IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-business: WebSEAL Administration ...

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cookie. By using the cookie, the WebSEAL server does not need to prompt the client for login information, but instead can establish a session with the client and construct a valid set of user credentials. Configuration instructions: v “Enable domain-wide failover cookies” on page 179 Backwards compatibility Failover cookies generated by Version 5.1 WebSEAL servers can be understood and read (consumed) by WebSEAL servers from versions prior to Version 5.1 . Likewise, failover cookies generated by older (pre-Version 5.1) WebSEAL servers can be understood and read (consumed) by Version 5.1 WebSEAL servers. CDAS modules written to customize failover cookies for older (pre-Version 5.1) WebSEAL servers will work with Version 5.1 WebSEAL servers. To ensure complete backwards compatibility, the following features are provided: v WebSEAL can be configured to authenticate a user based on failover cookie contents when the session lifetime timestamp is not present. The session lifetime timestamp is not present in failover authentication cookies prior to Version 5.1. v WebSEAL can be configured to authenticate a user based on failover cookie contents when the session inactivity timestamp is not present. The session inactivity timestamp is not present in failover authentication cookies prior to Version 5.1. v The algorithm used to encrypt client data in failover authentication cookies was updated for Version 4.1 of WebSEAL. When using WebSEAL servers with versions of WebSEAL prior to Version 4.1, a configuration file setting can be set to enable access to the older-style cookies. v WebSEAL can be configured to not use UTF-8 encoding on strings in the failover cookie. By not using UTF-8 encoding for cookies created on Version 5.1 WebSEAL servers, the cookies can be understood and read (consumed) by older (pre-Version 5.1) WebSEAL servers. Configuration instructions: v “Require validation of a lifetime timestamp” on page 179 v “Require validation of an activity timestamp” on page 180 v “Enable backwards compatibility for encryption prior to Version 4.1” on page 180 v “Specify UTF-8 encoding on cookie strings” on page 175 Upgrading failover authentication In the WebSEAL configuration file, the [failover-add-attributes] and [failover-restore-attributes] stanzas replace the pre-Version 5.1 stanza [failover-attributes]. During an upgrade from Tivoli Access Manager Version 4.1 to the current Tivoli Access Manager version, the stanza [failover-attributes] and its contents are migrated to the [failover-add-attributes] stanza. The upgrade is automated, and takes place when WebSEAL is installed. There is no need for manual updating of these entries. 172 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-business: WebSEAL Administration Guide
Failover authentication configuration This section describes how to configure failover authentication. If you are not familiar with failover authentication concepts, review “Failover authentication concepts” on page 166. To configure failover authentication, complete the following tasks: 1. Stop the WebSEAL server. 2. To enable failover authentication, complete each of the following tasks: a. “Specify the protocol for failover cookie” on page 174 b. “Specify the failover authentication library” on page 174 c. “Create an encryption key for cookie data” on page 175 d. “Specify the cookie lifetime” on page 175 e. “Specify UTF-8 encoding on cookie strings” on page 175 3. Optionally, you can configure WebSEAL to maintain session state across failover authentication sessions. If this is appropriate for your deployment, complete the following instructions: a. “Add the session lifetime timestamp” on page 176 b. “Add the session activity timestamp” on page 176 c. “Add an interval for updating the activity timestamp” on page 177 4. Optionally, you can configure WebSEAL to add extended attributes or authentication level to the failover cookie: v “Add extended attributes” on page 177 v “Specify the authentication level attribute after failover authentication” on page 178 5. When you have configured WebSEAL to add attributes to the failover cookie, you must configure WebSEAL to extract the attributes when reading the cookie: v “Specify attributes for extraction” on page 178 6. Optionally, you can enable failover authentication cookies for use on any WebSEAL server within the domain. If this is appropriate for your deployment, see v “Enable domain-wide failover cookies” on page 179 7. If you need to maintain backwards compatibility with failover authentication cookies generated by WebSEAL servers from versions prior to Version 5.1, complete the following instructions: a. “Specify UTF-8 encoding on cookie strings” on page 175 b. “Require validation of a lifetime timestamp” on page 179 c. “Require validation of an activity timestamp” on page 180 d. “Enable backwards compatibility for encryption prior to Version 4.1” on page 180 e. “Enable backwards compatibility for Version 4.1 cookies” on page 181 8. After completing all the instructions applicable to your deployment, restart the WebSEAL server. WebSEAL configuration file references: v “Authentication failover” on page 424 v “Authentication methods” on page 414 v “Authentication libraries” on page 419 Chapter 6. Authentication 173
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IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-bus
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Note Before using this information
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Silent configuration overview . . .
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Event capturing and logging . . . .
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Token authentication concepts . . .
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Configuring WebSEAL key database pa
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Preserving cookie names . . . . . .
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Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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xvi IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e
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This chapter introduces you to impo
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Web security information v IBM Tivo
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v Secure Sockets Layer Introduction
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The following documents associated
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Monospace Code examples, command li
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IBM Tivoli Access Manager WebSEAL:
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The access control list (ACL) An ac
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Note: Traditional applications bund
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v Authenticated clients access usin
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v A user makes a request for a reso
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A unified Web space simplifies the
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14 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-
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Server instance configuration This
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Table 1. WebSEAL instances sharing
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- When the Web document root is not
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-ssl_yn ssl_enable_yes_no -key_file
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Server instance configuration tasks
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Removing a server instance To remov
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Communication protocol configuratio
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Restricting connections from specif
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Cryptographic hardware for encrypti
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You can specify whether to enable F
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3. In the Open dialog window, selec
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Quality of protection levels You ca
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Configuring authorization database
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3. Change the settings for the data
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Multi-locale support with UTF-8 Thi
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WebSEAL generates logging and audit
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Configuring multi-locale support Co
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WebSEAL does not recognize UTF-8 en
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ackwards compatibility, the format
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Language System Directory English (
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Preventing vulnerability caused by
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Replicated front-end WebSEAL server
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The session cookie links to session
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Table 4. P3P default header values
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Table 6. Supported values for the c
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For each value specified for purpos
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example, when your compact policy s
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70 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-
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Server tasks Start a WebSEAL server
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Managing the Web space The followin
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You can configure the specific grap
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Parameter Description cache-type Sp
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HTTP data compression WebSEAL serve
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Compression policy in POPs You can
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HTTP error message pages When WebSE
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Filename Title Description HTTP Err
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Managing custom account management
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Macro Description %CERTAUTHN% Subst
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Backup and restore Tivoli Access Ma
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Problem determination tools for Web
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Logging WebSEAL serviceability mess
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Event capturing and logging You can
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In this example, none of the option
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Authentication event log output Aut
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Table 18. Authentication errors (co
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Log Files Location Parameter Enable
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Displaying referer.log The referer.
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WebSEAL-specific ACL policies The f
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Configuring three strikes login pol
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Configuring password strength polic
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Specific user and global settings T
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v token authentication v certificat
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The entry level = unauthenticated m
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Page 158 and 159: Overview of the authentication proc
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Page 170 and 171: Configuring multiple authentication
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Page 176 and 177: Configuration conditions If forms a
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Page 180 and 181: Setting Description accept-client-c
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Page 186 and 187: See also: v “Authentication metho
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Page 190 and 191: 2. WebSEAL returns an authenticatio
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Page 208 and 209: v When this value is no, and the se
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Page 216 and 217: Switch user authentication The WebS
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Page 228 and 229: Server-side request caching This se
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Page 232 and 233: Configuring reauthentication based
Page 234 and 235: Extending the session cache entry l
Page 236 and 237: Configuring reauthentication based
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Page 242 and 243: Configuring post password change pr
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The default lifetime of data in the
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Credential refresh configuration To
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efresh can succeed. Likewise, when
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Managing client-side and server-sid
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At installation, WebSEAL uses the s
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Setting the maximum number of cache
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Windows desktop single sign-on This
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v Failover authentication The failo
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Each WebSEAL instance must have a s
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highly secure password, such as a r
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Note: The location of the kinit uti
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v When a problem occurs, consider e
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The link contains a special CDSSO m
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2. Edit /etc/nsswitch.conf so the h
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[authentication-mechanisms] sso-cre
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http://websealB/resource.html?PD-ID
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Each entry in the WebSEAL is assign
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e-community single sign-on E-commun
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A user who fails authentication wit
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4. After successful login, the MAS
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v The domain-specific cookie contai
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owser is Microsoft Internet Explore
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1. Enabling and disabling e-communi
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[e-community-domain-keys] dA.com =
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For example: [e-community-sso] vf-u
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[server] pre-510-compatible-tokens
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[ecsso-incoming-attributes] my_spec
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WebSEAL junctions overview You can
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Managing junctions with Web Portal
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Configuring a basic WebSEAL junctio
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Mutually authenticated SSL junction
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v It is highly recommended that you
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WebSEAL-to-WebSEAL junctions over S
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v “Processing URLs in requests”
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Modifying absolute URLs with script
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To solve this problem: 1. Always wr
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You must create the jmt.conf mappin
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Part 2: -j junctions modify Set-Coo
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Supplying client identity in HTTP h
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[junction] max-webseal-header-size
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ack-end server UUID to each front-e
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v Back-end server 2 is called APP2
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lcp_uri URI encoded local code page
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v Do not mark any certificate in th
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1. Copy query_contents.sh into a fu
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Typical output looks like: 100 inde
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314 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e
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Configuring BA headers for single s
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Forwarding original client BA heade
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Using global sign-on (GSO) Tivoli A
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Configuring a GSO-enabled WebSEAL j
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Configuring single sign-on to IBM W
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Configuring single sign-on forms au
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WebSEAL parses the HTML page to ide
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[loginpage1] login-page = /cgi-bin/
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It is not necessary to specify hidd
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Supporting CGI programming To suppo
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Supporting back-end server-side app
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v Short name of the server v IP add
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pdadmin> objectspace create /Resour
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A single user that logs in multiple
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346 IBM automatically with no user
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Note: If you use Web Portal Manager
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Object Space Entry URL Template /ow
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The following sample dynurl.conf fi
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The security policy To provide suit
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Overview of ADI retrieval The Tivol
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The resource-manager-provided-adi p
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Retrieving ADI from the user creden
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Dynamic ADI retrieval Rules can be
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Basic configuration Basic configura
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trace_verbose_get_entitlement If se
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Erandt_Securtities_Entitlements e
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http://ese.erant.com/attributes 1 U
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376 IBM v v /opt/pdwebars/protocol_
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Windows C:\Program Files\Tivoli\PDW
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including tracking CGI types, compi
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Stanza organization The remainder o
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Server configuration v [server] v [
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HTTP/1.1 connection timeout, in sec
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Location of the file that contains
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Enable or disable support for UTF-8
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Specifies how WebSEAL responds to r
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Host name of the LDAP server. The W
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cache-group-expire-time = number_of
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String that specifies the key label
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Active Directory [uraf-ad] stanza a
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ind-pwd = admin_password Encoded ad
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LDAP port number for the Lotus Domi
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Secure Socket Layer [ssl] stanza we
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Disables support for SSL Version 2.
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Port number for communication with
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Indicates whether automatic refresh
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Authentication methods [ba] stanza
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Specifies how to handle certificate
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Step-up authentication levels. WebS
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Fully qualified path for a library
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failover-certificate = fully_qualif
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Authentication failover v [failover
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List of attributes from the origina
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Cross-domain single sign-on v [cdss
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attribute_pattern = {preserve|refre
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Integer value specifying the port n
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File names for keys for any domains
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List of string values to specify th
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Integer value for lifetime, in seco
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Content This section contains the f
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Specifies how standard WebSEAL HTML
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Page containing a change password f
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Automatic redirect v [acnt-mgt] v [
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List containing system environment
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Relative path name to a graphics fi
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Content compression v [compress-mim
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Content encodings [content-encoding
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Junction management [junction] stan
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Positive integer value indicating t
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Document filtering [filter-url] sta
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Scheme filtering [filter-schemes] s
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Script filtering v [script-filterin
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Credential refresh [credential-refr
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Integer value that specifies the ti
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Integer value that specifies the ti
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Enables or disables the requests lo
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Auditing [aznapi-configuration] sta
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Specifies event logging for the spe
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The maximum size of the in-memory p
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Policy server v [policy-director] v
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Specifies the type of access the us
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v state Mechanisms for maintaining
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Specifies the purpose of the inform
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Specifies the recipients of the inf
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For example, if the configured name
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-p port TCP port of the back-end th
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IBM may use or distribute any of th
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asic authentication configuring 145
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F failover authentication configura
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key management (continued) managing
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eauthentication (continued) based o
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User Registry Adapter Framework (UR
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