IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-business: WebSEAL Administration ...

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Configuring multiple authentication methods You modify the [authentication-mechanism] stanza of the WebSEAL configuration file to specify the shared library to be used for any supported authentication method. The following conditions apply when you configure multiple authentication methods: v All authentication methods can function independently from each other. It is possible to configure a shared library for each supported method. v The cert-cdas method overrides the cert-ssl method when both are configured. You must enable one of these to support client-side certificates. v Only one password type authenticator is actually used when more than one is configured. WebSEAL uses the following order of priority to resolve multiple configured password authenticators: 1. passwd-cdas 2. passwd-ldap v It is possible to configure the same custom library for two different authentication methods. For example, you could write a custom shared library to process both username/password and HTTP header authentication. For this example, you would configure both the passwd-cdas and http-request parameters with the same shared library. It is the responsibility of the developer to maintain session state and avoid conflicts between the two methods. Prompting for login WebSEAL prompts a client for a login under the following conditions: v An unauthenticated client that fails an authorization check v A forms or basic authentication client that fails an authorization check v When an authentication strength (step-up authentication) policy is enforced on the requested resource, and the client has not already authenticated using the required authentication level. The following client types are presented a ″403 failure″ error: v When an authorization check fails: – Client-side certificate – Failover cookie – CDSSO – IP address – HTTP header v When a client authenticates with a method that is disabled by WebSEAL Configuring account expiry notification WebSEAL returns an error message to a user when a login attempt fails. The error message applies to a variety of situations where the user has supplied invalid authentication information, such as an invalid user name or password. You can choose to have this same error message returned to a user when the user login fails due to an invalid or expired user account. Alternatively, you can specify that a different error message is sent to the user in this situation. The different error message specifies the exact reason for the failure due to account expiry. 142 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-business: WebSEAL Administration Guide
By default, only one error message is returned for all login failures. To specify an account expiry notification message, modify the following setting in the WebSEAL configuration file: [acnt-mgt] account-expiry-notification = yes The default value is no. Logout and change password commands Tivoli Access Manager provides the following commands for supporting clients who authenticate over HTTP or HTTPS. pkmslogout Clients can use the pkmslogout command to log out from the current session when they use an authentication method that does not supply authentication data with each request. For example, pkmslogout does not work for clients using basic authentication, certificates, or IP address authentication. In this case, you must close the browser to log out. The pkmslogout command is appropriate for authentication using token passcode, forms authentication, and certain implementations of HTTP header authentication. Run the command as follows: https://www.tivoli.com/pkmslogout The browser displays a logout form defined in the WebSEAL configuration file: [acnt-mgt] logout = logout.html You can modify the logout.html file to suit your requirements. The pkmslogout utility also supports multiple logout response pages when the network architecture requires different exit screens for users logging out of distinctly different back-end systems. The following expression identifies a specific response file: https://www.tivoli.com/pkmslogout?filename= where custom_logout_file is the filename of the logout response. This file must reside in the same lib/html/C directory that contains the default logout.html file and other sample HTML response forms. pkmspasswd You can use this command to change your login password when using basic authentication (BA) or forms authentication. This command is appropriate over HTTP or HTTPS. For example: https://www.tivoli.com/pkmspasswd To assure maximum security when BA is used with WebSEAL, this command has the following behavior for a BA client: 1. The password is changed. 2. The client user is logged out from the current session. Chapter 6. Authentication 143
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IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-bus
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Note Before using this information
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Silent configuration overview . . .
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Event capturing and logging . . . .
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Token authentication concepts . . .
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Configuring WebSEAL key database pa
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Preserving cookie names . . . . . .
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Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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xvi IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e
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This chapter introduces you to impo
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Web security information v IBM Tivo
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v Secure Sockets Layer Introduction
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The following documents associated
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Monospace Code examples, command li
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IBM Tivoli Access Manager WebSEAL:
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The access control list (ACL) An ac
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Note: Traditional applications bund
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v Authenticated clients access usin
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v A user makes a request for a reso
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A unified Web space simplifies the
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14 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-
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Server instance configuration This
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Table 1. WebSEAL instances sharing
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- When the Web document root is not
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-ssl_yn ssl_enable_yes_no -key_file
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Server instance configuration tasks
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Removing a server instance To remov
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Communication protocol configuratio
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Restricting connections from specif
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Cryptographic hardware for encrypti
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You can specify whether to enable F
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3. In the Open dialog window, selec
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Quality of protection levels You ca
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Configuring authorization database
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3. Change the settings for the data
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Multi-locale support with UTF-8 Thi
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WebSEAL generates logging and audit
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Configuring multi-locale support Co
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WebSEAL does not recognize UTF-8 en
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ackwards compatibility, the format
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Language System Directory English (
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Preventing vulnerability caused by
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Replicated front-end WebSEAL server
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The session cookie links to session
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Table 4. P3P default header values
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Table 6. Supported values for the c
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For each value specified for purpos
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example, when your compact policy s
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70 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-
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Server tasks Start a WebSEAL server
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Managing the Web space The followin
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You can configure the specific grap
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Parameter Description cache-type Sp
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HTTP data compression WebSEAL serve
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Compression policy in POPs You can
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HTTP error message pages When WebSE
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Filename Title Description HTTP Err
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Managing custom account management
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Macro Description %CERTAUTHN% Subst
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Page 122 and 123: Problem determination tools for Web
Page 124 and 125: Logging WebSEAL serviceability mess
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Page 130 and 131: Authentication event log output Aut
Page 132 and 133: Table 18. Authentication errors (co
Page 134 and 135: Log Files Location Parameter Enable
Page 136 and 137: Displaying referer.log The referer.
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Page 140 and 141: Configuring three strikes login pol
Page 142 and 143: Configuring password strength polic
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Page 158 and 159: Overview of the authentication proc
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Page 180 and 181: Setting Description accept-client-c
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Page 190 and 191: 2. WebSEAL returns an authenticatio
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Page 216 and 217: Switch user authentication The WebS
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supported mechanism, an additional
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The authentication method parameter
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The default file name is switchuser
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xauthn_username xauthn_qop xauthn_i
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Server-side request caching This se
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v “Modifying request-body-max-rea
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Configuring reauthentication based
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Extending the session cache entry l
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Configuring reauthentication based
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Extending the session cache entry l
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Automatic redirection during user l
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Configuring post password change pr
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WebSEAL provides an external authen
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credattrs_email joeuser@bigco.com c
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Credential refresh This section con
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The default lifetime of data in the
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Credential refresh configuration To
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efresh can succeed. Likewise, when
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Managing client-side and server-sid
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At installation, WebSEAL uses the s
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Setting the maximum number of cache
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Windows desktop single sign-on This
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v Failover authentication The failo
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Each WebSEAL instance must have a s
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highly secure password, such as a r
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Note: The location of the kinit uti
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v When a problem occurs, consider e
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The link contains a special CDSSO m
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2. Edit /etc/nsswitch.conf so the h
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[authentication-mechanisms] sso-cre
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http://websealB/resource.html?PD-ID
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Each entry in the WebSEAL is assign
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e-community single sign-on E-commun
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A user who fails authentication wit
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4. After successful login, the MAS
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v The domain-specific cookie contai
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owser is Microsoft Internet Explore
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1. Enabling and disabling e-communi
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[e-community-domain-keys] dA.com =
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For example: [e-community-sso] vf-u
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[server] pre-510-compatible-tokens
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[ecsso-incoming-attributes] my_spec
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WebSEAL junctions overview You can
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Managing junctions with Web Portal
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Configuring a basic WebSEAL junctio
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Mutually authenticated SSL junction
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v It is highly recommended that you
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WebSEAL-to-WebSEAL junctions over S
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v “Processing URLs in requests”
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Modifying absolute URLs with script
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To solve this problem: 1. Always wr
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You must create the jmt.conf mappin
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Part 2: -j junctions modify Set-Coo
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Supplying client identity in HTTP h
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[junction] max-webseal-header-size
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ack-end server UUID to each front-e
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v Back-end server 2 is called APP2
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lcp_uri URI encoded local code page
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v Do not mark any certificate in th
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1. Copy query_contents.sh into a fu
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Typical output looks like: 100 inde
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Configuring BA headers for single s
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Forwarding original client BA heade
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Using global sign-on (GSO) Tivoli A
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Configuring a GSO-enabled WebSEAL j
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Configuring single sign-on to IBM W
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Configuring single sign-on forms au
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WebSEAL parses the HTML page to ide
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[loginpage1] login-page = /cgi-bin/
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It is not necessary to specify hidd
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Supporting CGI programming To suppo
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Supporting back-end server-side app
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v Short name of the server v IP add
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pdadmin> objectspace create /Resour
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A single user that logs in multiple
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346 IBM automatically with no user
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Note: If you use Web Portal Manager
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Object Space Entry URL Template /ow
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The following sample dynurl.conf fi
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The security policy To provide suit
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Overview of ADI retrieval The Tivol
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The resource-manager-provided-adi p
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Retrieving ADI from the user creden
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Dynamic ADI retrieval Rules can be
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Basic configuration Basic configura
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trace_verbose_get_entitlement If se
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Erandt_Securtities_Entitlements e
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http://ese.erant.com/attributes 1 U
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376 IBM v v /opt/pdwebars/protocol_
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Windows C:\Program Files\Tivoli\PDW
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including tracking CGI types, compi
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Stanza organization The remainder o
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Server configuration v [server] v [
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HTTP/1.1 connection timeout, in sec
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Location of the file that contains
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Enable or disable support for UTF-8
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Specifies how WebSEAL responds to r
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Host name of the LDAP server. The W
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cache-group-expire-time = number_of
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String that specifies the key label
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Active Directory [uraf-ad] stanza a
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ind-pwd = admin_password Encoded ad
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LDAP port number for the Lotus Domi
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Secure Socket Layer [ssl] stanza we
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Disables support for SSL Version 2.
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Port number for communication with
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Indicates whether automatic refresh
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Authentication methods [ba] stanza
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Specifies how to handle certificate
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Step-up authentication levels. WebS
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Fully qualified path for a library
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failover-certificate = fully_qualif
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Authentication failover v [failover
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List of attributes from the origina
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Cross-domain single sign-on v [cdss
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attribute_pattern = {preserve|refre
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Integer value specifying the port n
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File names for keys for any domains
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List of string values to specify th
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Integer value for lifetime, in seco
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Content This section contains the f
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Specifies how standard WebSEAL HTML
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Page containing a change password f
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Automatic redirect v [acnt-mgt] v [
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List containing system environment
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Relative path name to a graphics fi
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Content compression v [compress-mim
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Content encodings [content-encoding
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Junction management [junction] stan
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Positive integer value indicating t
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Document filtering [filter-url] sta
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Scheme filtering [filter-schemes] s
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Script filtering v [script-filterin
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Credential refresh [credential-refr
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Integer value that specifies the ti
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Integer value that specifies the ti
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Enables or disables the requests lo
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Auditing [aznapi-configuration] sta
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Specifies event logging for the spe
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The maximum size of the in-memory p
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Policy server v [policy-director] v
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Specifies the type of access the us
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v state Mechanisms for maintaining
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Specifies the purpose of the inform
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Specifies the recipients of the inf
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For example, if the configured name
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-p port TCP port of the back-end th
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IBM may use or distribute any of th
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asic authentication configuring 145
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F failover authentication configura
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key management (continued) managing
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eauthentication (continued) based o
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User Registry Adapter Framework (UR
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