IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-business: WebSEAL Administration ...

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Token authentication Tivoli Access Manager supports authentication using a token passcode supplied by the client. This section contains the following topics: v “Token authentication concepts” v “Token authentication configuration” on page 162 Token authentication concepts This section contains the following topics: v “Token authentication library” v “SecurID Token authentication” v “Authentication workflow for tokens in new PIN mode” on page 161 v “Using token authentication with a password strength server” on page 162 v “RSA SecurID client does not support Linux for zSeries” on page 162 Token authentication library Two-factor authentication requires users to provide two forms of identification. For example, a single factor of identification, such as a password, plus a second factor in the form of an authentication token. A simple two-factor method --- based on something the user knows plus something the user possesses -- provides a more reliable level of user authentication than reusable passwords. Tivoli Access Manager provides a built-in two-factor authentication library, xtokenauth, that is a client of the RSA SecurID token authentication server (ACE/Server) and is written against the RSA Authorization API. WebSEAL provides RSA token authentication client (ACE/Agent) functions, and is certified as SecurID Ready. By default, this built-in shared library for token authentication is hard-coded to map SecurID (RSA) token passcode data. This default token authentication mechanism expects the user name used by the client to map to an existing user account in the Tivoli Access Manager LDAP registry. Note: You can also customize this library file to authenticate other types of special token data and, optionally, map this data to a Tivoli Access Manager identity. Refer to the IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-business Web Security Developer Referencefor more information. SecurID Token authentication The WebSEAL token authentication process requires the RSA SecurID client, installed and configured on the WebSEAL server machine, to communicate with a remote RSA server. The supported SecurID client version is 5.1. RSA’s ACE/Servers authenticate several different tokens, including software tokens and hand-held microprocessor-controlled devices. SecurID Software Tokens are binary programs running on a workstation, installed on a smart-card, or running as a plug-in to a Web browser. SecurID Software Tokens can run as an application. The application displays a window into which a user enters a Personal Identification Number (PIN), and the Software Token computes the passcode. The user can then authenticate to WebSEAL by entering the passcode into a login form. 160 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-business: WebSEAL Administration Guide
The most typical form of SecurID Token is the hand-held device. The device is usually a key fob or slim card. The token can have a PIN pad, onto which a user enters a PIN, in order to generate a passcode. When the token has no PIN pad, the passcode is created by concatenating the user’s PIN and tokencode. A tokencode is changing number displayed on the key fob. The tokencode is a number generated by the SecurID token at one minute intervals. A user then enters the PIN and tokencode to authenticate to the ACE/Server. WebSEAL supports both RSA token modes: v Next tokencode mode This mode is used when the user enters the correct PIN but an incorrect tokencode. Typically, the tokencode must be entered incorrectly three times in a row to send the tokencard into next tokencode mode. When the user inputs the correct passcode, the tokencode is automatically changed. The user waits for the new tokencode, and then enters the passcode again. v New PIN mode The token can be in New PIN mode when the old PIN is still assigned. The token is placed in this mode when the administrator wants to enforce a maximum password age policy. The token is also in New PIN mode when the PIN is cleared or has not been assigned. Newly assigned tokens might not yet have a PIN. A PIN can be cleared by an administrator when the user has forgotten it or suspects that it has been compromised. SecurID PINs can be created in different ways: v User-defined v System-generated v User-selectable PINs modes are defined by the method of creation, and by rules that specify parameters for password creation and device type. WebSEAL supports the following types of user-defined PINs: v 4-8 alphanumeric characters, non-PINPAD token v 4-8 alphanumeric characters, password v 5–7 numeric characters, non-PINPAD token v 5-7 numeric characters, PINPAD token v 5-7 numeric characters, Deny 4-digit PIN v 5-7 numeric characters, Deny alphanumeric WebSEAL does not support the following types of new PINs: v System-generated, non-PINPAD token v System-generated, PINPAD token v User-selectable, non-PINPAD token v User-selectable, PINPAD token Token users cannot reset their PIN without an ACE administrator first clearing the token or putting it in new PIN mode. This means users with valid PINs cannot post to pkmspassword.form. Attempts to access this form return an error message. Authentication workflow for tokens in new PIN mode 1. A client (browser) requests a protected Web object requiring token authentication. Chapter 6. Authentication 161
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IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-bus
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Note Before using this information
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Silent configuration overview . . .
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Event capturing and logging . . . .
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Token authentication concepts . . .
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Configuring WebSEAL key database pa
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Preserving cookie names . . . . . .
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Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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xvi IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e
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This chapter introduces you to impo
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Web security information v IBM Tivo
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v Secure Sockets Layer Introduction
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The following documents associated
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Monospace Code examples, command li
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IBM Tivoli Access Manager WebSEAL:
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The access control list (ACL) An ac
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Note: Traditional applications bund
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v Authenticated clients access usin
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v A user makes a request for a reso
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A unified Web space simplifies the
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14 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-
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Server instance configuration This
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Table 1. WebSEAL instances sharing
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- When the Web document root is not
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-ssl_yn ssl_enable_yes_no -key_file
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Server instance configuration tasks
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Removing a server instance To remov
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Communication protocol configuratio
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Restricting connections from specif
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Cryptographic hardware for encrypti
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You can specify whether to enable F
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3. In the Open dialog window, selec
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Quality of protection levels You ca
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Configuring authorization database
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3. Change the settings for the data
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Multi-locale support with UTF-8 Thi
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WebSEAL generates logging and audit
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Configuring multi-locale support Co
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WebSEAL does not recognize UTF-8 en
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ackwards compatibility, the format
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Language System Directory English (
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Preventing vulnerability caused by
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Replicated front-end WebSEAL server
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The session cookie links to session
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Table 4. P3P default header values
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Table 6. Supported values for the c
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For each value specified for purpos
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example, when your compact policy s
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70 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-
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Server tasks Start a WebSEAL server
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Managing the Web space The followin
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You can configure the specific grap
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Parameter Description cache-type Sp
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HTTP data compression WebSEAL serve
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Compression policy in POPs You can
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HTTP error message pages When WebSE
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Filename Title Description HTTP Err
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Managing custom account management
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Macro Description %CERTAUTHN% Subst
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Backup and restore Tivoli Access Ma
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Problem determination tools for Web
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Logging WebSEAL serviceability mess
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Event capturing and logging You can
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In this example, none of the option
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Authentication event log output Aut
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Table 18. Authentication errors (co
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Log Files Location Parameter Enable
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Displaying referer.log The referer.
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Page 158 and 159: Overview of the authentication proc
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Extending the session cache entry l
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Automatic redirection during user l
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Configuring post password change pr
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WebSEAL provides an external authen
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credattrs_email joeuser@bigco.com c
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Credential refresh This section con
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The default lifetime of data in the
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Credential refresh configuration To
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efresh can succeed. Likewise, when
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Managing client-side and server-sid
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At installation, WebSEAL uses the s
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Setting the maximum number of cache
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Windows desktop single sign-on This
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v Failover authentication The failo
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Each WebSEAL instance must have a s
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highly secure password, such as a r
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Note: The location of the kinit uti
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v When a problem occurs, consider e
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The link contains a special CDSSO m
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2. Edit /etc/nsswitch.conf so the h
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[authentication-mechanisms] sso-cre
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http://websealB/resource.html?PD-ID
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Each entry in the WebSEAL is assign
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e-community single sign-on E-commun
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A user who fails authentication wit
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4. After successful login, the MAS
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v The domain-specific cookie contai
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owser is Microsoft Internet Explore
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1. Enabling and disabling e-communi
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[e-community-domain-keys] dA.com =
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For example: [e-community-sso] vf-u
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[server] pre-510-compatible-tokens
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[ecsso-incoming-attributes] my_spec
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WebSEAL junctions overview You can
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Managing junctions with Web Portal
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Configuring a basic WebSEAL junctio
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Mutually authenticated SSL junction
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v It is highly recommended that you
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WebSEAL-to-WebSEAL junctions over S
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v “Processing URLs in requests”
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Modifying absolute URLs with script
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To solve this problem: 1. Always wr
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You must create the jmt.conf mappin
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Part 2: -j junctions modify Set-Coo
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Supplying client identity in HTTP h
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[junction] max-webseal-header-size
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ack-end server UUID to each front-e
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v Back-end server 2 is called APP2
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lcp_uri URI encoded local code page
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v Do not mark any certificate in th
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1. Copy query_contents.sh into a fu
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Typical output looks like: 100 inde
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Configuring BA headers for single s
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Forwarding original client BA heade
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Using global sign-on (GSO) Tivoli A
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Configuring a GSO-enabled WebSEAL j
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Configuring single sign-on to IBM W
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Configuring single sign-on forms au
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WebSEAL parses the HTML page to ide
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[loginpage1] login-page = /cgi-bin/
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It is not necessary to specify hidd
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Supporting CGI programming To suppo
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Supporting back-end server-side app
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v Short name of the server v IP add
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pdadmin> objectspace create /Resour
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A single user that logs in multiple
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Note: If you use Web Portal Manager
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Object Space Entry URL Template /ow
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The following sample dynurl.conf fi
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The security policy To provide suit
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Overview of ADI retrieval The Tivol
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The resource-manager-provided-adi p
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Retrieving ADI from the user creden
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Dynamic ADI retrieval Rules can be
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Basic configuration Basic configura
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trace_verbose_get_entitlement If se
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Erandt_Securtities_Entitlements e
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http://ese.erant.com/attributes 1 U
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376 IBM v v /opt/pdwebars/protocol_
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Windows C:\Program Files\Tivoli\PDW
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including tracking CGI types, compi
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Stanza organization The remainder o
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Server configuration v [server] v [
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HTTP/1.1 connection timeout, in sec
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Location of the file that contains
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Enable or disable support for UTF-8
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Specifies how WebSEAL responds to r
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Host name of the LDAP server. The W
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cache-group-expire-time = number_of
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String that specifies the key label
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Active Directory [uraf-ad] stanza a
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ind-pwd = admin_password Encoded ad
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LDAP port number for the Lotus Domi
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Secure Socket Layer [ssl] stanza we
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Disables support for SSL Version 2.
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Port number for communication with
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Indicates whether automatic refresh
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Authentication methods [ba] stanza
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Specifies how to handle certificate
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Step-up authentication levels. WebS
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Fully qualified path for a library
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failover-certificate = fully_qualif
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Authentication failover v [failover
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List of attributes from the origina
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Cross-domain single sign-on v [cdss
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attribute_pattern = {preserve|refre
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Integer value specifying the port n
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File names for keys for any domains
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List of string values to specify th
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Integer value for lifetime, in seco
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Content This section contains the f
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Specifies how standard WebSEAL HTML
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Page containing a change password f
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Automatic redirect v [acnt-mgt] v [
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List containing system environment
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Relative path name to a graphics fi
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Content compression v [compress-mim
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Content encodings [content-encoding
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Junction management [junction] stan
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Positive integer value indicating t
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Document filtering [filter-url] sta
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Scheme filtering [filter-schemes] s
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Script filtering v [script-filterin
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Credential refresh [credential-refr
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Integer value that specifies the ti
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Integer value that specifies the ti
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Enables or disables the requests lo
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Auditing [aznapi-configuration] sta
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Specifies event logging for the spe
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The maximum size of the in-memory p
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Policy server v [policy-director] v
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Specifies the type of access the us
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v state Mechanisms for maintaining
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Specifies the purpose of the inform
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Specifies the recipients of the inf
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For example, if the configured name
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-p port TCP port of the back-end th
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IBM may use or distribute any of th
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asic authentication configuring 145
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F failover authentication configura
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key management (continued) managing
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eauthentication (continued) based o
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User Registry Adapter Framework (UR
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