IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-business: WebSEAL Administration ...

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You can configure the specific graphical icons used by WebSEAL for each file type listed in a generated index. The [content-index-icons] stanza of the WebSEAL configuration file contains a list of the document MIME types and the associated .gif files that are displayed: [content-index-icons] image/*= /icons/image2.gif video/* = /icons/movie.gif audio/* = /icons/sound2.gif text/html = /icons/generic.gif text/* = /icons/text.gif application/x-tar = /icons/tar.gif application/* = /icons/binary.gif You can configure this list to specify other icons for each MIME type. Icons can also be located remotely. For example: application/* = http://www.acme.com/icons/binary.gif You can also configure these additional icon values: v Icon used to represent sub-directories: [icons] diricon = /icons/folder2.gif v Icon used to represent the parent directory: [icons] backicon = /icons/back.gif v Icon used to represent unknown file types: [icons] unknownicon = /icons/unknown.gif Note: The supplied icons are in GIF format, but this format is not required. Windows: File naming for CGI programs Parameters contained in the [cgi-types] stanza of the WebSEAL configuration file allow you to specify the Windows file extension types that are recognized and executed as CGI programs. The UNIX operating system has no file name extension requirements. File extension types must be defined, however, for Windows operating systems. The [cgi-types] stanza lists all valid extension types and maps each extension (when necessary) to an appropriate CGI program. [cgi-types] = By default only those files with extensions matching those listed in the stanza will be executed as CGI programs. If a CGI program has an extension that is not contained in this list, the program will not be executed. Files with the .exe extensions are run as programs by Windows default and require no mapping. Note: Anytime you want to install a .exe file on Windows for download, however, you must rename the extension or install the file as part of an archive (such as .zip). You must supply the appropriate interpreter programs for extensions that represent interpreted script files. Examples of these types of extensions include: shell scripts (.sh and .ksh), Perl scripts (.pl), and Tcl scripts (.tcl) files. 76 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-business: WebSEAL Administration Guide
The following example illustrates a typical [cgi-types] stanza configuration: [cgi-types] bat = cmd cmd = cmd pl = perl sh = sh tcl = tclsh76 Executable UNIX files on the WebSEAL server host system WebSEAL supports the creation of local junctions. These junctions exist on the same host system as the WebSEAL server. When accessing a local junction on a UNIX system, WebSEAL interprets files as CGI scripts if the files are given the UNIX execute permission. For example, if an HTML page located on the local WebSEAL junction is given execute permission, WebSEAL interprets the file as an executable, and will not display it. To ensure that local files are displayed correctly, remove execute permission from all non-CGI files that are accessed through the local junction. Configuring Web document caching Clients can often experience extended network access time and file downloading time due to poor Web document retrieval performance. Poor performance can occur because the WebSEAL server is waiting for documents retrieved from junctioned back-end servers or even slow local storage. Web document caching gives you the flexibility of serving documents locally from WebSEAL rather than from a back-end server across a junction. The Web document caching feature allows you to store commonly accessed Web document types in the WebSEAL server’s memory. Clients can experience much faster response to follow-up requests for documents that have been cached in the WebSEAL server. Cached documents can include static text documents and graphic images. Dynamically generated documents, such as database query results, cannot be cached. Caching is performed on the basis of MIME type. When you configure WebSEAL for Web document caching, you identify the following three parameters: v Document MIME type v Type of storage medium v Size of storage medium You define Web document caching in the [content-cache] stanza of the WebSEAL configuration file. The following syntax applies: = : Parameter Description mime-type Represents any valid MIME type conveyed in an HTTP ″Content-Type:″ response header. This value may contain a asterisk ( * ). A value of */* represents a default object cache that will hold any object that does not correspond to an explicitly configured cache. Note that the asterisk here is a wildcard only for a MIME-type directory, and its contents. This is not a wildcard for regular expression matching. Chapter 3. WebSEAL server administration 77
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IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-bus
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Note Before using this information
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Silent configuration overview . . .
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Event capturing and logging . . . .
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Token authentication concepts . . .
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Configuring WebSEAL key database pa
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Preserving cookie names . . . . . .
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Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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xvi IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e
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This chapter introduces you to impo
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Web security information v IBM Tivo
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v Secure Sockets Layer Introduction
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The following documents associated
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Monospace Code examples, command li
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IBM Tivoli Access Manager WebSEAL:
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The access control list (ACL) An ac
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Note: Traditional applications bund
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v Authenticated clients access usin
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v A user makes a request for a reso
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A unified Web space simplifies the
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14 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-
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Server instance configuration This
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Table 1. WebSEAL instances sharing
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- When the Web document root is not
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-ssl_yn ssl_enable_yes_no -key_file
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Server instance configuration tasks
Page 54 and 55: Removing a server instance To remov
Page 56 and 57: Communication protocol configuratio
Page 58 and 59: Restricting connections from specif
Page 60 and 61: Cryptographic hardware for encrypti
Page 62 and 63: You can specify whether to enable F
Page 64 and 65: 3. In the Open dialog window, selec
Page 66 and 67: Quality of protection levels You ca
Page 68 and 69: Configuring authorization database
Page 70 and 71: 3. Change the settings for the data
Page 72 and 73: Multi-locale support with UTF-8 Thi
Page 74 and 75: WebSEAL generates logging and audit
Page 76 and 77: Configuring multi-locale support Co
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Page 82 and 83: Language System Directory English (
Page 84 and 85: Preventing vulnerability caused by
Page 86 and 87: Replicated front-end WebSEAL server
Page 88 and 89: The session cookie links to session
Page 90 and 91: Table 4. P3P default header values
Page 92 and 93: Table 6. Supported values for the c
Page 94 and 95: For each value specified for purpos
Page 96 and 97: example, when your compact policy s
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Page 100 and 101: Server tasks Start a WebSEAL server
Page 102 and 103: Managing the Web space The followin
Page 106 and 107: Parameter Description cache-type Sp
Page 108 and 109: HTTP data compression WebSEAL serve
Page 110 and 111: Compression policy in POPs You can
Page 112 and 113: HTTP error message pages When WebSE
Page 114 and 115: Filename Title Description HTTP Err
Page 116 and 117: Managing custom account management
Page 118 and 119: Macro Description %CERTAUTHN% Subst
Page 120 and 121: Backup and restore Tivoli Access Ma
Page 122 and 123: Problem determination tools for Web
Page 124 and 125: Logging WebSEAL serviceability mess
Page 126 and 127: Event capturing and logging You can
Page 128 and 129: In this example, none of the option
Page 130 and 131: Authentication event log output Aut
Page 132 and 133: Table 18. Authentication errors (co
Page 134 and 135: Log Files Location Parameter Enable
Page 136 and 137: Displaying referer.log The referer.
Page 138 and 139: WebSEAL-specific ACL policies The f
Page 140 and 141: Configuring three strikes login pol
Page 142 and 143: Configuring password strength polic
Page 144 and 145: Specific user and global settings T
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Page 148 and 149: The entry level = unauthenticated m
Page 150 and 151: Table 20. Example integer values fo
Page 152 and 153: pdadmin> pop modify test set ipauth
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Quality of protection POP policy Th
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128 IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e
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Overview of the authentication proc
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Managing session state A secure con
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This value corresponds to the numbe
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eauthenticating the user. WebSEAL u
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v Because the cookies are available
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Authentication configuration overvi
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Configuring multiple authentication
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3. When the client makes an additio
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You can configure the username and
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Configuration conditions If forms a
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If the security policy does require
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Setting Description accept-client-c
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Thus, the default value for cert-ca
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HTTP header authentication Tivoli A
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See also: v “Authentication metho
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Token authentication Tivoli Access
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2. WebSEAL returns an authenticatio
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4. Restart the WebSEAL server. See
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Failover authentication This sectio
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authenticates using forms authentic
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Administrators can configure WebSEA
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cookie. By using the cookie, the We
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Specify the protocol for failover c
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Backwards compatibility WebSEAL ser
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[failover-add-attributes] attribute
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v When this value is no, and the se
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SPNEGO protocol and Kerberos authen
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v The client cannot use an SSL sess
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Switch user authentication The WebS
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9. The administrator ends the switc
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supported mechanism, an additional
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The authentication method parameter
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The default file name is switchuser
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xauthn_username xauthn_qop xauthn_i
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Server-side request caching This se
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v “Modifying request-body-max-rea
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Configuring reauthentication based
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Extending the session cache entry l
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Configuring reauthentication based
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Extending the session cache entry l
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Automatic redirection during user l
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Configuring post password change pr
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WebSEAL provides an external authen
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credattrs_email joeuser@bigco.com c
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Credential refresh This section con
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The default lifetime of data in the
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Credential refresh configuration To
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efresh can succeed. Likewise, when
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Managing client-side and server-sid
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At installation, WebSEAL uses the s
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Setting the maximum number of cache
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Windows desktop single sign-on This
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v Failover authentication The failo
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Each WebSEAL instance must have a s
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highly secure password, such as a r
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Note: The location of the kinit uti
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v When a problem occurs, consider e
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The link contains a special CDSSO m
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2. Edit /etc/nsswitch.conf so the h
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[authentication-mechanisms] sso-cre
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http://websealB/resource.html?PD-ID
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Each entry in the WebSEAL is assign
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e-community single sign-on E-commun
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A user who fails authentication wit
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4. After successful login, the MAS
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v The domain-specific cookie contai
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owser is Microsoft Internet Explore
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1. Enabling and disabling e-communi
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[e-community-domain-keys] dA.com =
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For example: [e-community-sso] vf-u
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[server] pre-510-compatible-tokens
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[ecsso-incoming-attributes] my_spec
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WebSEAL junctions overview You can
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Managing junctions with Web Portal
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Configuring a basic WebSEAL junctio
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Mutually authenticated SSL junction
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v It is highly recommended that you
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WebSEAL-to-WebSEAL junctions over S
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v “Processing URLs in requests”
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Modifying absolute URLs with script
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To solve this problem: 1. Always wr
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You must create the jmt.conf mappin
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Part 2: -j junctions modify Set-Coo
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Supplying client identity in HTTP h
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[junction] max-webseal-header-size
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ack-end server UUID to each front-e
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v Back-end server 2 is called APP2
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lcp_uri URI encoded local code page
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v Do not mark any certificate in th
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1. Copy query_contents.sh into a fu
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Typical output looks like: 100 inde
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Configuring BA headers for single s
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Forwarding original client BA heade
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Using global sign-on (GSO) Tivoli A
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Configuring a GSO-enabled WebSEAL j
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Configuring single sign-on to IBM W
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Configuring single sign-on forms au
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WebSEAL parses the HTML page to ide
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[loginpage1] login-page = /cgi-bin/
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It is not necessary to specify hidd
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Supporting CGI programming To suppo
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Supporting back-end server-side app
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v Short name of the server v IP add
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pdadmin> objectspace create /Resour
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A single user that logs in multiple
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346 IBM automatically with no user
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Note: If you use Web Portal Manager
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Object Space Entry URL Template /ow
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The following sample dynurl.conf fi
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The security policy To provide suit
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Overview of ADI retrieval The Tivol
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The resource-manager-provided-adi p
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Retrieving ADI from the user creden
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Dynamic ADI retrieval Rules can be
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Basic configuration Basic configura
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trace_verbose_get_entitlement If se
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Erandt_Securtities_Entitlements e
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http://ese.erant.com/attributes 1 U
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376 IBM v v /opt/pdwebars/protocol_
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Windows C:\Program Files\Tivoli\PDW
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including tracking CGI types, compi
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Stanza organization The remainder o
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Server configuration v [server] v [
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HTTP/1.1 connection timeout, in sec
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Location of the file that contains
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Enable or disable support for UTF-8
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Specifies how WebSEAL responds to r
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Host name of the LDAP server. The W
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cache-group-expire-time = number_of
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String that specifies the key label
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Active Directory [uraf-ad] stanza a
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ind-pwd = admin_password Encoded ad
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LDAP port number for the Lotus Domi
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Secure Socket Layer [ssl] stanza we
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Disables support for SSL Version 2.
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Port number for communication with
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Indicates whether automatic refresh
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Authentication methods [ba] stanza
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Specifies how to handle certificate
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Step-up authentication levels. WebS
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Fully qualified path for a library
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failover-certificate = fully_qualif
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Authentication failover v [failover
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List of attributes from the origina
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Cross-domain single sign-on v [cdss
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attribute_pattern = {preserve|refre
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Integer value specifying the port n
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File names for keys for any domains
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List of string values to specify th
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Integer value for lifetime, in seco
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Content This section contains the f
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Specifies how standard WebSEAL HTML
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Page containing a change password f
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Automatic redirect v [acnt-mgt] v [
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List containing system environment
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Relative path name to a graphics fi
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Content compression v [compress-mim
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Content encodings [content-encoding
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Junction management [junction] stan
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Positive integer value indicating t
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Document filtering [filter-url] sta
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Scheme filtering [filter-schemes] s
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Script filtering v [script-filterin
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Credential refresh [credential-refr
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Integer value that specifies the ti
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Integer value that specifies the ti
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Enables or disables the requests lo
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Auditing [aznapi-configuration] sta
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Specifies event logging for the spe
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The maximum size of the in-memory p
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Policy server v [policy-director] v
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Specifies the type of access the us
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v state Mechanisms for maintaining
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Specifies the purpose of the inform
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Specifies the recipients of the inf
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For example, if the configured name
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-p port TCP port of the back-end th
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IBM may use or distribute any of th
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asic authentication configuring 145
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F failover authentication configura
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key management (continued) managing
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eauthentication (continued) based o
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User Registry Adapter Framework (UR
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