-max-rea
Page 232 and 233: Configuring reauthentication based
Page 234 and 235: Extending the session cache entry l
Page 236 and 237: Configuring reauthentication based
Page 238 and 239: Extending the session cache entry l
Page 240 and 241: Automatic redirection during user l
Page 242 and 243: Configuring post password change pr
Page 244 and 245: WebSEAL provides an external authen
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Page 248 and 249: Credential refresh This section con
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Page 256 and 257: Managing client-side and server-sid
Page 258 and 259: At installation, WebSEAL uses the s
Page 260 and 261: Setting the maximum number of cache
Page 262 and 263: Windows desktop single sign-on This
Page 264 and 265: v Failover authentication The failo
Page 266 and 267: Each WebSEAL instance must have a s
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highly secure password, such as a r
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Note: The location of the kinit uti
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v When a problem occurs, consider e
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The link contains a special CDSSO m
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2. Edit /etc/nsswitch.conf so the h
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[authentication-mechanisms] sso-cre
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http://websealB/resource.html?PD-ID
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Each entry in the WebSEAL is assign
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e-community single sign-on E-commun
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A user who fails authentication wit
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4. After successful login, the MAS
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v The domain-specific cookie contai
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owser is Microsoft Internet Explore
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1. Enabling and disabling e-communi
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[e-community-domain-keys] dA.com =
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For example: [e-community-sso] vf-u
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[server] pre-510-compatible-tokens
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[ecsso-incoming-attributes] my_spec
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WebSEAL junctions overview You can
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Managing junctions with Web Portal
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Configuring a basic WebSEAL junctio
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Mutually authenticated SSL junction
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v It is highly recommended that you
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WebSEAL-to-WebSEAL junctions over S
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v “Processing URLs in requests”
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Modifying absolute URLs with script
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To solve this problem: 1. Always wr
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You must create the jmt.conf mappin
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Part 2: -j junctions modify Set-Coo
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Supplying client identity in HTTP h
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[junction] max-webseal-header-size
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ack-end server UUID to each front-e
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v Back-end server 2 is called APP2
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lcp_uri URI encoded local code page
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v Do not mark any certificate in th
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1. Copy query_contents.sh into a fu
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Typical output looks like: 100 inde
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Configuring BA headers for single s
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Forwarding original client BA heade
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Using global sign-on (GSO) Tivoli A
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Configuring a GSO-enabled WebSEAL j
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Configuring single sign-on to IBM W
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Configuring single sign-on forms au
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WebSEAL parses the HTML page to ide
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[loginpage1] login-page = /cgi-bin/
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It is not necessary to specify hidd
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Supporting CGI programming To suppo
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Supporting back-end server-side app
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v Short name of the server v IP add
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pdadmin> objectspace create /Resour
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A single user that logs in multiple
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346 IBM automatically with no user
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Note: If you use Web Portal Manager
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Object Space Entry URL Template /ow
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The following sample dynurl.conf fi
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The security policy To provide suit
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Overview of ADI retrieval The Tivol
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The resource-manager-provided-adi p
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Retrieving ADI from the user creden
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Dynamic ADI retrieval Rules can be
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Basic configuration Basic configura
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trace_verbose_get_entitlement If se
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Erandt_Securtities_Entitlements e
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http://ese.erant.com/attributes 1 U
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376 IBM v v /opt/pdwebars/protocol_
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Windows C:\Program Files\Tivoli\PDW
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including tracking CGI types, compi
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Stanza organization The remainder o
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Server configuration v [server] v [
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HTTP/1.1 connection timeout, in sec
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Location of the file that contains
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Enable or disable support for UTF-8
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Specifies how WebSEAL responds to r
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Host name of the LDAP server. The W
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cache-group-expire-time = number_of
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String that specifies the key label
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Active Directory [uraf-ad] stanza a
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ind-pwd = admin_password Encoded ad
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LDAP port number for the Lotus Domi
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Secure Socket Layer [ssl] stanza we
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Disables support for SSL Version 2.
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Port number for communication with
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Indicates whether automatic refresh
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Authentication methods [ba] stanza
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Specifies how to handle certificate
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Step-up authentication levels. WebS
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Fully qualified path for a library
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failover-certificate = fully_qualif
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Authentication failover v [failover
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List of attributes from the origina
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Cross-domain single sign-on v [cdss
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attribute_pattern = {preserve|refre
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Integer value specifying the port n
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File names for keys for any domains
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List of string values to specify th
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Integer value for lifetime, in seco
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Content This section contains the f
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Specifies how standard WebSEAL HTML
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Page containing a change password f
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Automatic redirect v [acnt-mgt] v [
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List containing system environment
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Relative path name to a graphics fi
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Content compression v [compress-mim
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Content encodings [content-encoding
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Junction management [junction] stan
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Positive integer value indicating t
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Document filtering [filter-url] sta
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Scheme filtering [filter-schemes] s
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Script filtering v [script-filterin
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Credential refresh [credential-refr
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Integer value that specifies the ti
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Integer value that specifies the ti
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Enables or disables the requests lo
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Auditing [aznapi-configuration] sta
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Specifies event logging for the spe
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The maximum size of the in-memory p
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Policy server v [policy-director] v
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Specifies the type of access the us
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v state Mechanisms for maintaining
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Specifies the purpose of the inform
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Specifies the recipients of the inf
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For example, if the configured name
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-p port TCP port of the back-end th
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IBM may use or distribute any of th
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asic authentication configuring 145
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F failover authentication configura
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key management (continued) managing
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eauthentication (continued) based o
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User Registry Adapter Framework (UR
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