IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-business: WebSEAL Administration ...

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Specify the protocol for failover cookie Failover authentication cookies are disabled by default. To enable failover cookies, edit the WebSEAL configuration file: In the [failover] stanza, specify a value that instructs WebSEAL how to handle client certificate authentication requests. The following table shows the valid values. Table 30. Supported protocols for failover cookies Setting Description failover-auth = http Failover cookies enabled over HTTP protocol. failover-auth = https Failover cookies enabled over HTTPS (SSL) protocol. failover-auth = both Failover cookies enabled over both HTTP and HTTPS (SSL) protocol. Note: Enabling failover authentication to either HTTP or HTTPS causes cookies to be written to clients connecting over all protocols. The value specified in the failover-auth stanza entry dictates the protocol over which cookies will be accepted for authentication during a failover authentication event. Specify the failover authentication library Edit the WebSEAL configuration file. In the [authentication-mechanisms] stanza, uncomment the entry for the authentication type (or types) that must support failover cookies. Add the name of the WebSEAL failover cookie library appropriate for the operating system type. The default configuration file entry is: [authentication-mechanisms] #failover-password = failover_password_library_filename #failover-token-card = failover_token_card_filename #failover-certificate = failover_certificate_filename #failover-http-request = failover_http_request_filename #failover-cdsso = failover_cdsso_filename #failover-kerberosv5 = failover_kerberos_library WebSEAL supplies one standard failover shared library that functions for all the above authentication methods. Refer to the following table for the library names. Table 31. Failover authentication library file names Solaris libfailoverauthn.so Linux libfailoverauthn.so AIX libfailoverauthn.a HP-UX libfailoverauthn.sl Windows failoverauthn.dll For example, to enable failover authentication for clients who originally authenticated with forms authentication on Solaris, uncomment the failover-password entry and add the library name: [authentication-mechanisms] failover-password = libfailoverauthn.so Alternatively, when you have developed a CDAS library that implements a customized version of failover authentication for one or more authentication 174 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-business: WebSEAL Administration Guide
methods, insert the name of the custom CDAS as the value for the configuration file keyword. For example, if you developed a custom CDAS for forms authentication, enter the absolute path name: [authentication-mechanisms] failover-password = /dir_name/custom_cdas_failover_library.so Create an encryption key for cookie data Use the cdsso_key_gen utility to secure the cookie data. WebSEAL provides this utility. This utility generates a symmetric key that encrypts and decrypts the data in the cookie. Attention: If you do not configure WebSEAL to encrypt failover authentication cookies, and you have enabled failover authentication, WebSEAL will generate an error and refuse to start. Failover authentication cookies must be encrypted. 1. Run the utility on one of the replicated servers. From a command line, specify the location of the key file you want to create. You must specify an absolute path name. For example: UNIX: /opt/pdweb/bin/cdsso_key_gen absolute_pathname_for_keyfile Windows: C:\Program Files\Tivoli\PDWeb\bin\cdsso_key_gen absolute_pathname_for_keyfile You can give the key file any appropriate name, such as /opt/pdweb/lib/ws.key. 2. Edit the WebSEAL configuration file. In the [failover] stanza, specify the keyfile location. [failover] failover-cookies-keyfile = absolute_pathname_for_keyfile 3. Manually copy the key file to each of the remaining replicated servers. 4. On each replicated server, edit the WebSEAL configuration file to supply the correct path name to failover-cookies-keyfile in the [failover] stanza. Specify the cookie lifetime Edit the WebSEAL configuration file. Specify the valid lifetime for the failover cookie. [failover] failover-cookie-lifetime = 60 The default lifetime is 60 minutes. Specify UTF-8 encoding on cookie strings Edit the WebSEAL configuration file. Specify whether or not WebSEAL should use UTF-8 encoding on strings within the failover cookies. [failover] use-utf8 = yes The default value is yes. UTF-8 should be used when user names or credential attributes in the cookie are not encoded in the same code page as the one that the WebSEAL server is using. By default, WebSEAL servers use UTF-8 encoding. When all WebSEAL servers in the WebSEAL deployment use UTF-8 encoding, leave this value at the default setting of yes. Chapter 6. Authentication 175
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IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-bus
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Note Before using this information
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Silent configuration overview . . .
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Event capturing and logging . . . .
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Token authentication concepts . . .
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Configuring WebSEAL key database pa
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Preserving cookie names . . . . . .
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Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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xvi IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e
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This chapter introduces you to impo
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Web security information v IBM Tivo
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v Secure Sockets Layer Introduction
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The following documents associated
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Monospace Code examples, command li
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IBM Tivoli Access Manager WebSEAL:
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The access control list (ACL) An ac
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Note: Traditional applications bund
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v Authenticated clients access usin
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v A user makes a request for a reso
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A unified Web space simplifies the
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14 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-
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Server instance configuration This
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Table 1. WebSEAL instances sharing
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- When the Web document root is not
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-ssl_yn ssl_enable_yes_no -key_file
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Server instance configuration tasks
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Removing a server instance To remov
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Communication protocol configuratio
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Restricting connections from specif
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Cryptographic hardware for encrypti
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You can specify whether to enable F
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3. In the Open dialog window, selec
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Quality of protection levels You ca
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Configuring authorization database
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3. Change the settings for the data
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Multi-locale support with UTF-8 Thi
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WebSEAL generates logging and audit
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Configuring multi-locale support Co
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WebSEAL does not recognize UTF-8 en
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ackwards compatibility, the format
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Language System Directory English (
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Preventing vulnerability caused by
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Replicated front-end WebSEAL server
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The session cookie links to session
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Table 4. P3P default header values
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Table 6. Supported values for the c
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For each value specified for purpos
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example, when your compact policy s
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70 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-
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Server tasks Start a WebSEAL server
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Managing the Web space The followin
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You can configure the specific grap
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Parameter Description cache-type Sp
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HTTP data compression WebSEAL serve
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Compression policy in POPs You can
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HTTP error message pages When WebSE
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Filename Title Description HTTP Err
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Managing custom account management
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Macro Description %CERTAUTHN% Subst
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Backup and restore Tivoli Access Ma
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Problem determination tools for Web
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Logging WebSEAL serviceability mess
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Event capturing and logging You can
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In this example, none of the option
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Authentication event log output Aut
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Table 18. Authentication errors (co
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Log Files Location Parameter Enable
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Displaying referer.log The referer.
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WebSEAL-specific ACL policies The f
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Configuring three strikes login pol
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Configuring password strength polic
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Specific user and global settings T
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v token authentication v certificat
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The entry level = unauthenticated m
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Table 20. Example integer values fo
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Page 158 and 159: Overview of the authentication proc
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Page 170 and 171: Configuring multiple authentication
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Page 174 and 175: You can configure the username and
Page 176 and 177: Configuration conditions If forms a
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Page 180 and 181: Setting Description accept-client-c
Page 182 and 183: Thus, the default value for cert-ca
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Page 186 and 187: See also: v “Authentication metho
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Page 190 and 191: 2. WebSEAL returns an authenticatio
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Page 196 and 197: authenticates using forms authentic
Page 198 and 199: Administrators can configure WebSEA
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Page 204 and 205: Backwards compatibility WebSEAL ser
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Page 208 and 209: v When this value is no, and the se
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Page 216 and 217: Switch user authentication The WebS
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Page 228 and 229: Server-side request caching This se
Page 230 and 231: v “Modifying request-body-max-rea
Page 232 and 233: Configuring reauthentication based
Page 234 and 235: Extending the session cache entry l
Page 236 and 237: Configuring reauthentication based
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Page 242 and 243: Configuring post password change pr
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Page 248 and 249: Credential refresh This section con
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Credential refresh configuration To
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efresh can succeed. Likewise, when
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Managing client-side and server-sid
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At installation, WebSEAL uses the s
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Setting the maximum number of cache
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Windows desktop single sign-on This
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v Failover authentication The failo
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Each WebSEAL instance must have a s
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highly secure password, such as a r
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Note: The location of the kinit uti
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v When a problem occurs, consider e
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The link contains a special CDSSO m
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2. Edit /etc/nsswitch.conf so the h
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[authentication-mechanisms] sso-cre
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http://websealB/resource.html?PD-ID
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Each entry in the WebSEAL is assign
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e-community single sign-on E-commun
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A user who fails authentication wit
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4. After successful login, the MAS
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v The domain-specific cookie contai
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owser is Microsoft Internet Explore
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1. Enabling and disabling e-communi
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[e-community-domain-keys] dA.com =
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For example: [e-community-sso] vf-u
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[server] pre-510-compatible-tokens
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[ecsso-incoming-attributes] my_spec
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WebSEAL junctions overview You can
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Managing junctions with Web Portal
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Configuring a basic WebSEAL junctio
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Mutually authenticated SSL junction
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v It is highly recommended that you
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WebSEAL-to-WebSEAL junctions over S
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v “Processing URLs in requests”
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Modifying absolute URLs with script
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To solve this problem: 1. Always wr
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You must create the jmt.conf mappin
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Part 2: -j junctions modify Set-Coo
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Supplying client identity in HTTP h
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[junction] max-webseal-header-size
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ack-end server UUID to each front-e
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v Back-end server 2 is called APP2
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lcp_uri URI encoded local code page
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v Do not mark any certificate in th
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1. Copy query_contents.sh into a fu
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Typical output looks like: 100 inde
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314 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e
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Configuring BA headers for single s
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Forwarding original client BA heade
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Using global sign-on (GSO) Tivoli A
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Configuring a GSO-enabled WebSEAL j
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Configuring single sign-on to IBM W
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Configuring single sign-on forms au
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WebSEAL parses the HTML page to ide
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[loginpage1] login-page = /cgi-bin/
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It is not necessary to specify hidd
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Supporting CGI programming To suppo
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Supporting back-end server-side app
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v Short name of the server v IP add
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pdadmin> objectspace create /Resour
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A single user that logs in multiple
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346 IBM automatically with no user
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Note: If you use Web Portal Manager
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Object Space Entry URL Template /ow
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The following sample dynurl.conf fi
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The security policy To provide suit
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Overview of ADI retrieval The Tivol
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The resource-manager-provided-adi p
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Retrieving ADI from the user creden
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Dynamic ADI retrieval Rules can be
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Basic configuration Basic configura
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trace_verbose_get_entitlement If se
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Erandt_Securtities_Entitlements e
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http://ese.erant.com/attributes 1 U
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376 IBM v v /opt/pdwebars/protocol_
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Windows C:\Program Files\Tivoli\PDW
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including tracking CGI types, compi
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Stanza organization The remainder o
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Server configuration v [server] v [
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HTTP/1.1 connection timeout, in sec
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Location of the file that contains
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Enable or disable support for UTF-8
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Specifies how WebSEAL responds to r
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Host name of the LDAP server. The W
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cache-group-expire-time = number_of
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String that specifies the key label
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Active Directory [uraf-ad] stanza a
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ind-pwd = admin_password Encoded ad
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LDAP port number for the Lotus Domi
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Secure Socket Layer [ssl] stanza we
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Disables support for SSL Version 2.
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Port number for communication with
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Indicates whether automatic refresh
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Authentication methods [ba] stanza
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Specifies how to handle certificate
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Step-up authentication levels. WebS
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Fully qualified path for a library
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failover-certificate = fully_qualif
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Authentication failover v [failover
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List of attributes from the origina
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Cross-domain single sign-on v [cdss
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attribute_pattern = {preserve|refre
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Integer value specifying the port n
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File names for keys for any domains
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List of string values to specify th
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Integer value for lifetime, in seco
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Content This section contains the f
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Specifies how standard WebSEAL HTML
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Page containing a change password f
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Automatic redirect v [acnt-mgt] v [
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List containing system environment
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Relative path name to a graphics fi
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Content compression v [compress-mim
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Content encodings [content-encoding
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Junction management [junction] stan
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Positive integer value indicating t
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Document filtering [filter-url] sta
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Scheme filtering [filter-schemes] s
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Script filtering v [script-filterin
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Credential refresh [credential-refr
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Integer value that specifies the ti
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Integer value that specifies the ti
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Enables or disables the requests lo
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Auditing [aznapi-configuration] sta
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Specifies event logging for the spe
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The maximum size of the in-memory p
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Policy server v [policy-director] v
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Specifies the type of access the us
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v state Mechanisms for maintaining
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Specifies the purpose of the inform
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Specifies the recipients of the inf
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For example, if the configured name
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-p port TCP port of the back-end th
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IBM may use or distribute any of th
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asic authentication configuring 145
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F failover authentication configura
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key management (continued) managing
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eauthentication (continued) based o
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User Registry Adapter Framework (UR
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