IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-business: WebSEAL Administration ...

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HTTP header authentication Tivoli Access Manager WebSEAL provides an authentication module that authenticates users based on information obtained from custom HTTP header information supplied by the client or a proxy agent. This module consists of a mapping function that maps header data to a Tivoli Access Manager identity. WebSEAL trusts that this custom HTTP header data is the result of previous authentication. The WebSEAL authentication module is built specifically to map data obtained from Entrust Proxy headers. When you enable HTTP header authentication using the built-in authentication module, you should disable all other authentication methods. You should accept connections only from the Entrust Proxy. The disabling of other authentication methods eliminates methods that could be used to impersonate custom HTTP header data. You can optionally customize the HTTP header authentication module to authenticate other types of special header data and, optionally, map this data to a Tivoli Access Manager identity. For information on customizing authentication modules, see the IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-business Web Security Developer Reference. Usage notes: v Session ID cookies are not used to maintain state when ssl-id-sessions = no. The unique header value is used to maintain state. v When a client encounters an authorization failure, the client receives a ″Forbidden″ page (HTTP 403). v Cookie headers cannot be passed to the HTTP header authentication mechanism. This section contains the following configuration instructions: v “Enable HTTP header authentication” v “Specify header types” on page 157 v “Specify the HTTP header authentication mechanism” on page 157 v “Disable HTTP header authentication” on page 158 Enable HTTP header authentication HTTP header authentication is disabled by default. To enable HTTP header authentication: 1. Stop the WebSEAL server. 2. Edit the WebSEAL configuration file. In the [http-headers] stanza, specify the protocols to support in your network environment. The protocols are shown in the following table. Table 26. Enabling HTTP header authentication Protocol to support Configuration file entry HTTP http-headers-auth = http HTTPS http-headers-auth = https Both HTTP and HTTPS http-headers-auth = both For example, to support both protocols: [http-headers] http-headers-auth = both 156 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-business: WebSEAL Administration Guide
3. Restart the WebSEAL server. Specify header types The HTTP header types that WebSEAL supports are specified in the [auth-headers] stanza of the WebSEAL configuration file. By default, the built-in shared library is hard-coded to support only Entrust Proxy header data. Thus the only configuration file entry is: [auth-headers] header = entrust-client You can modify the HTTP header authentication module library to support other header types. To do this, you must replace the existing library with your own implementation of it. For more information on writing your own authentication modules, see IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-business Web Security Developer Reference. When you write your own authentication module to support other header types, add an entry to the configuration file for each additional supported type: [auth-headers] header = header_name Note: WebSEAL processes only the first header it finds in the user request that matches any one of the values configured in the [auth-headers] stanza. The HTTP header authentication mechanism is not designed to handle more than one HTTP header in a request. Specify the HTTP header authentication mechanism To specify a HTTP header authentication mechanism, complete the following steps: 1. Verify that HTTP header authentication is enabled. See “Enable HTTP header authentication” on page 156. 2. Edit the WebSEAL configuration file. In the [authentication-mechanisms] stanza, specify the appropriate HTTP header authentication built-in shared library as the value for the http-request key: Table 27. HTTP header authentication shared libraries Operating system Shared library Solaris libhttpauthn.so AIX libhttpauthn.a HPUX libhttpauthn.sl Linux libhttpauthn.so Windows httpauthn.dll For example, on a Solaris system: [authentication-mechanisms] http-request = libhttpauthn.so 3. By default, authentication information provided within the HTTP header is assumed to be encoded in the local code page. To specify that the HTTP header is encoded in UTF-8, add an option to the authentication mechanism declaration. For example, on a Solaris system: [authentication-mechanisms] http-request = libhttpauthn.so & utf8 Chapter 6. Authentication 157
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IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-bus
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Note Before using this information
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Silent configuration overview . . .
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Event capturing and logging . . . .
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Token authentication concepts . . .
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Configuring WebSEAL key database pa
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Preserving cookie names . . . . . .
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Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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xvi IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e
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This chapter introduces you to impo
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Web security information v IBM Tivo
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v Secure Sockets Layer Introduction
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The following documents associated
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Monospace Code examples, command li
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IBM Tivoli Access Manager WebSEAL:
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The access control list (ACL) An ac
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Note: Traditional applications bund
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v Authenticated clients access usin
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v A user makes a request for a reso
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A unified Web space simplifies the
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14 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-
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Server instance configuration This
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Table 1. WebSEAL instances sharing
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- When the Web document root is not
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-ssl_yn ssl_enable_yes_no -key_file
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Server instance configuration tasks
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Removing a server instance To remov
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Communication protocol configuratio
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Restricting connections from specif
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Cryptographic hardware for encrypti
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You can specify whether to enable F
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3. In the Open dialog window, selec
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Quality of protection levels You ca
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Configuring authorization database
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3. Change the settings for the data
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Multi-locale support with UTF-8 Thi
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WebSEAL generates logging and audit
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Configuring multi-locale support Co
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WebSEAL does not recognize UTF-8 en
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ackwards compatibility, the format
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Language System Directory English (
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Preventing vulnerability caused by
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Replicated front-end WebSEAL server
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The session cookie links to session
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Table 4. P3P default header values
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Table 6. Supported values for the c
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For each value specified for purpos
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example, when your compact policy s
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70 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-
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Server tasks Start a WebSEAL server
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Managing the Web space The followin
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You can configure the specific grap
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Parameter Description cache-type Sp
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HTTP data compression WebSEAL serve
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Compression policy in POPs You can
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HTTP error message pages When WebSE
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Filename Title Description HTTP Err
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Managing custom account management
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Macro Description %CERTAUTHN% Subst
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Backup and restore Tivoli Access Ma
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Problem determination tools for Web
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Logging WebSEAL serviceability mess
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Event capturing and logging You can
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In this example, none of the option
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Authentication event log output Aut
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Table 18. Authentication errors (co
Page 134 and 135: Log Files Location Parameter Enable
Page 136 and 137: Displaying referer.log The referer.
Page 138 and 139: WebSEAL-specific ACL policies The f
Page 140 and 141: Configuring three strikes login pol
Page 142 and 143: Configuring password strength polic
Page 144 and 145: Specific user and global settings T
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Page 158 and 159: Overview of the authentication proc
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Page 164 and 165: eauthenticating the user. WebSEAL u
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Page 168 and 169: Authentication configuration overvi
Page 170 and 171: Configuring multiple authentication
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Page 174 and 175: You can configure the username and
Page 176 and 177: Configuration conditions If forms a
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Page 180 and 181: Setting Description accept-client-c
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Page 190 and 191: 2. WebSEAL returns an authenticatio
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Page 200 and 201: cookie. By using the cookie, the We
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Page 204 and 205: Backwards compatibility WebSEAL ser
Page 206 and 207: [failover-add-attributes] attribute
Page 208 and 209: v When this value is no, and the se
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Page 216 and 217: Switch user authentication The WebS
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Page 228 and 229: Server-side request caching This se
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Page 232 and 233: Configuring reauthentication based
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Extending the session cache entry l
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Configuring reauthentication based
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Extending the session cache entry l
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Automatic redirection during user l
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Configuring post password change pr
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WebSEAL provides an external authen
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credattrs_email joeuser@bigco.com c
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Credential refresh This section con
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The default lifetime of data in the
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Credential refresh configuration To
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efresh can succeed. Likewise, when
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Managing client-side and server-sid
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At installation, WebSEAL uses the s
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Setting the maximum number of cache
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Windows desktop single sign-on This
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v Failover authentication The failo
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Each WebSEAL instance must have a s
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highly secure password, such as a r
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Note: The location of the kinit uti
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v When a problem occurs, consider e
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The link contains a special CDSSO m
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2. Edit /etc/nsswitch.conf so the h
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[authentication-mechanisms] sso-cre
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http://websealB/resource.html?PD-ID
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Each entry in the WebSEAL is assign
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e-community single sign-on E-commun
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A user who fails authentication wit
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4. After successful login, the MAS
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v The domain-specific cookie contai
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owser is Microsoft Internet Explore
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1. Enabling and disabling e-communi
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[e-community-domain-keys] dA.com =
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For example: [e-community-sso] vf-u
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[server] pre-510-compatible-tokens
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[ecsso-incoming-attributes] my_spec
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WebSEAL junctions overview You can
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Managing junctions with Web Portal
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Configuring a basic WebSEAL junctio
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Mutually authenticated SSL junction
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v It is highly recommended that you
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WebSEAL-to-WebSEAL junctions over S
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v “Processing URLs in requests”
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Modifying absolute URLs with script
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To solve this problem: 1. Always wr
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You must create the jmt.conf mappin
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Part 2: -j junctions modify Set-Coo
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Supplying client identity in HTTP h
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[junction] max-webseal-header-size
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ack-end server UUID to each front-e
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v Back-end server 2 is called APP2
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lcp_uri URI encoded local code page
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v Do not mark any certificate in th
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1. Copy query_contents.sh into a fu
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Typical output looks like: 100 inde
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Configuring BA headers for single s
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Forwarding original client BA heade
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Using global sign-on (GSO) Tivoli A
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Configuring a GSO-enabled WebSEAL j
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Configuring single sign-on to IBM W
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Configuring single sign-on forms au
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WebSEAL parses the HTML page to ide
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[loginpage1] login-page = /cgi-bin/
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It is not necessary to specify hidd
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Supporting CGI programming To suppo
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Supporting back-end server-side app
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v Short name of the server v IP add
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pdadmin> objectspace create /Resour
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A single user that logs in multiple
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346 IBM automatically with no user
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Note: If you use Web Portal Manager
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Object Space Entry URL Template /ow
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The following sample dynurl.conf fi
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The security policy To provide suit
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Overview of ADI retrieval The Tivol
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The resource-manager-provided-adi p
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Retrieving ADI from the user creden
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Dynamic ADI retrieval Rules can be
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Basic configuration Basic configura
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trace_verbose_get_entitlement If se
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Erandt_Securtities_Entitlements e
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http://ese.erant.com/attributes 1 U
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376 IBM v v /opt/pdwebars/protocol_
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Windows C:\Program Files\Tivoli\PDW
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including tracking CGI types, compi
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Stanza organization The remainder o
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Server configuration v [server] v [
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HTTP/1.1 connection timeout, in sec
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Location of the file that contains
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Enable or disable support for UTF-8
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Specifies how WebSEAL responds to r
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Host name of the LDAP server. The W
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cache-group-expire-time = number_of
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String that specifies the key label
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Active Directory [uraf-ad] stanza a
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ind-pwd = admin_password Encoded ad
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LDAP port number for the Lotus Domi
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Secure Socket Layer [ssl] stanza we
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Disables support for SSL Version 2.
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Port number for communication with
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Indicates whether automatic refresh
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Authentication methods [ba] stanza
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Specifies how to handle certificate
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Step-up authentication levels. WebS
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Fully qualified path for a library
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failover-certificate = fully_qualif
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Authentication failover v [failover
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List of attributes from the origina
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Cross-domain single sign-on v [cdss
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attribute_pattern = {preserve|refre
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Integer value specifying the port n
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File names for keys for any domains
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List of string values to specify th
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Integer value for lifetime, in seco
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Content This section contains the f
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Specifies how standard WebSEAL HTML
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Page containing a change password f
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Automatic redirect v [acnt-mgt] v [
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List containing system environment
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Relative path name to a graphics fi
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Content compression v [compress-mim
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Content encodings [content-encoding
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Junction management [junction] stan
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Positive integer value indicating t
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Document filtering [filter-url] sta
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Scheme filtering [filter-schemes] s
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Script filtering v [script-filterin
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Credential refresh [credential-refr
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Integer value that specifies the ti
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Integer value that specifies the ti
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Enables or disables the requests lo
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Auditing [aznapi-configuration] sta
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Specifies event logging for the spe
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The maximum size of the in-memory p
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Policy server v [policy-director] v
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Specifies the type of access the us
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v state Mechanisms for maintaining
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Specifies the purpose of the inform
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Specifies the recipients of the inf
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For example, if the configured name
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-p port TCP port of the back-end th
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IBM may use or distribute any of th
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asic authentication configuring 145
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F failover authentication configura
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key management (continued) managing
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eauthentication (continued) based o
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User Registry Adapter Framework (UR
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