IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-business: WebSEAL Administration ...

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If the security policy does require certificate authentication, WebSEAL requests the client certificate. In this mode, the SSL ID cannot be used to track user session activity, because the SSL session will be renegotiated when there is a need to authenticate with certificates. When certificate authentication takes place, WebSEAL adds the SSL ID for the current session into the Certificate SSL ID (renegotiation) cache. Delayed certificate authentication is used in two scenarios, based on the user’s authentication status at the time that WebSEAL requests the client certificate. In both scenarios, a client can have an unlimited number of exchanges with the WebSEAL server prior to establishing a need to authenticate using certificates. The two scenarios are: v User is unauthenticated In this scenario, the client remains unauthenticated because the client does not attempt to access any resources that require any authentication. When the client eventually attempts to access a resource that requires authentication because of an ACL, WebSEAL presents a certificate login page, and the client can initiate certificate transfer. WebSEAL retains the entry in the session cache for the unauthenticated user, but obtains a new SSL ID from GSKit. When the user successfully authenticates, WebSEAL replaces the old unauthenticated user credentials from the session cache data with the new user credentials. The user is now authenticated, and able to request access over HTTPS to resources that require authentication. v User has previously authenticated using another authentication method In this scenario, the client was required to authenticate to Tivoli Access Manager during the previous exchanges with WebSEAL. The previous authentication took place through a different authentication method, such as forms authentication or token authentication. The client eventually attempts to access a resource that is protected by a protected object policy (POP) that requires client-side certificate authentication in order to access the resource. WebSEAL examines the current WebSEAL authentication strength policy to determine the ranking of the enabled authentication methods. The authentication strength policy ranks the methods in a hierarchy from weakest to strongest. When certificate authentication is ranked stronger than the client’s current authentication method, WebSEAL serves to the client to a login page with a form for certificate authentication. When the client successfully authenticates using a certificate, the client’s authentication strength level is increased for the duration of the current session. WebSEAL retains the user’s entry in the session cache, but obtains a new SSL ID from GSKit. WebSEAL modifies the user data in the user entry, by replacing the old user credentials (which were based the user’s previous authentication method) with the new user credentials. WebSEAL’s authentication strength feature enables a user to move between different authentication levels during a session. Certificate authentication is one of the authentication levels that can be entered when a user needs to increase (step-up) authentication level in order to access protected object resources. To enable a user to move up to a certificate authentication level, administrators must modify the WebSEAL configuration file to include certificate authentication in the list of supported levels for authentication strength. For authentication strength configuration instructions,“Authentication strength policy” on page 117. 150 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-business: WebSEAL Administration Guide
Certificate authentication configuration All of the certificate authentication modes share a common set of configuration tasks. The delayed certificate authentication mode requires additional tasks. To enable client-side certificate authentication in any of the supported modes, complete the following tasks: 1. “Enable certificate authentication” 2. “Specify the certificate authentication mechanism” on page 152 3. “Specify the certificate login form” on page 152 4. “Specify the certificate login error page” on page 153 When enabling delayed certificate authentication mode, complete the following additional tasks: 1. “Disable SSL session IDs for session tracking” on page 153 2. “Enable and configure the Certificate SSL ID cache” on page 153 3. “Set the timeout for Certificate SSL ID cache” on page 154 4. “Specify an error page for incorrect protocol” on page 154 Note: The WebSEAL server must be stopped and restarted to activate the new configuration settings. To disable (unconfigure) client-side certificate authentication, complete the following tasks: v “Disable certificate authentication” on page 155 v “Disable the Certificate SSL ID cache” on page 155 The WebSEAL configuration file settings for certificate authentication are summarized in the following references: v “Authentication methods” on page 414 v “Authentication libraries” on page 419 v “Account management” on page 443 Enable certificate authentication Certificate-based authentication is disabled by default. To enable certificate authentication: 1. Edit the WebSEAL configuration file. In the [certificate] stanza, specify a value that instructs WebSEAL how to handle client certificate authentication requests: Setting Description accept-client-certs = optional Client can optionally use certificate-based authentication. WebSEAL asks clients for an X.509 certificate. If client supplies a certificate, use certificate-based authentication. accept-client-certs = required Client must use certificate-based authentication. WebSEAL asks clients for an X.509 certificate. If client does not present a certificate, WebSEAL does not allow a connection. Chapter 6. Authentication 151
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IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-bus
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Note Before using this information
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Silent configuration overview . . .
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Event capturing and logging . . . .
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Token authentication concepts . . .
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Configuring WebSEAL key database pa
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Preserving cookie names . . . . . .
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Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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xvi IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e
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This chapter introduces you to impo
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Web security information v IBM Tivo
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v Secure Sockets Layer Introduction
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The following documents associated
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Monospace Code examples, command li
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IBM Tivoli Access Manager WebSEAL:
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The access control list (ACL) An ac
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Note: Traditional applications bund
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v Authenticated clients access usin
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v A user makes a request for a reso
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A unified Web space simplifies the
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14 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-
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Server instance configuration This
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Table 1. WebSEAL instances sharing
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- When the Web document root is not
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-ssl_yn ssl_enable_yes_no -key_file
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Server instance configuration tasks
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Removing a server instance To remov
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Communication protocol configuratio
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Restricting connections from specif
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Cryptographic hardware for encrypti
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You can specify whether to enable F
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3. In the Open dialog window, selec
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Quality of protection levels You ca
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Configuring authorization database
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3. Change the settings for the data
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Multi-locale support with UTF-8 Thi
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WebSEAL generates logging and audit
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Configuring multi-locale support Co
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WebSEAL does not recognize UTF-8 en
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ackwards compatibility, the format
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Language System Directory English (
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Preventing vulnerability caused by
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Replicated front-end WebSEAL server
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The session cookie links to session
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Table 4. P3P default header values
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Table 6. Supported values for the c
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For each value specified for purpos
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example, when your compact policy s
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70 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-
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Server tasks Start a WebSEAL server
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Managing the Web space The followin
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You can configure the specific grap
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Parameter Description cache-type Sp
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HTTP data compression WebSEAL serve
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Compression policy in POPs You can
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HTTP error message pages When WebSE
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Filename Title Description HTTP Err
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Managing custom account management
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Macro Description %CERTAUTHN% Subst
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Backup and restore Tivoli Access Ma
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Problem determination tools for Web
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Logging WebSEAL serviceability mess
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Event capturing and logging You can
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Page 134 and 135: Log Files Location Parameter Enable
Page 136 and 137: Displaying referer.log The referer.
Page 138 and 139: WebSEAL-specific ACL policies The f
Page 140 and 141: Configuring three strikes login pol
Page 142 and 143: Configuring password strength polic
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Page 158 and 159: Overview of the authentication proc
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Server-side request caching This se
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v “Modifying request-body-max-rea
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Configuring reauthentication based
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Extending the session cache entry l
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Configuring reauthentication based
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Extending the session cache entry l
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Automatic redirection during user l
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Configuring post password change pr
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WebSEAL provides an external authen
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credattrs_email joeuser@bigco.com c
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Credential refresh This section con
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The default lifetime of data in the
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Credential refresh configuration To
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efresh can succeed. Likewise, when
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Managing client-side and server-sid
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At installation, WebSEAL uses the s
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Setting the maximum number of cache
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Windows desktop single sign-on This
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v Failover authentication The failo
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Each WebSEAL instance must have a s
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highly secure password, such as a r
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Note: The location of the kinit uti
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v When a problem occurs, consider e
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The link contains a special CDSSO m
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2. Edit /etc/nsswitch.conf so the h
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[authentication-mechanisms] sso-cre
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http://websealB/resource.html?PD-ID
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Each entry in the WebSEAL is assign
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e-community single sign-on E-commun
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A user who fails authentication wit
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4. After successful login, the MAS
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v The domain-specific cookie contai
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owser is Microsoft Internet Explore
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1. Enabling and disabling e-communi
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[e-community-domain-keys] dA.com =
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For example: [e-community-sso] vf-u
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[server] pre-510-compatible-tokens
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[ecsso-incoming-attributes] my_spec
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WebSEAL junctions overview You can
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Managing junctions with Web Portal
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Configuring a basic WebSEAL junctio
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Mutually authenticated SSL junction
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v It is highly recommended that you
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WebSEAL-to-WebSEAL junctions over S
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v “Processing URLs in requests”
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Modifying absolute URLs with script
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To solve this problem: 1. Always wr
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You must create the jmt.conf mappin
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Part 2: -j junctions modify Set-Coo
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Supplying client identity in HTTP h
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[junction] max-webseal-header-size
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ack-end server UUID to each front-e
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v Back-end server 2 is called APP2
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lcp_uri URI encoded local code page
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v Do not mark any certificate in th
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1. Copy query_contents.sh into a fu
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Typical output looks like: 100 inde
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314 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e
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Configuring BA headers for single s
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Forwarding original client BA heade
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Using global sign-on (GSO) Tivoli A
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Configuring a GSO-enabled WebSEAL j
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Configuring single sign-on to IBM W
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Configuring single sign-on forms au
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WebSEAL parses the HTML page to ide
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[loginpage1] login-page = /cgi-bin/
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It is not necessary to specify hidd
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Supporting CGI programming To suppo
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Supporting back-end server-side app
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v Short name of the server v IP add
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pdadmin> objectspace create /Resour
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A single user that logs in multiple
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346 IBM automatically with no user
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Note: If you use Web Portal Manager
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Object Space Entry URL Template /ow
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The following sample dynurl.conf fi
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The security policy To provide suit
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Overview of ADI retrieval The Tivol
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The resource-manager-provided-adi p
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Retrieving ADI from the user creden
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Dynamic ADI retrieval Rules can be
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Basic configuration Basic configura
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trace_verbose_get_entitlement If se
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Erandt_Securtities_Entitlements e
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http://ese.erant.com/attributes 1 U
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376 IBM v v /opt/pdwebars/protocol_
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Windows C:\Program Files\Tivoli\PDW
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including tracking CGI types, compi
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Stanza organization The remainder o
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Server configuration v [server] v [
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HTTP/1.1 connection timeout, in sec
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Location of the file that contains
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Enable or disable support for UTF-8
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Specifies how WebSEAL responds to r
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Host name of the LDAP server. The W
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cache-group-expire-time = number_of
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String that specifies the key label
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Active Directory [uraf-ad] stanza a
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ind-pwd = admin_password Encoded ad
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LDAP port number for the Lotus Domi
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Secure Socket Layer [ssl] stanza we
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Disables support for SSL Version 2.
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Port number for communication with
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Indicates whether automatic refresh
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Authentication methods [ba] stanza
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Specifies how to handle certificate
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Step-up authentication levels. WebS
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Fully qualified path for a library
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failover-certificate = fully_qualif
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Authentication failover v [failover
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List of attributes from the origina
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Cross-domain single sign-on v [cdss
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attribute_pattern = {preserve|refre
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Integer value specifying the port n
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File names for keys for any domains
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List of string values to specify th
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Integer value for lifetime, in seco
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Content This section contains the f
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Specifies how standard WebSEAL HTML
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Page containing a change password f
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Automatic redirect v [acnt-mgt] v [
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List containing system environment
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Relative path name to a graphics fi
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Content compression v [compress-mim
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Content encodings [content-encoding
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Junction management [junction] stan
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Positive integer value indicating t
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Document filtering [filter-url] sta
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Scheme filtering [filter-schemes] s
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Script filtering v [script-filterin
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Credential refresh [credential-refr
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Integer value that specifies the ti
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Integer value that specifies the ti
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Enables or disables the requests lo
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Auditing [aznapi-configuration] sta
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Specifies event logging for the spe
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The maximum size of the in-memory p
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Policy server v [policy-director] v
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Specifies the type of access the us
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v state Mechanisms for maintaining
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Specifies the purpose of the inform
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Specifies the recipients of the inf
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For example, if the configured name
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-p port TCP port of the back-end th
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IBM may use or distribute any of th
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asic authentication configuring 145
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F failover authentication configura
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key management (continued) managing
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eauthentication (continued) based o
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User Registry Adapter Framework (UR
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