A manual of marks on pottery and porcelain; a dictionary of easy ...
A manual of marks on pottery and porcelain; a dictionary of easy ...
A manual of marks on pottery and porcelain; a dictionary of easy ...
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<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Up<br />
to<br />
Mrs. S.T. Blackwood
A MANUAl>-Or MARKS<br />
POTTERY AND PORCELAIN<br />
A DICTIONARY OF EASY REFERENCE<br />
BY<br />
W. H. HOOPER AND W. C. PHILLIPS<br />
U<strong>on</strong>ti<strong>on</strong><br />
MACMILLAN AND CO.<br />
AND NEW YORK<br />
1894<br />
All Rights Reserved
First Editi<strong>on</strong>, 1876; Sec<strong>on</strong>d Editi<strong>on</strong>, 1877; Reprinted iZ-]^, 1886;<br />
with correcti<strong>on</strong>s <strong>and</strong> additi<strong>on</strong>s, 1894.
P K E F A C E.<br />
THIS editi<strong>on</strong> has been carefully revised <strong>and</strong> enlarged<br />
by the additi<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> many new <str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g>.<br />
When first issued n<strong>on</strong>e <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the <str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Japan had<br />
At that time informati<strong>on</strong> was difficult<br />
been published.<br />
to obtain, <strong>and</strong> much <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> it has since been found to be unreliable<br />
; by the kind permissi<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Sir A. W. Franks<br />
a large number <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g> are now inserted, which will<br />
be found to include all the factories <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> importance.<br />
Being <strong>on</strong>ly intended for a pocket-volume, unimportant<br />
factories <strong>and</strong> unknown <str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g> are left out. For more<br />
detailed informati<strong>on</strong>, the works <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Br<strong>on</strong>gniart, Chaffers,<br />
Demmin, Jacquemart (admirably translated by Mrs.<br />
Bury Palliser), Marryat, Robins<strong>on</strong> <strong>and</strong> others may be<br />
c<strong>on</strong>sulted.<br />
The work is divided into four parts in the ;<br />
first, the<br />
Marks are classed under descriptive heads, as Anchor,<br />
Animal, etc. in the sec<strong>on</strong>d ; Majolica the factories <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
Italy are arranged alphabetically; in the third, other<br />
factories <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Europe <strong>on</strong> the same plan <strong>and</strong> in the ; fourth,<br />
the Oriental Marks are arranged by the number <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
characters inscribed.
IV PREFACE.<br />
The Marks <strong>on</strong> Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain are <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> three<br />
kinds factory, workman, <strong>and</strong> pattern mark.<br />
is usually placed in a prominent positi<strong>on</strong>,<br />
accompanied by the mark <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the maker or<br />
The first<br />
sometimes<br />
decorator.<br />
Sevres Porcelain, for instance, <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>ten having four or five<br />
workmen's <str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g>, besides that <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the factory. The<br />
pattern mark is usually a number ; this is seldom given,<br />
being useless without a descripti<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the pattern<br />
itself.<br />
The Marks, when pencilled or incised, vary very c<strong>on</strong>-<br />
siderably ; a different h<strong>and</strong>, a full brush, or a flaw in<br />
the material, all tend to make them unrecognizable ;<br />
even when printed they are <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>ten blurred by the acti<strong>on</strong><br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the fire or running <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the enamel, <strong>and</strong> when impressed,<br />
a shrinking <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the wet clay will change or<br />
obliterate them.
Anchor<br />
Animal<br />
Arrow<br />
Axe ..<br />
Beac<strong>on</strong><br />
Bell . .<br />
Bird ..<br />
Bow ..<br />
Butterfly<br />
Cadnceiis<br />
Circle . .<br />
Claw ..<br />
Crescent<br />
Cross ..<br />
Crown<br />
Dome . .<br />
Dot ..<br />
Ermine<br />
Fish .<br />
Bassano<br />
Caffagiolo . .<br />
Castel Duranto<br />
Castelli<br />
Diruta<br />
Faenza<br />
Florence<br />
Forli ..<br />
Genoa..<br />
Z2STZDE1Z.<br />
MARKS.
INDEX.<br />
FACTORIES.
PAGE<br />
INDEX. Vll
CONTRACTIONS.<br />
The quality <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the Ware is described in the first column,<br />
<strong>and</strong> the mode <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> marking in the sec<strong>on</strong>d, as follows :<br />
maj.<br />
...<br />
. . . Incised.<br />
. . . Impressed.<br />
... Pencilled.<br />
... Printed.<br />
The third column c<strong>on</strong>tains the dates.<br />
... Stencilled.
iT<br />
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain Marks.<br />
ANCHOR<br />
CHELSEA p imp<br />
P gold<br />
or red<br />
POPPLES DORF pot imp 176-<br />
SCEAUX PEXTIIIEVRE s p p blue 175-<br />
B
L<br />
4-<br />
4-<br />
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
SCEAU.X PKNTHIEVRK<br />
VENICE<br />
COLOGNE<br />
Bow<br />
Tliis mark varies<br />
very much<br />
The form <strong>and</strong> positi<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
the swora vary.<br />
COALRROOK DALE<br />
DERBY CHELSEA<br />
pot p blue ITS-<br />
h p p red 1765<br />
maj. p color 17<br />
pot p<br />
blue 1 7<br />
a p p red 173<br />
h p p blue 18<br />
p p goK 1770<br />
or red
CM<br />
Rf<br />
ISTONE CHIN<br />
CALDAS<br />
ORTUGAJ.<br />
20<br />
VENICE j ...<br />
Giovanni Marc<strong>on</strong>i<br />
WORCESTER<br />
Marks.<br />
'<br />
...<br />
Richard Holdthip, decorator<br />
He also ivcrked for Derby<br />
LoNGPORT<br />
CALDAS<br />
Thus read from<br />
imperfect impressi<strong>on</strong><br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> name<br />
Imitati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Palissy Ware<br />
MlDDLESBOROUGH<br />
20, Pattern mark<br />
s p p gold 17-<br />
or color<br />
p color 175-<br />
pot imp 1793<br />
pr blue 1805<br />
pot imp 18<br />
pot imp<br />
pot<br />
pr bluo<br />
imp
Bow<br />
(?) PLYMOUTH<br />
CAUGHLEY<br />
LEEDS ...<br />
Marks.<br />
ARROW.<br />
pot imp 177-<br />
Also with name Hartleij, Green fy Co.<br />
PARIS ...<br />
I)e la Courtille (sometimes called<br />
Torches)<br />
BADEN BADEN<br />
Tftctow Sperl.<br />
AXE.<br />
B p p blue 173-<br />
h P<br />
b p p blue 17 -<br />
li p p blue 1773<br />
h p p gold<br />
or color 1753
tffc<br />
r<br />
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
BADEN BADEN<br />
Widow Sperl<br />
DELFT<br />
De Byl (The Axe)<br />
GENOA<br />
DELFT<br />
Justus Brouwei<br />
BEACON.<br />
BELL.<br />
De drei Kloklcen. (The 3 bells)<br />
W. Van dcr Docs<br />
This mark varies so much that it<br />
is called Leaf <strong>and</strong> Arrowhead<br />
h p p gold 1753<br />
or color<br />
pot p blue I.7C4<br />
pot p bine 1764
,<br />
AMSTERDAM<br />
Marks,<br />
BIRD.<br />
Hartog <strong>and</strong> Br<strong>and</strong>eis.<br />
pet p color 1780<br />
ANSPACH h p p blup 1718<br />
Sometimes used without the letter<br />
SKVRES<br />
1st Empire.<br />
Napoleor. III. Emperor<br />
LlVEUPOOL<br />
A Liver, the Arms <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the Town.<br />
Case, Mort fy Co.<br />
><br />
h p p red<br />
sten &<br />
imp<br />
1810<br />
h p pr color 1852<br />
pot p color 1833
I<br />
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
HAGUE (The)<br />
The Arms <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>.<br />
Bow<br />
BOW.<br />
BUTTERFLY.<br />
CHINESE On old Nankin<br />
CADUCEUS.<br />
DRESDEN<br />
This mark varies very much.<br />
WORCESTER<br />
In imitati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Dresden<br />
CIRCULAR MARKS.<br />
h p y blua 177-<br />
s p p blue 173-<br />
h p p blue<br />
FAENZA ... maj. p<br />
And other varieties, <strong>and</strong> also<br />
without the circle<br />
hp pblue 1712<br />
s p p blue 1753<br />
blue 15
T\ I<br />
w<br />
DAMM<br />
Marks.<br />
HOCHST hp p gold 1720<br />
Tlie arms <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the Archbishop <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
Maycnce.<br />
Dahl<br />
Aschaferiberg<br />
DELFT<br />
TFortuyn Fortune<br />
P. Van der Breil<br />
FLORENCE<br />
or color<br />
pot p color 1794<br />
&hp<br />
h p p bine 17<br />
pot p oiuo 1G91<br />
Martinus Gouda pot 1675<br />
The arms )<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the Medici.<br />
(B) Francis II. A very rare mark.<br />
Orazio F<strong>on</strong>tana Urbino fecit.<br />
s p p color 15<br />
niaj. p color 15
10 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
DERBY<br />
1<br />
COLOGNE ...<br />
MONTPELLIER<br />
Lc Voul<strong>and</strong>.<br />
SHELTON<br />
BERLIN<br />
Royal Factory<br />
h p pr color 1815<br />
pot<br />
SEVRES ... ... h p pr<br />
The marie ivas used with the year<br />
Louis Philippi<br />
date from 1830.<br />
1G-<br />
pot imp 18<br />
pot pr color 1820<br />
h p pr 1850<br />
color 1830<br />
1834
i.CHATEAU,<br />
511<br />
SEVRES<br />
BURSLEM<br />
Republic<br />
Marks.<br />
Wedgwood 8c Bentlcy<br />
DELFT<br />
CLAW.<br />
De Klaauw (The Claw)<br />
Lambertus S<strong>and</strong>erus.<br />
h p pr color 1834<br />
h p p red 1848<br />
pot & imp 1768<br />
hp<br />
pot pbhu, 1764
12 Pottiry <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
SALOPIAN.<br />
CRESCENT.<br />
CAUGHLEY<br />
And without name.<br />
h p. p blue 1750<br />
WORCESTER s p p blue 1751<br />
or gold<br />
URBINO ... maj. p blue 1591<br />
Also with the initials E. F. B.<br />
NAPLES<br />
WORCESTER<br />
mnj. p blue 17<br />
h p p blue 1783
C<<br />
V<br />
CC<br />
t<br />
*<br />
Mark*<br />
MARIEBERG, Sweden<br />
Ehrenreich,<br />
BRISTOL<br />
FULDA ...<br />
VARAGES<br />
DRESDEN<br />
COPENHAGEN<br />
CASEMENE ...<br />
CROSS.<br />
pot & p color 1750<br />
sp<br />
1759<br />
h p p iu<br />
color<br />
1773<br />
h p p blue i763<br />
pot p bl: C c<br />
or red<br />
1730<br />
h p p blue 1720<br />
h p p color 1772<br />
pot imp IS~
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
BOURG-LA-REINE<br />
Le Chappelet.<br />
BRISTOL<br />
TURIN Vineuf<br />
Dr. Gioanetti.<br />
BASSANO<br />
CROWN.<br />
Also with the signature <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
Ant<strong>on</strong>io Terchi $ B Terchj<br />
CASTELLI<br />
ST. PETERSBURG<br />
Alex<strong>and</strong>er I.<br />
Alex<strong>and</strong>er II.<br />
h p p 17<br />
h p p color 1773<br />
h p imp 1770<br />
maj. p color 1540<br />
ma}. p color 16<br />
b p p blue 1801<br />
or color<br />
h p p blue 1805<br />
or color
'&<br />
Marks.<br />
PARIS h p p red 177P<br />
Porcelaine de la Reine(Antoinette)<br />
VENICE<br />
DERBY<br />
BRUSSELS<br />
WORCESTER<br />
Barr, Flight 8f Barr.<br />
NAPLES<br />
Crown <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> various shapes,<br />
sometimes B.C.<br />
SEVRES Charles X.<br />
maj<br />
17-<br />
s p p gold 177-<br />
h p p' color 18<br />
h p imp 1807<br />
maj. p 16<br />
b p<br />
1829
*0 30<br />
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
SEVRES Charles X.<br />
LUDWIG-SBURG<br />
Also attributed to<br />
BUEN RETIRO<br />
Madrid. Carlos III.<br />
LUDWKJSBURG<br />
Initial <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Duke Charles<br />
NlEDERVILLER<br />
De Custine, director<br />
URBINO<br />
(?) Luca Cambiasi<br />
HOCHST<br />
h p p bine 1829<br />
h p p blue 1758<br />
s p p color 176-<br />
& pot<br />
b p p blue 1758<br />
h p p blue 1788<br />
& pot<br />
maj.<br />
16-<br />
b p p gold 17*JO<br />
& color
PARIS ...<br />
Marks.<br />
Charles Philippe, Comte<br />
d'Artois, patr<strong>on</strong><br />
FEANKENTUAL<br />
Carl Theodore<br />
DERBY ...<br />
Dueslury<br />
with m<strong>on</strong>ogram D K<br />
Duesbury <strong>and</strong> Kean ...<br />
also ivitnout croivn ... ,<br />
h p p blue 1769<br />
Up p blue 17G1<br />
h p p red or 1780<br />
violet<br />
1798<br />
Stevens<strong>on</strong> $ Hancock ... ,, 18C-<br />
HlLDEKSHEIM .,. .. h p p bill? 1760
i8 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
I'D<br />
M<br />
FULDA ..,<br />
CAPO DI MONTI, Naples<br />
Ferdin<strong>and</strong>us. Rex<br />
PARIS ...<br />
DM <strong>and</strong> Guerhard<br />
HESSE DARMSTADT<br />
ST. PETERSBURG ...<br />
Nicholas I.<br />
SEVRES<br />
Louis- Philippe<br />
CLIGNANCOURT ...<br />
h p p blue 1763<br />
s p p color 1780<br />
hp prod 1780<br />
h p' p blue 1756<br />
h p p color 1825<br />
h p imp or 1845<br />
pr color<br />
hp stred 17SO
VU U/<br />
JV.Q.<br />
o<br />
Marks.<br />
BUEN RETIRO, Madrid ... sp p color 176-<br />
MARIEBERO, Sweden<br />
CAPO DI MONTI, Naples<br />
SEVRES. Napole<strong>on</strong> III. ... s& p<br />
In this year the manufacture<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> s<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>t paste was resumed<br />
pot & p color 1750<br />
sp<br />
s p p red or 1759<br />
h p<br />
blue<br />
& imp<br />
color 1854<br />
SAVONA. (?) Guidol<strong>on</strong>o ... maj. 10-<br />
ORLEANS pot p color 1753
n<br />
SPM<br />
t<br />
.<br />
WTT<br />
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
ST. PETERSBURG. Paul I. ... h p p color 1796<br />
DRESDEN ... ... h p p blue 1750<br />
Saclisiche Porzellen Manufacture<br />
LUDWIGSBURG<br />
OPORTO<br />
Vista Allegra<br />
WORCESTER<br />
Flight <strong>and</strong> Barr<br />
LIVERPOOL<br />
FLORENCE<br />
A rare mark<br />
DOME.<br />
h p p blue 1806<br />
h p p gold 1790<br />
or color<br />
h p p color 1793<br />
pot imp & 1796<br />
pr color<br />
s p p color 1580
o DOT.<br />
o . ** I<br />
LlMBACH<br />
oOo URBINO & FAENZA<br />
ERMINE.<br />
STOKE-ON-TRENT ...<br />
Mini<strong>on</strong><br />
GENOA ...<br />
NYOV, ...<br />
LILLE ...<br />
FISH.<br />
Marks.<br />
The Dauphin. Patr<strong>on</strong><br />
CHINA ...<br />
Old Nankin ware<br />
This mark varies much<br />
2i<br />
hp p 1761<br />
maj. p 16<br />
h p p color<br />
& gold<br />
IS5-<br />
maj. p 10<br />
h p p blue 1790<br />
h p sten & 1781<br />
p red<br />
li p p blue 969<br />
to HOfi
22 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
*<br />
CHINA<br />
Bow<br />
FLEUR-DE-LYS.<br />
CAPO DI MONTI, Naples<br />
Removed to<br />
BUEN RETIRO, Madrid<br />
MARSEILLES<br />
EOUEN ... p<br />
h p p blue 969<br />
to 1106<br />
s p p blue 173-<br />
s p p blue 1736<br />
176-<br />
pot pr color 1777<br />
color 1542
Sevres<br />
30<br />
ST. CLOUD<br />
SEVRES<br />
Marks.<br />
FLOWER.<br />
CHINA. (?) Sesamum<br />
s p imp 1702<br />
h p p blue 1830<br />
h p p color 1403<br />
(?) Emblems <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> l<strong>on</strong>gevity ,, p bluo<br />
//iese inarlis are from old<br />
Nankin ware; date un-<br />
to 1424<br />
p red 142G<br />
&gold to 1435
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
CHINA ... hp j i blue<br />
JAPAN. On old <strong>and</strong> modern<br />
ware in imitati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> old<br />
Nankin patterns ... h p
y<br />
i<br />
Marks.<br />
GEASS.<br />
CHINA. This mark is knoivr.<br />
as the " Grass Mark" but it<br />
is meant for a water plant ... h p p<br />
HAYFORK.<br />
blue 960<br />
to9G3<br />
RUDOLSTADT h D p color 1758<br />
A1SO WORCESTF.P<br />
p blue .,<br />
17-
I<br />
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
HATCHET (see AXE).<br />
HEAD.<br />
DELFT ... ... ... pot p color<br />
HEART.<br />
MOTJSTIERS. Olery<br />
NAPLES<br />
ST. SAMSON<br />
CHANTILLY<br />
LUDWIGSBUR<br />
HORN.<br />
pot p color 17<br />
maj<br />
pot imp 182-<br />
sp pblue 1725<br />
cr imp<br />
hp p red or 1758<br />
blue
Marks.<br />
LABEL.<br />
ORLEANS ... ... h & p color 1753<br />
Gerault Daraubert s p<br />
BERLIN<br />
LEAF.<br />
This mark is frequently painted<br />
in green or gold over the Berlin<br />
sceptre <strong>on</strong> damaged pieces<br />
GROSBREITENBACII ... h p p<br />
Sometimes a mere flourish<br />
CHINA ... ... ... h p p blue<br />
A great variety oj leaves are<br />
found <strong>on</strong> old Nankin ware,<br />
the mark was imitated by<br />
DELFT <strong>and</strong> other factories<br />
color 1770
A<br />
CHINA.<br />
Pottery<br />
<strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
(?) Bamboo leaves, mark <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> a h p p blue 1573<br />
Factory in King-te-chin ... 1619<br />
JAPAN. On ware painted with h p p blue<br />
Chinese patterns<br />
LETTERS.<br />
PARIS. Le basuf ...<br />
A is also found <strong>on</strong> Bow ware<br />
p red 177-<br />
ANSPACH. This mark varies h p p blu* 1 1718<br />
very much <strong>and</strong> sometimes<br />
looks like crossed swords
iTD<br />
A.K.<br />
A.N.<br />
AP<br />
Marks 29<br />
DELFT ... ... ...<br />
De G-dclcse A (The Alpha)<br />
J. T. Dickstraat or Dextra<br />
pot p blue 17G1<br />
DELFT ... ... ... pot p blue<br />
De Wittc Stcr (The White Star)<br />
A Kiell<br />
ALTENROLHAU<br />
A Nowotny Director<br />
U BEING<br />
Alph<strong>on</strong>so Patanazzi<br />
ARRAS ...<br />
h p & imp 1829<br />
pot<br />
maj p 1GO-<br />
s p p blue 1782<br />
AVJJ \<br />
I D7M. DEF.FT ... pot p I'/-
B<br />
B<br />
B. L.<br />
BlaR<br />
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
WORCESTER ... ... h p me 1793<br />
Bart-. B is also <strong>on</strong> Bow ware<br />
MARSEILLES<br />
B<strong>on</strong>nefoy<br />
DELFT ...<br />
J. Brouwer<br />
pot p color 1769<br />
pot p blue 175-<br />
SAINTES ... ... pot inc 1538<br />
Attributed to Bernard Pallissy<br />
BRISTOL<br />
GUBBIO<br />
Maestro Giorgio<br />
LUXEMBOURG<br />
BOCK.<br />
DELFT ...<br />
L.A KiElNE<br />
h p p color 1773<br />
maj p color 15-<br />
pot p color 180G<br />
&hp<br />
s p<br />
& pot<br />
p bin? 1773<br />
pot p blue
Cc<br />
CB<br />
GO<br />
BAYREUTH<br />
DELFT ...<br />
(?) Berghem<br />
DELFT ...<br />
(?) Vender Does<br />
ST. PETERSBURG ...<br />
Catherine<br />
BAYREUTH<br />
Marks.<br />
DELFT<br />
De Paauw (The Peacock)<br />
(?) Cornells Boumeester<br />
COALBROOK DALE<br />
LIMOGES<br />
PARIS ...<br />
Chanou<br />
pot p blue 15<br />
r>ot p biue<br />
pot p blue<br />
h p ,,176-<br />
h p p color 1744<br />
pot p blue .<br />
17<br />
h p p blue 1787<br />
h p p red 1773<br />
n p<br />
1781
*C*<br />
Pottery<br />
<strong>and</strong> Porcelain
g<br />
14*<br />
E BS<br />
5 F<br />
ST. PETERSBURG ...<br />
P. Kornilo/e<br />
MARIEBERG<br />
Ehrenreich, director<br />
DELFT<br />
T' j<strong>on</strong>gue Moriaans H<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>ft<br />
Marks. 33<br />
(The young Moors head.)<br />
BRISTOL<br />
(Imitati<strong>on</strong> Oriental.)<br />
FLORENCE<br />
(A late mark <strong>on</strong> Fine Pottery.)<br />
FAENZA ... ... maj<br />
(Many varieties <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the letter<br />
are found.)<br />
li p p blue 1762<br />
pot p color 1759<br />
&sp<br />
pot p 1764.<br />
hp p color 1773<br />
maj M 17<br />
FURSTENBERG hp pblue 1750<br />
F is also found <strong>on</strong> Bow ware<br />
DELFT ... ... ... pot p blui<br />
14
34 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
F.DV<br />
FI<br />
FP<br />
FR<br />
URBINO. F^ Xanto ... maj. p color 15<br />
MOUSTIERS. Feraud<br />
NAPLES ...<br />
Fab. del Vecchio, Napoli<br />
FLORENCE. For Firenze<br />
UREINO. F c . Patanazxi<br />
NEVERS<br />
PERKENHAMMER. Fischer<br />
Reichembach<br />
GUBBIO<br />
CAFJTAGIOLO. G is found <strong>on</strong><br />
Bow ware<br />
pot p color 178-<br />
maj. imp<br />
&hp<br />
maj. p<br />
ma. p<br />
17-<br />
17-<br />
1G08<br />
pot p color 3730<br />
maj.<br />
1802<br />
1536
6iK<br />
1179<br />
OVJ 1<br />
M<br />
H<br />
HB<br />
NAPLES. Giustiniani<br />
GERA ...<br />
GOTHA ..<br />
DELFT<br />
, ,<br />
Marks. 35<br />
T'oude Moriaans Hojft.<br />
maj. imp & 17 :<br />
p color<br />
h p p blue 1780<br />
" 175-<br />
pot p red<br />
p<br />
17-<br />
(The old Moor's head) pot p blue 1764<br />
Geertruy Verstelle.<br />
STBASBOUKG. Hann<strong>on</strong>g ... hp 1752<br />
& pot<br />
PARIS. Hann<strong>on</strong>g ... p color 1773<br />
NEVEKS. Henri Borne ... pot p<br />
DELFT. Jacobus Haider Adriens<br />
color 168-<br />
p color 176S
H.F<br />
7CS-7<br />
HVMD<br />
//a 2-<br />
NAPLES<br />
DELFT ...<br />
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
NUREMBERG<br />
Haws Kraut Villingen<br />
DELFT ..,<br />
Hendrick Van Hoorn<br />
DELFP ...<br />
THart (The Hart)<br />
Hendrick van Middeldijk<br />
LISBON ,<br />
DELFT ...<br />
(?) Jacobus de Milde<br />
DELFT ...<br />
maj. p 17<br />
pot p ted<br />
pot p blue 15<br />
pot p blue 1764<br />
pot p blue<br />
pot imp 13<br />
pot p blu6 1764<br />
pot p bine
I.P<br />
ITD<br />
7<br />
JJ?<br />
DELFT ...<br />
Jan Kuylich<br />
(?) PESARO. (?) In Pesaro .<br />
DELFT ...<br />
De Griekse A (The Alpha)<br />
Marks. 37<br />
JT. T. Dikstraat or Dextra.<br />
DELFT ...<br />
DELFT ...<br />
PARIS ...<br />
Jacob Petit<br />
LIMOGES<br />
J. Pouyat<br />
VOISONLIEU<br />
Jean Zeigler<br />
DELFT ...<br />
(?) Jan Kuylich<br />
pot p blue 1680<br />
maj p<br />
pot p blue 1761<br />
h p p blue 1790<br />
pot p red 18<br />
pot st color 1831<br />
& imp<br />
pot p blue
II<br />
m<br />
H.HCVJ/<br />
XV<br />
KVK<br />
LC<br />
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
DELFT ...<br />
Jan Kuylich<br />
KIEL ...<br />
Buchwald, director<br />
A. Leihamer, decorator<br />
DRESDEN<br />
DELYT ...<br />
LIMBACH<br />
MONTELUPO<br />
Given by Jacquemart, Wolfs<br />
Brush<br />
BRUSSELS<br />
L. GretU<br />
DELFT ...<br />
De Lampetkan (The Pitcher)<br />
Widow G. Brouwer<br />
pot pbluo 1GSO<br />
pgold<br />
or color<br />
hp p blue 17<br />
J> T<br />
177-<br />
.. pot 17-<br />
h p p red<br />
maj. p<br />
1761<br />
h p p color 1791<br />
pot p blue 17G4
B<br />
MAP<br />
If<br />
15* z<br />
BORDEAUX<br />
Lahens <strong>and</strong> Bateau<br />
DELFT ...<br />
(?) Van Dammelar<br />
CAFFAGIOLO<br />
SlNCENT<br />
Moulin<br />
PARIS ...<br />
Morel d Paris<br />
GUBBIO<br />
Maestro Giorgio<br />
Marks. 39<br />
h p p color IS-<br />
pot p blue<br />
maj p 15<br />
pot p color 18G1<br />
h p p blue 1773<br />
rcaj<br />
LOOSDEECHT ... ... h p p blue<br />
&<br />
177%<br />
^ ni P<br />
Manufactur oude Loosdrcch\<br />
Moll director,<br />
a.<br />
15
4 o Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
M.P<br />
MP<br />
A\VC<br />
IV<br />
KL<br />
N<br />
op<br />
OPORTO<br />
Rocha Soare<br />
pot p gold \1~<br />
or color<br />
DELFT... ... ... pot p blue 1639<br />
De Metaale Pot (The Metal Pot)<br />
Lamlertus Cleffius<br />
DELFT ...<br />
NEVERS<br />
BOURG-LA-REINE<br />
LILLE<br />
I Petit<br />
pot<br />
GUBBIO ... ... maj p<br />
Vincentio or Cencio s<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
GUBBIO<br />
Maestro Giorgio<br />
pot p color 15<br />
153-<br />
h p p bme 1773<br />
.,, pot p color 1778
LIVERPOOL<br />
Penningt<strong>on</strong><br />
PINXTON<br />
Marks.<br />
These letters are ascribed to<br />
Pinxt<strong>on</strong>, but t7ie wave was<br />
seldom marked<br />
GUBBIO<br />
? Maestro Perestino<br />
DELFT ...<br />
CAFFA.GIOLO<br />
KOTTEN...<br />
NlMES<br />
Plantier, B<strong>on</strong>courant $ Co.<br />
ROUEN<br />
DELFT ... ...<br />
P v Doornp<br />
pot p gold 1760<br />
& h p or color<br />
& imp<br />
s p p color 1791<br />
maj<br />
pot p<br />
maj p<br />
pot p color 15<br />
imp<br />
15-<br />
15-<br />
183<br />
pot p color 15<br />
pot p bluo 1761
PVM<br />
K<br />
R-n<br />
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
DELFT ...<br />
P van der Breil<br />
DELFT ...<br />
P van Meemm<br />
DELFT ...<br />
MARSEILLES<br />
Robert<br />
pot pblue 1G91<br />
pot pblue 1764<br />
p brown<br />
pot<br />
&hp<br />
p black 1777<br />
RKGENSBERG OR RATISBON h p p blue 17<br />
... b p p blue 17<br />
RAUENSTEIN ... ... h p p blue 1760<br />
DELFT ... ... ... pot<br />
COLOGNE. ..r<br />
. .v<br />
pot p<br />
blue 1.6
S<br />
S<br />
SX<br />
Ven?<br />
CAUGHLEY<br />
Salopian<br />
SCHLAKENWALD ...<br />
SlNCENT<br />
Marks. 43<br />
hp pblue 1750<br />
h p p<br />
color 180V.<br />
pot p color 1733<br />
SEVRES <strong>on</strong> white ware ... hp pr green 1833<br />
ST. CLOUD<br />
The Scratch denotes tJiat<br />
the piece left the factory<br />
undecorated. 18G<br />
Trow Director<br />
SCEAUX PENTHIEVRE<br />
VENICR<br />
BERLIN<br />
Wegeley, founder<br />
pot & p blue 173-<br />
sp<br />
up inc 1750<br />
maj p color 15<br />
&hp<br />
17-<br />
h p p blue 1751
44 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
WVB<br />
Al<br />
PLYMOUTH<br />
Probably the usual marie, the<br />
sign Jupiter, carelessly<br />
pencilled<br />
WORCESTER<br />
And others in imitati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> ,, ,<br />
oriental <str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
p p blue 176-<br />
s p p blue 1751<br />
DELFT ... ... ... pot p blue 1764<br />
De Twee Wildemans (The two<br />
Savages) Willem Van Beelc<br />
DELFT ...<br />
Widow van der Briel<br />
URBINO<br />
F co Xanto<br />
pot p blue 1764<br />
maj p<br />
maj<br />
maj p<br />
X p blue<br />
N red lustre
Z-DEJC<br />
GUBBIO<br />
ZURICH<br />
DELFT ...<br />
Dextra zo<strong>on</strong><br />
Marks. 45<br />
LINES.<br />
ALT HALDENSTEBEN<br />
COPENHAGEN<br />
The Sound, the great <strong>and</strong><br />
little Belts<br />
ST. PETERSBURG<br />
MITRE.<br />
maj p 15<br />
h p p blue 1759<br />
pot p 1765<br />
h p imp 17<br />
h p p blue 1772<br />
h p p blue 17<br />
WURZBURG h p p blue 17
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain
DELFT ...<br />
A Kielle<br />
Moscow<br />
A Pop<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>f<br />
APREY ...<br />
Marks. 47<br />
pot p blue 1761<br />
SI l<br />
h p p color 1830<br />
pot p black 1750<br />
DELFT ... ... pot p blue 1764<br />
De twee Scheepjes (The two<br />
Ships) Ant Pennis<br />
Moscow ... ... h p p color 1830<br />
A Pop<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>f<br />
DELFT ... ...<br />
Keyser
$6<br />
DELFT ...<br />
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
Keyser Sf Pyndker<br />
DRESDEN<br />
DRESDEN<br />
A modern mark<br />
PARIS ...<br />
Reverend<br />
DELFT ...<br />
ANSPACH or Frankenthal<br />
J. A Hann<strong>on</strong>jr<br />
TOURS ...<br />
Victor Avisseau<br />
NEVERS<br />
Jacques Bourdu,<br />
pot p col 1680<br />
hp p blue 1709<br />
p blue 13<br />
& imp<br />
pot p bluo 16<br />
.. ,. 16-<br />
.. hp 17-<br />
.. hp ,. 184-<br />
pot p color 1602
B.L E<br />
LUXEMBOURG<br />
NlEDERVILLEB<br />
Beyerle founder<br />
Marks. 49<br />
MARANS ... ... pot p<br />
Jean Pierre Roussencq<br />
NTON ... ... ... h p p<br />
Pierre Hulhausen decorator<br />
pot p color 180G<br />
& h p<br />
h p p blue 1760<br />
& pot<br />
color 1740<br />
blue 18<br />
COALBROOK DALB h p p blue 1787<br />
URBINO ... ... maj p 15-<br />
A air.iilar mark is dated 1549.<br />
STOKE-ON-TRENT<br />
SEVRES<br />
Charles<br />
Hp pr color 185-<br />
p p bine 1824
D/W<br />
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
VENICE ... ... maj p<br />
Probably Gian Andrea <strong>and</strong><br />
Pietro Bertolini<br />
COALBROOK DALE<br />
DlRTJTA<br />
PARIS ...<br />
Chanou<br />
URBINO<br />
Nicolo d' Urbino<br />
DELFT ...<br />
De Paauw (The Peacock)<br />
Jacobus de Milde 1764<br />
15-<br />
h p p blue 1787<br />
maj p 16-<br />
h p p red 1784<br />
maj p 15<br />
root p blue 1651
I*<br />
FAOrEBAT<br />
DlRUTA<br />
FLORENCE<br />
NEVERS<br />
Denis Lefebvre<br />
DELFT ...<br />
Johannes Mesch<br />
URBINO<br />
TOOLOUSE<br />
Marks.<br />
Fouque" Arnoux $ Co.<br />
LlLLiE ...<br />
F. Boussemart<br />
KREUSSEU<br />
Caspar V^t<br />
Hans Christophe Vest<br />
roaj p 16<br />
maj p 14<br />
pot p color 1636<br />
pot p blue 1680<br />
maj<br />
16<br />
pot p color 1820<br />
pot p color 1729<br />
pot p color 1610<br />
1G90<br />
PARIS ... ... ... h p p red 1780<br />
Dihl 4- Guerhard, Due d"4n-<br />
gouldine patr<strong>on</strong>
UK<br />
//f<br />
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
NUREMBERG<br />
George Liebolt<br />
pot p blue 16G7<br />
DELFT ... ... ... pot p blue 1761<br />
De drei porceleyno FlescJijes<br />
(The 3 <strong>porcelain</strong> bottles)<br />
Hugo Brouwer<br />
NUREMBERG<br />
NAPLES<br />
DELFT ...<br />
Jan Jan zo<strong>on</strong> Kuylich<br />
NUREMBERG<br />
Hans Kraut<br />
pot imp<br />
maj p 17<br />
pot p blue 1680<br />
pot p blue 15<br />
STRASBOURG & FRANKENTHAL pot p blue 17<br />
Paul Hann<strong>on</strong>g & h p & inc
| PARIS<br />
Marks. 53<br />
GUBBIO ... ... maj p 16<br />
Hipollito Rombariotti<br />
STRASBOURG & FRANKENTHAL pot p bluo 17<br />
Hann<strong>on</strong>g<br />
& h p<br />
FRANKENTHAL & STRASBOURG ,,<br />
J. 4* P. Hann<strong>on</strong>g<br />
NEVERS ... ... pot p<br />
Jacques Seignc<br />
color 17<br />
NIEDERVILLER ... pot sten 1802<br />
Lanfray<br />
& h p<br />
LIMBACH (?) ... ... h p p color 176-<br />
. Pffold<br />
... ... ... h p p<br />
Gros Caillou<br />
color 1773
54 Pottery ana Porcelain<br />
k<br />
53!?<br />
SEVRES ... ... fl p p blue 1753<br />
The letter indicates Hie date<br />
See Sevres<br />
Louis XVIII.<br />
MOTJSTIERS Olcry<br />
COLOGNE<br />
HEREND<br />
Maurice Fischer<br />
h p p blue 1814<br />
pot p color 17<br />
REGEKSBERG or Eatisb<strong>on</strong> ... h T> p blue 17<br />
pot p blue 1589<br />
hp pblue 1839<br />
DELFT ... ... ... pot p blue 1639<br />
De Metaale Pot (The Metal<br />
Pot)
me*<br />
ML<br />
15*44;<br />
ftw<br />
FAENZA<br />
URBINO<br />
Nicolo d' Urbino<br />
DELFT ...<br />
Q Kleynoven<br />
URH1NO<br />
Orazio F<strong>on</strong>tana<br />
Marks. 55<br />
maj p 154<br />
maj p 15<br />
pot pblue 1680<br />
maj p 15-<br />
CLIGNANCOURT ... ... h p st rod 1775<br />
M<strong>on</strong>ogram <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the patr<strong>on</strong> Louis<br />
Stanislas Xavier Comte de<br />
Provence<br />
DELIT ...<br />
(?) Philip Wouvermans<br />
pot p 10-
M<br />
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
DELFT ... ... ... pot p blue 16SO<br />
J. PynaJcer, C. Keyser 4- A.<br />
Pynalcer<br />
DELFT ... v . f .<br />
De Romeyn (The Roman)<br />
Petrus van Meerum<br />
DELFT ...<br />
P van der Briel<br />
DELFT<br />
De porceleyne Fles (The <strong>porcelain</strong><br />
bottle) Pieter van<br />
SEVEES<br />
Doorne<br />
R^pullique Franqaise<br />
GUBBIO<br />
(?) Salimbene<br />
pot p blue 1764<br />
pot<br />
1G91<br />
pot p blue 1764<br />
h p color 1792<br />
& s p<br />
maj p<br />
COALBROOK DALE ... h p P<br />
j<br />
j<br />
CaugJiley Swansea 4 1<br />
Nantganv<br />
blue 1861
DELFT ...<br />
Samuel Pict Roerdet<br />
DIRUTA<br />
CAFFAGGIOLO<br />
ST. AMAND<br />
Fauquez<br />
STOKE-ON-TIIENT<br />
Mini<strong>on</strong><br />
CASTELLI<br />
Sowerio Grue<br />
DELFT...<br />
Suter van der Even<br />
Marks. 57<br />
pot p blue 165<br />
maj p 16<br />
maj p 15<br />
pot p 175-<br />
h p p blue 179-<br />
or red<br />
maj p 17<br />
pot p blue 1580
H<br />
V<br />
I Veuve<br />
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
SCHAFFHAUSEN .<br />
Tobias Stimmer<br />
FAENZA<br />
. .<br />
pot p color 1560<br />
maj p 15<br />
DELFT ... ... ... pot p blue 1650<br />
Ant<strong>on</strong>i Ter Humpelin<br />
NEVERS<br />
Tite Ristori<br />
DELFT ... ... pot p<br />
Jan van der Kloot Jan Zo<strong>on</strong><br />
DELFT<br />
(?) Van der Even<br />
FESARO<br />
(?) Giovanni Vejaso<br />
MARSEILLES<br />
Perrin<br />
pot p color 1850<br />
blue 1764<br />
pot pblue 1580<br />
maj p 15<br />
pot p black 1760
VI URBINO<br />
W- Adams.<br />
Astbury.<br />
R. 4- J.<br />
Baddeley,<br />
Bailey
6o Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
Enoch Booth.<br />
Brameld.<br />
int.<br />
BPATbEFb<br />
KopHHAOBLDO<br />
Chamberlain.<br />
Child.<br />
Christian.<br />
Govlfwt.<br />
TUNSTALL<br />
SWINTON<br />
DELFT<br />
Verboom painter<br />
ST. PETERSBURG ...<br />
Kornel<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>fslci Brothers<br />
SWANSEA<br />
LIVERPOOL<br />
WORCESTER<br />
TUNSTALL<br />
LIVERPOOL<br />
COALBROOK DALE<br />
pot imp 1750<br />
b p pr red 1807<br />
& pot<br />
pot p color 1680<br />
h p pr color 1827<br />
h p p color 178-<br />
pot p color 1751<br />
h p p color<br />
& imp<br />
178-<br />
pot imp 1763<br />
pot imp 1765<br />
h p p blue 1787
Copel<strong>and</strong>.<br />
Marks. 61
62 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
Flight.<br />
Flight Sf Ban-<br />
Flight, Barr<br />
# Barr.<br />
n
Haclcwood.<br />
Marks.
o 4 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
E. Mayer.
Phillips $ Co.<br />
B. Plant.<br />
n<strong>on</strong>oBbi<br />
Pouyat $<br />
Russinger.<br />
Reid 4- Co.<br />
RocJcingham.<br />
SadlerfGreen.<br />
William Sans.<br />
1 ' MN<br />
SUNDEELAND<br />
LANE END<br />
Moscow<br />
A Pop<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>f<br />
PARTS ...<br />
De la Couriille<br />
LIVERPOOL<br />
SWINTON<br />
LIVERPOOL<br />
BUKSLEM<br />
SEVRES<br />
Nati<strong>on</strong>al Factory<br />
Imperial Factory<br />
Marks.<br />
pot pr color "V780<br />
pot imp 177-<br />
li p p color 1830<br />
h p p red 1773<br />
h p imp 175-<br />
pot imp 1757<br />
&hp<br />
pot pr color 175G<br />
&hp<br />
pot imp 167-<br />
s p st red 1S03<br />
h p st red 1806
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain.
m*<br />
Marks.
68 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
B*<br />
MALTA ..,<br />
NEVERS<br />
pot imp 18<br />
pot p color 15<br />
PLYMOUTH ... ... hp p blue 176-<br />
This marie, the sign <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Jupiter,<br />
is <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>ten c<strong>on</strong>sidered as 2, 4<br />
joined<br />
ST. CLOUD<br />
J. B. Chicanneau<br />
DELFT ...<br />
BERLIN<br />
SAVONA<br />
ORB.<br />
pot p color 1700<br />
pot p<br />
hp pblue 1830<br />
maj p 16
Marks. 6 9<br />
GtiBBio ... ... cnaj p<br />
ORIENTAL.<br />
CHINA ... ... ... h p p blue<br />
Old Nankin ware. Sacred axe<br />
,, Precious things. Instruments<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> writing<br />
Kwei, or emblems <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> u<br />
M<strong>and</strong>arin<br />
15
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
CHINA. ... ... h p p blue<br />
Instrument used as a tuning<br />
fork<br />
DELFT ... ... ... pot p bluo IB-<br />
In imitati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the '<br />
six mark '<br />
ANDENNES<br />
OVAL.<br />
B. Lammens Sf Co.<br />
UZES ...<br />
Francois Pich<strong>on</strong><br />
(?) VENICE<br />
On modern ware<br />
MONTET<br />
Laurjorois<br />
put imp 18<br />
maj p 18<br />
pot anp 18<br />
PEtiARO AND FAENZA ... maj p 15
X<br />
j<br />
I<br />
!<br />
Marks.<br />
PESAUO AND FAENZA<br />
VAL sous MENDON<br />
Mittenh<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>f ,<br />
COLOGNE<br />
PARIS ...<br />
Schloss),iacher<br />
LEEDS ...<br />
ARNSTADT<br />
PALETIE.<br />
PICKAXE.<br />
PIPE.<br />
ninj p<br />
pot imp 179-<br />
pot p blue 1C<br />
hp p gold 18<br />
pot p color 1770<br />
pot p color 17O-<br />
' VlNCENNEP . h 178~
72.<br />
t Pottery<br />
3)<br />
1<br />
*<br />
CAUGHLEY<br />
J. Roge S- Co.<br />
ROSE.<br />
<strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
DELFT ... ... ... pot .<br />
De Roos (the Rose), Dirk van<br />
dor Does<br />
SCEPTRE.<br />
... b p p color 1799<br />
p<br />
blue 17G4<br />
BERLIN hp pblae 170-<br />
SHELL OR HELMET.<br />
CHINA hp pblne
Marks<br />
CHINA ... h p p blue<br />
ANSPACH<br />
SHIELD.<br />
... ... h p p blue 1718<br />
NYMPHENBERG ... ... h p imp 1758<br />
SAVONA ... ... maj p<br />
Sometimes with initials G.<br />
A.G., (?) Gian Anto. Guido-<br />
fc<strong>on</strong>o, G. 8. 4* B. C.<br />
Girolamo Salom<strong>on</strong>s ...<br />
1C-
SAVONA<br />
DELFT ...<br />
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
VOLKSTADT<br />
TURIN ...<br />
And Shield al<strong>on</strong>e with Cross.<br />
Arms <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Savoy<br />
VIENNA<br />
COBRIDGE<br />
CHINA ...<br />
SIIIP.<br />
SQUARE MARKS.<br />
For other Square Maries, see<br />
Oriental, used also by<br />
WORCESTER <strong>and</strong> DRESDEN<br />
maj p 1C<br />
pot p rec* 1.7<br />
h p p color 17C2<br />
t r<br />
mnj p lo-<br />
li p imp or 1774<br />
p olue<br />
pot p blue 18<br />
h p p blue
H h<br />
DRESDEN<br />
Imitati<strong>on</strong> Oriental<br />
UKBINO<br />
Marks. 75<br />
On Bottger ware ... ",,<br />
Orazio F<strong>on</strong>tana<br />
DOCCIA<br />
NOVE .<br />
In Greek Characters<br />
STAR.<br />
p f blue 17<br />
maj p 15<br />
s p p color 1735<br />
hp p gold or 1750<br />
pot p red
X<br />
X<br />
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
SUN.<br />
ST. CLOUD ... ... pet p blue 1702<br />
.* sp<br />
SAVONA<br />
SWORD.<br />
OAUGHLEY ... ... h p p blue 1750<br />
DRESDEN ... ... h p p<br />
blue 1726<br />
1730
X x !<br />
DRESDEN<br />
Marks. 77<br />
., Marcolini Manager ...<br />
<strong>on</strong> White Porcelain for<br />
Sale ... ...<br />
<strong>on</strong> imperfect pieces<br />
...<br />
h p p blue 1770<br />
scratched<br />
through<br />
1796<br />
17
XX-<br />
DRESDEN<br />
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
ELBOGEN<br />
Bruhl Manager<br />
MONTREUIL<br />
Tinei<br />
TOURNAY<br />
(?) CAUGHLEY<br />
Attributed to Worcester<br />
WORCESTER<br />
h p 3 blue 1750<br />
17<br />
h p mp 1810<br />
p blue 18<br />
s p p gold 175-<br />
or blue<br />
hp pblue 177-<br />
sp p bine 17
Marks.<br />
WORCESTER s p j)<br />
TABLE.<br />
CHINA ... ... ... h p<br />
imitated by DERBY ...<br />
TOWETl.<br />
blue \7<br />
TOURNAT ., ... s p p tl"e 175
8o Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
I<br />
A<br />
VlNCENNES 8 p p color 17<br />
TRIANGLE.<br />
Bow, CHELSEA & DERBY<br />
BRISTOL<br />
DOCOIA<br />
KORZEC<br />
NYMPIIENBERO ...<br />
Hulaudier*<br />
s p & p gold & 17-<br />
h p<br />
color &<br />
imp & inc<br />
h p imp 18-<br />
&bis<br />
s p p gold 1735<br />
& imp<br />
. p<br />
p blue 1803<br />
hp {.blue 1753<br />
pot imp 1809
Bow<br />
CAUGHLKY<br />
TRIDENT.<br />
Marks.<br />
JA,e triangle imp<br />
CAPFAGIOLO<br />
Also attributed to Faenza<br />
Gubbio<br />
SWANSEA<br />
And <strong>on</strong>e trident<br />
BRISTOL<br />
VASES.<br />
The Cross imp<br />
JAPAN ...<br />
p blue 170-<br />
h p p blue 17<br />
maj ,. lo<br />
h y imp 18<br />
h p pr blue 18<br />
h f. imp 18<br />
color
82 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
Gunno<br />
WINDMILL.<br />
CLJGNA.NCOUKT ...<br />
Paries greatly<br />
inaj p blue 15<br />
&hp i color 1775
Majolica.<br />
MAJOLICA.<br />
THE manufacture <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Italian Pottery generally known<br />
as Majolica or RafFaelle ware was foi many years under<br />
the patr<strong>on</strong>age <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the Urbino family, <strong>and</strong> was principally<br />
carried <strong>on</strong> at Urbino, Gubbio, Pesaro, Castel Dnrante, Faenza<br />
<strong>and</strong> Dim c.i.<br />
The ware is coarse <strong>and</strong> bar], but it is valued for the<br />
decorati<strong>on</strong>s, which are from designs by RafFaelle, Michael<br />
Angelo, Guilio Romano, <strong>and</strong> other great masters; <strong>and</strong> some<br />
are thought to be painted with their own h<strong>and</strong>s.<br />
Marryat says :<br />
83<br />
" It was the usual custom for the Artists<br />
to write the title <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the subject, in blue characters <strong>on</strong> the<br />
back <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the dish, but rarely to affix their names <strong>and</strong> place <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
abode." The examples given will, it is hoped, be sufficient<br />
for the identificati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> such <str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g> as may be met with in<br />
duplicate, those that arc given in type are too large for<br />
ensravinor in a small h<strong>and</strong>book.
&<br />
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain.<br />
MAJOLICA.<br />
BASSANO, Venetia ... ... ... 1540<br />
Also with the signature <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Ant<strong>on</strong>io Terchi <strong>and</strong><br />
B Terchj<br />
CAFFAGIOLO, Tuscany ... ... ... 1507<br />
The ordinary mark is thus marie, it is S. P. in e<br />
m<strong>on</strong>ogram, sometimes the P is al<strong>on</strong>e given.<br />
,, The trident is used both with <strong>and</strong> without<br />
above. The name is also signed In Gafagolo<br />
This mark is also attributed to Faenza <strong>and</strong><br />
Gubbio<br />
(?) for Gafagiolo
FattoinBotega<br />
di Piccolpasso<br />
> 1841 !<br />
L. G. P.<br />
Or. Rocca di<br />
Castelli, 1732.<br />
Gentili P.<br />
"<br />
Majolica. 85<br />
CASTEL DURANTE, Urbino ... ... founded 1361<br />
The earliest known date is ... 12 Sep., 1503<br />
Sebastiano d' Marforio signs <strong>and</strong> dates a piece in 1519<br />
Francesco Durantino 1533<br />
,,<br />
The Chevalier Piccolpasso was director <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> a<br />
factory about<br />
On Modern Ware < in imitati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the old<br />
CASTELLI, Naples<br />
So attributed by Pusscri ...<br />
Saverio Grue. Also initials <strong>and</strong> name<br />
,, Luigi Grue ...<br />
, Fro. - Ani-<br />
Grue<br />
DIRUTA, Papal States<br />
Other varieties <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> this signature are found<br />
... 1550<br />
14<br />
1C<br />
... 17<br />
'><br />
... 1722<br />
... J-'2<br />
. 17-
86 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain.<br />
-inty<br />
J *<br />
HT<br />
FatainFaenza<br />
In Coxa Pirota<br />
DIRUTA, Papal States<br />
P AEN7A<br />
Given by Darcel as a mark <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> this factory ...<br />
1G-<br />
On <strong>on</strong>e <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the earliest pieces <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Majolica known 1475<br />
(?) Gubbio. Supposed to be Maestro Giorgio 14<br />
Many<br />
varieties <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the letter F are found ...<br />
Cosa Piroto The name <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> a factory <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
Facnza ... .,, .,, ... 15-
Yvioiuarcx ]<br />
ML<br />
Majolica.<br />
FAENZA<br />
And Avithout the circle ... ,,. 15<br />
Also attributed to Pesaro<br />
Many other varieties <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> this mark are found<br />
ft Also initials B. M. ,<br />
,,<br />
And B Avithout the T ...<br />
(?) Baldasara<br />
154-
ero.<br />
F.R.<br />
TAOEBA.T<br />
Pate m .F<br />
1542.<br />
I la, Bo tega d<br />
Mo Jero da<br />
Forli.<br />
AENZA<br />
Pottoy<br />
ana Porcelain.<br />
Attributed to Baldasara 15<br />
In a square, <strong>and</strong> initials <strong>on</strong>ly ... , .. M<br />
FLORENCE, Tuscany ... ... ... 14<br />
Luca della Robbia <strong>and</strong> his family mailc their<br />
famous ware here until about ... ... 15GO<br />
This mark <strong>and</strong> another, LR FA, 1451, is attributed<br />
,,<br />
to Luca, but both are very doubtful<br />
A late mark <strong>on</strong> fino <strong>pottery</strong><br />
(?) for Firenze<br />
.,<br />
17-<br />
FORLI ... ... ... 15-<br />
Also without date, <strong>and</strong> with signature <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
Lcucadius Solombrinus, 1555
Majolica.<br />
GENOA ... ... ... .<br />
The beac<strong>on</strong> is well known, it varies very much<br />
,,<br />
Given by Demmin<br />
GUBBIO, Urbino ... ... ... ... 14<br />
Giorgio Andreoli, afterwards known as Maestro .<br />
Giorgio, first used the beautiful metallic luttre<br />
which caused the Gubbio ware to be so valued<br />
Also ascribed to him ... .*. .<br />
15<br />
... 1519<br />
.,.<br />
1525
9o Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain.<br />
GUBBIO Maestro Giorgio<br />
,,<br />
B A, Merchants' mark...<br />
With merchants' mark<br />
Attributed to 3faes/ro<br />
...<br />
1528<br />
1532<br />
,. Vincentio or Cencio, s<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> M- Giorgio ... w<br />
15
O (?)<br />
17. A. I. Jlf.<br />
GUBBIO<br />
Majolica.<br />
AlsoN. G. , 15<br />
(?) Maestro Fercstino. Also signature in full ,.<br />
,, (?) Salimbcne ... 16-<br />
Ilipollilo TtombarioUi<br />
(?) Rovigo ...<br />
LODT, Lcmbarcly ...<br />
And with the initials <strong>on</strong>ly<br />
...<br />
1C-
*L<br />
5to,<br />
tf.B.<br />
31.<br />
1627.<br />
M te L*<br />
1639.<br />
15-2 /f<br />
r n.o<br />
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
MILAN. Lombardy<br />
And name <strong>on</strong>ly<br />
,<br />
17-<br />
On modern <strong>pottery</strong> ... ... , 18-<br />
MONTELUPO, Tuscany ... ... ,.., 1G-<br />
NAPLES<br />
Vaviously written<br />
With signature Raffaello Girolamc<br />
Given by Jacquemart ... ... p black<br />
(?) Wolf's brush modern<br />
Crown <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> various shapes, some-<br />
times B. C.
EDV<br />
N<br />
H.F<br />
C<br />
Padva.<br />
A. Padoa.<br />
Majolica. 93<br />
NAPLES.<br />
And Ferdin<strong>and</strong>o del Vecchio Napoli imp in full 17<br />
So attributed<br />
Giustiniani Brothers ...<br />
And in outline<br />
PADUA, Venetia ...<br />
With date, 1548<br />
1563<br />
. 17<br />
... imp 17<br />
... p<br />
& p color<br />
blue 17<br />
15-
94_<br />
In Fesaro.<br />
FattoinPesaro<br />
IP<br />
Ravena.<br />
In Arimin<br />
1535.<br />
In Rimino<br />
1535.<br />
Fato in<br />
Ariminensis<br />
1635.<br />
Fatto in Roma<br />
da Gio Pavlo<br />
Savino<br />
M.D.C.<br />
In Roma.<br />
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain.<br />
PESARO<br />
With dates, 1542 to 1765<br />
Doubtful<br />
(?) Giovanni Vejaso<br />
EAVENNA<br />
Between two flourishes<br />
RIMINI<br />
Stiffly written<br />
EOME ...<br />
Pencilled in oval<br />
Pencilled <strong>and</strong> impressed<br />
,<br />
.<br />
li<br />
15-<br />
... 1512<br />
,<br />
,<br />
10-<br />
15-<br />
* 1C35<br />
...<br />
16-<br />
. 1COO
Alma Roma<br />
1623.<br />
9<br />
61<br />
EOME.<br />
SAVONA, Genoa ...<br />
(?) Guidob<strong>on</strong>o<br />
Majolica. 95<br />
Girolamo Salom<strong>on</strong>s<br />
., With initials G. A. G. (Gian Ant .. Guidob<strong>on</strong>o)<br />
<strong>and</strong> G. S. (tSalom<strong>on</strong>e) & B. C. ..<br />
16-<br />
16-
L L<br />
Fata t Siena.<br />
Bar Terese<br />
Roma.<br />
F. G.<br />
Treviso.<br />
N.<br />
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain.<br />
SAVONA, Genoa ~. 16<br />
SIENA, Tuscany<br />
With signatures <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> M Benedetto<br />
,,<br />
,,<br />
Bartolomeo Terenzio Romaw-o<br />
Also in m<strong>on</strong>ogram Ferdin<strong>and</strong>o Ma.no,<br />
Campani ...<br />
TREVISO, Lomardy<br />
In circle<br />
So attributed<br />
TURIN, Piedm<strong>on</strong>t ... ... ... 15<br />
And Shield al<strong>on</strong>e with Cross. Arms <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Savoy<br />
10-<br />
15<br />
1727<br />
1733<br />
15
FattainTorino TURIN, Piedm<strong>on</strong>t<br />
Fabrics Reale<br />
di Torino<br />
1737.<br />
.f.XA-K^<br />
-Til /<br />
/ t/rAino.<br />
UEBINO<br />
So attributed<br />
Majolica. 97<br />
Xanto Avelli da Rovigo<br />
..<br />
...<br />
1577<br />
17<br />
... 14<br />
p colour 15<br />
X in blue, N in red lustre, probably Viceniio's<br />
mark<br />
H
9 8 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain.<br />
URBINO<br />
^V ^<br />
Francesco Xanto Avelli<br />
A<br />
JE<br />
15-<br />
,, Orazio F<strong>on</strong>tana 15-<br />
Urlino Fecit<br />
In Greek character!<br />
A similar mail; dated 1519<br />
A T ico7o d' UrUno. About<br />
also signed Niculo di V.
T. R. F.<br />
1587.<br />
F. G. C.<br />
Alf. P. F.<br />
Vrbini, 1606.<br />
A.P<br />
RE<br />
B. F. V. F.<br />
VI<br />
UBBINO<br />
Majolica. 99<br />
Nicolo d' Urbino ...<br />
Ger<strong>on</strong>imo Vrliino, with dato<br />
Also with initials E F B, dated<br />
... 15<br />
...<br />
1583<br />
... 1587<br />
,<br />
1594<br />
,, Alf<strong>on</strong>zo Patanazzi. Also name in full ... 1006<br />
Francesco Patanazzi. Also name in full ... 1608<br />
Vicenzio Patanazzi, aged 12 years ... 1619<br />
,, (?) Luca Cambiasi, <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Genoa ... ... 16<br />
,, (?) Battista Franco Urbini Fecit ... ...
UB.BINO<br />
VENICE<br />
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
Also attributed to Faenza<br />
Venczia ic also written in full<br />
Probably Gian Andrea <strong>and</strong> Pietro Berlolini,<br />
too c<strong>on</strong>fused to be made clearer<br />
,<br />
16-<br />
... 1545<br />
., A well-known mark, with many variati<strong>on</strong>s ... 17<br />
Doubtful<br />
Factories. 101<br />
FACTOEIES.<br />
ALTENROLHAU near Carlsbad,<br />
Germany ... ... pot imp 1829<br />
A. Nowotny, Director & h p<br />
AMSTEL,Oude 3nearAr sterdam,<br />
Holl<strong>and</strong> ... ... hp p blue 1782<br />
AMSTEL, Nicwer ... ... h p p blue 15<br />
AMSTERDAM, Holl<strong>and</strong> ... h p ji blue 1772<br />
A. Daeuber, Director ... , t 178-
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
AMSTERDAM, Holl<strong>and</strong><br />
Hartog $ Br<strong>and</strong>eis<br />
ANDENNES, France<br />
B. Lammens $ Co.<br />
A. Der V<strong>and</strong>er Wcert<br />
pot p color 1780<br />
pot imp 18<br />
ANsrACH, Bavaria ... h p p blue 1718<br />
And other varieties <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the<br />
A^sometimes like crossed<br />
s words<br />
The Eagles <strong>and</strong> Shields t , n n<br />
vary very much, <strong>and</strong><br />
sometimes <strong>on</strong> A used<br />
without the letter
P<br />
X<br />
io 4 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
\ BADEN-BADEN, Germany<br />
Widwu Sperl<br />
BAYRETJTII, Bavaria ... pot p<br />
n<br />
BERLIN, PRUSSIA.<br />
h p p gold 1753<br />
or color<br />
black )k 15-<br />
rot D blue 15<br />
kip p 1744<br />
Established by W. G. Wegeley, in 1751, <strong>and</strong> purchased<br />
by Frederick the Great, in 1763. Pott, a chemist at<br />
this factory, claims the inventi<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> transfer printing <strong>on</strong><br />
<strong>porcelain</strong>.<br />
BERLIN, Prussia.<br />
Wegeley h p p blue 1751
1<br />
KPK<br />
BERLIN, Prussia<br />
Factories. 105<br />
Royal Factory. Many<br />
forms <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> sceptre ... h p p blue 176-<br />
K<strong>on</strong>igliche PorzelleR.<br />
Manufactur<br />
This Ea,gle is also used by<br />
Schuman, <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Hoabit,<br />
with namet<br />
Frequently painted tn<br />
green or gold over the<br />
sceptre mark, <strong>on</strong><br />
damaged pieces<br />
1830<br />
r 1850<br />
18
io6 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
B<br />
BlaR<br />
op<br />
*<br />
I:<br />
t<br />
BORDEAUX, France<br />
Lahens 4" Rateau<br />
BOURG-LA-EEINE, France .-. s p p<br />
Le Chappelet ,<br />
BOW.<br />
h p p color 18<br />
4 pot<br />
blue 1773<br />
This factory ivas established about 1735, "but did not<br />
become celebrated until many years later.<br />
Bow e p p blue 173
it<br />
To<br />
Bow<br />
Factories. 107<br />
The form <strong>and</strong> positi<strong>on</strong><br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the sword vary<br />
The triangle has l<strong>on</strong>g been<br />
c<strong>on</strong>sidered a Bow mark t<br />
but recent researches<br />
have rendered it doubt-<br />
ful, it is <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>ten hard to<br />
say if it is a Bow or<br />
Triangle, the latter is<br />
now proved to have been<br />
used at CHELSEA <strong>and</strong><br />
DERBY<br />
Triangle, imp<br />
A. B. F. G. & K. are also<br />
found, probably workmen's<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
Also BRISTOL<br />
B p p blue 173-<br />
p red<br />
&gold<br />
imp<br />
inc '<br />
p gold<br />
& color<br />
p Dine
io8 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
ELERS<br />
*<br />
B<br />
B<br />
BRA i>WELL pot imp 1600<br />
BRISTOL<br />
Founded ly llicliard h p p color 1772<br />
Champi<strong>on</strong><br />
,, And other imitati<strong>on</strong>s <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
Oriental <str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g> ... ,,<br />
The cross impressed hp pr blno IS<br />
& biscuit<br />
imp<br />
For Tebo, the modeller.<br />
Many other ivorlcmeris<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g> are found ino 17-
LC<br />
JB<br />
J{. S/iau-e.<br />
WEDGWOOD.<br />
Wedgwood.<br />
Wedgwood <<br />
Bentley.<br />
Aar<strong>on</strong> Wood.<br />
Enoch Wood.<br />
Wood&<br />
Caldwell.<br />
Steel.<br />
BEUSSELS, Belgium<br />
L. Crette<br />
BURSLEM, Staffordshire<br />
And Ralph T<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>t<br />
Factories. 109<br />
h p p color 1791<br />
P .><br />
pot in relief 1G70<br />
.1 , imP 167 ~<br />
173-<br />
175-<br />
1768<br />
175-<br />
1783<br />
1790<br />
18
10 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
caen<br />
CALDAS<br />
PORTUCAI<br />
BUEN RETIRO (Madrid), Spain<br />
,,<br />
,,<br />
Attributed to Royal<br />
Factory, Charles III.,<br />
but probably LUDWIQS-<br />
BUKQ<br />
The Capo di M<strong>on</strong>te mark<br />
is found <strong>on</strong> early pieces<br />
And M <strong>on</strong>ly ...<br />
CAEN, France<br />
Also in capitals<br />
CALDAS, Portugal<br />
Mafra^ maker. Imitati<strong>on</strong>s<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Palissy ware<br />
CAPO DI MONTI, Naples<br />
And various other forms<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Fleur de lys<br />
Ferdin<strong>and</strong> IV, patr<strong>on</strong> ...<br />
s p p color<br />
& pot<br />
176-<br />
h p p red 1793<br />
pot imp 18<br />
s p p blue 1736<br />
p red 1759<br />
or blue<br />
& imp.
Os<br />
D. D. & Co.<br />
CASTLEFOED<br />
POTTERY.<br />
SALOPIAN.<br />
CAPO DI MONTI, Naples<br />
Factories. ii i<br />
This factory has success-<br />
fully imitated old ma-<br />
jolica<br />
Ferdin<strong>and</strong>us Rex<br />
CASEMKNE, France<br />
Lafl4cliere <strong>and</strong> Pzillaird<br />
CASTLEFOED. near Leeds<br />
D. Dunderdale<br />
CAUGHLEY, Shropshire<br />
Established in 1750, by<br />
. Brown, taken in 1772<br />
by Thomas Turner .<br />
Crescent marked thus is<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>ten mistaken for J)<br />
arid attributed to<br />
Duesbury <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> DERBY.<br />
s p p color J79<br />
p color 1780<br />
pot imp 18<br />
pot imp 1790<br />
h p p blue 1750<br />
p blue
112 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
s<br />
X<br />
TURNER.<br />
CAUUHLEY, Shropshire ... h p p blue 1750<br />
And other numerals thus<br />
treated, to rescmUe<br />
oriental <str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
,, (?) Turner,<br />
WORCESTER<br />
Rose Sf Co. ...<br />
CHAM-TILLY, France<br />
Also u'ithname<br />
attributed lo<br />
h p imp 1772<br />
& pot<br />
h p p blue 17<br />
p blue J77-<br />
color 1799<br />
s p p blue<br />
<strong>and</strong> imp
'Si/*<br />
A 4<br />
Ti<br />
Factories*<br />
CHELSEA.<br />
This factory, established in {he 17th century, acquired<br />
little celebrity until about 1750, when the modelling <strong>and</strong><br />
beauty <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the paste rendered its producti<strong>on</strong>s equal to<br />
those <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> any foreign factory.<br />
CHELSEA<br />
The best quality in gold<br />
p imp 174-<br />
p gold<br />
or rod<br />
174
M<br />
Pottery<br />
<strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
CHELSEA ... ... s p p gold 1745<br />
And with name in full<br />
CLIGNANCOURT, near Paris ... h&spp<br />
This varies very much<br />
or red<br />
& imp<br />
r /v* " M<strong>on</strong>ogram <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the Patr<strong>on</strong>, h p st red<br />
/r / f<br />
^*<br />
|&<br />
^-><br />
Louis Stanislas Xavier,<br />
Comte de Provence<br />
color IV "5<br />
Porcelaine de M<strong>on</strong>sieur tt f 1780<br />
CoALrORT, or COALBROOK h p p blue 1787<br />
DALE, Shropshire<br />
^wd C. J>aZe ... ... .. .,<br />
18
%><br />
MX<br />
Voyez.<br />
I<br />
RV/c.<br />
Factories.<br />
COALFORT, or COALBROOK<br />
DALE, Shropshire<br />
Caughley, Swansea, Nant-<br />
garw, united 1821<br />
... ... h p p blue 18<br />
1861<br />
COBRIDGE, Staffordshire ... pot imp 1773<br />
p blue 18-<br />
COLOGNE, Germany pot ] blut, 1589<br />
16-
oi6 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain
CEIEL.<br />
D<br />
ITD<br />
7<br />
Cm EL, Franco<br />
Factories.<br />
Also with m<strong>on</strong>ogram <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
St<strong>on</strong>e-Coquerel <strong>and</strong> Lc<br />
Gros <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Paris<br />
DAMH, Germany ...<br />
DELFT, HOLLAND<br />
pot imp J7S-<br />
h P p blue 17<br />
Potteries were established here at a very early date;<br />
it is said that fine ware was produced in 1480, nothing<br />
certain is Icnoivn lefore 1614, when a patent ivas granted<br />
to Cla.es Janssen Wytman's,for making <strong>porcelain</strong>, probably<br />
fine <strong>pottery</strong>.<br />
DELFT, Holl<strong>and</strong><br />
The A *<br />
PHA De Griekse. A.<br />
J. T. Dextra or Dilcstraat<br />
Mark registered<br />
pot p blue<br />
17G1
n8<br />
DEX<br />
7<br />
I. H. D.<br />
DELFT,<br />
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
Holl<strong>and</strong> ...<br />
Zo<strong>on</strong> Dexlra ...<br />
,, On tyare ttrMTi same pat-<br />
,,<br />
terns as that with first<br />
mark<br />
The works were carried <strong>on</strong><br />
by Ja robus Haider<br />
Adriens Zo<strong>on</strong> in 1765...<br />
(?) Jacobus Haider<br />
Cornells van Os had the<br />
works in 1767<br />
,, ThoA.XE. DeByl<br />
Justus Brouwer<br />
pot p blue 1764<br />
,, p bluo<br />
17C5<br />
rcg 17G4
'80<br />
DELFT, Holl<strong>and</strong> ...<br />
Factories.<br />
Justus Brouwer.<br />
This is also attribuied to<br />
A.Kielle, <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the Wliite<br />
Star.<br />
The CLAW. De Klaauw<br />
Lambertus S<strong>and</strong>erus.<br />
,, This mark is so varied<br />
that it is usually " un-<br />
known." It has leen<br />
called The Griffin !<br />
The DOUBLE PITCHER.<br />
DC Dubbelde Schenkkan<br />
Thomas Spa<strong>and</strong><strong>on</strong>clc...<br />
pot p blue 1764<br />
reg 17G4<br />
17G4
I 20 Pottery<br />
tjTUTLl.\<br />
(A.<br />
,T. H. F.<br />
Int. Fortuyn.<br />
De<br />
I. D. A.<br />
DELFT, Holl<strong>and</strong><br />
<strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
,, FORTUNE. T' Fortuyn... pot p blue reg 1'J'J!<br />
Pieter van der Briel<br />
., TFccluice i'. d. Uriel<br />
,,<br />
The GOLDEN BOAT. /H<br />
tier vergulde Boot<br />
Johannes der Appel<br />
TLc GOLDEN FLOWERPOT<br />
De vergulde blompot ...<br />
P. Verberg<br />
1704
HVMD<br />
MP<br />
E. B. S.<br />
j<br />
Factories. 12.1<br />
DELFT, Holl<strong>and</strong><br />
The HART. T' Hart ... pot p blue rcg 17G4<br />
,,<br />
Hendrik van Middeldijk<br />
The METAL POT<br />
De Metaale Pot<br />
Lartibertus Clejjfius<br />
Pietcr Paree<br />
...<br />
The old MOOB'S HEAD ...<br />
In V oude Moriaans Hojft<br />
Geertruy Verstelle<br />
Tbe young MOOR'S HEAD<br />
Tj<strong>on</strong>gue Moriaans H<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>ft<br />
Widow <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Picler Jan<br />
v. d. Hagen<br />
Probably a mark <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>on</strong>e or<br />
other <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> these factories<br />
The PEACOCK. De Paaaw<br />
Jacobus de Milde<br />
p color<br />
1639<br />
1704<br />
pblae .. 1G51<br />
>,<br />
17C1
122 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain.<br />
7='<br />
twn<br />
PVM<br />
DELFT, Holl<strong>and</strong><br />
Jacobus de Milde pot blue [i 17C1<br />
,,<br />
(?) Cornells Boumeester<br />
The PORCELAIN BOTTLE<br />
De Porceleyne Fles<br />
Pieter van Doorne ...<br />
The PORCELAIN PLATTER<br />
De Porceleyne Sclwotel<br />
., Johannes van Duyn ...<br />
, t<br />
Tlte EOMAN<br />
De Romeyn<br />
Petrus van Merum<br />
reg 17G4
DELFT, Holl<strong>and</strong><br />
Factories. 123<br />
,, Janv<strong>and</strong>erKlootJanzc<strong>on</strong> pot p blue 1764<br />
/oo7; thejactory<br />
The EOSB ...<br />
De Roos<br />
Dirfe van der Does<br />
The THREE BELLS<br />
De drie klokken<br />
W. van der Does<br />
This varies so much<br />
that it is <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>ten<br />
" unknown "<br />
Doubtful<br />
ieg!7G4
I2 4 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
FB<br />
Hooren.<br />
7?<br />
WVB<br />
L P Kan<br />
DELFT, Holl<strong>and</strong><br />
,, The THREE PORCELAIN rel7(M<br />
BOTTLES De drle Par-<br />
cel eyrie fleschjes<br />
,, Hufjo Brouwer ... pot p blue ,,<br />
The THREE PORCELAIN<br />
BARRELS De drie Por-<br />
celeyn asl<strong>on</strong>nen<br />
Hendrick van Hoorn ... ,,<br />
The Two SHIPS ...<br />
De twee Sheepjes<br />
,, Ant. Pennis ... ... ,, , ,,<br />
The Two WILD MEN ... ;..<br />
DC twee wildemans<br />
,, Widow <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Willem van ,.<br />
Beek<br />
The WATER CA:T ... -.<br />
De Lampetkan<br />
W(dow <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Gerardus Brouwer
AK-<br />
/t/C<br />
As<br />
DELFT, Holl<strong>and</strong><br />
The WHITE STAB<br />
De ivitie stcr<br />
J<br />
Factories. 125<br />
(?)FancZrJ,osc/<br />
,. Beryliem<br />
fi^t^r variati<strong>on</strong>s<br />
pot p brie<br />
reg 17G4<br />
J774
LVj<br />
V<br />
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
DELFT, Holl<strong>and</strong><br />
,,<br />
Isaalc Lrouwer<br />
(?) Van der Does<br />
(?) Van Dammelar<br />
Suter van der Even<br />
Ifartmus<br />
so attributed<br />
^Inf<strong>on</strong>i Ter Hwnpelin<br />
plMue<br />
1750<br />
1580<br />
-eg 1G75<br />
color 1650
IfK<br />
UK<br />
J-ff<br />
r<br />
Bf<br />
\ DELFT, Holl<strong>and</strong><br />
Q. Kleynoven<br />
Factories.<br />
Jan Kuylicli the younger<br />
Johannes Mesch<br />
Cornells Keyser<br />
Jacobus Pynalcer <strong>and</strong><br />
Adrien Pynaker<br />
12<br />
p blue re^f 1680<br />
*i<br />
-<br />
.
128 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
DELFT, Holl<strong>and</strong><br />
,, Keyset* 4* Pynal:er p<br />
,,<br />
,,<br />
"<br />
Jan Steen<br />
Samuel Piet Roerdcr<br />
Willem van der Velde ..,<br />
Abraham Verboom<br />
Piet *r iseer ... ..<br />
(?) Philip Wouvermans ..<br />
I<br />
blue xG80<br />
color<br />
1650<br />
1660<br />
1680<br />
1769<br />
15-
AVIf<br />
T>7M.<br />
2l><br />
1173<br />
6-JVC<br />
G")&<br />
'779<br />
HX2-<br />
DELFT, Holl<strong>and</strong><br />
Factories-<br />
UNKNOWN MARKS<br />
(?) In 7 71<br />
129<br />
p co 1 or 1773<br />
pblufe<br />
p rea<br />
p bl**
xw<br />
KVK<br />
MVC<br />
4<br />
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
DELFT, Holl<strong>and</strong><br />
UNKNOWN MARKS<br />
., (?) Jan Kuylich<br />
On ware painted<br />
in the<br />
style <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Majolica. An<br />
imitati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> a Sav<strong>on</strong>a<br />
mark-<br />
p blue<br />
f blue 1731<br />
p oolor<br />
p bine<br />
p red 17
4#<br />
Factories..
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
PEHBY.<br />
Founded in 1751, ly W. Duesbury, who, in 1770, pur-<br />
chased the Chelsea Works, <strong>and</strong>, in 1781, removed the<br />
moulds <strong>and</strong> models to Derby; also Bow, 1770.<br />
DERBY ... .. s p p red<br />
Duesbury.<br />
DERBY CHELSEA ... ... s p<br />
Later in lilac, then in red<br />
CROWN DERBY ... ... h p p<br />
p gold<br />
or red<br />
p gold<br />
Also without the dots or violet<br />
with m<strong>on</strong>ogram D K<br />
1756<br />
1770<br />
177-<br />
red 1780<br />
Duesbury <strong>and</strong> Kean ... ,, ., 1798<br />
- Also with in old English<br />
type ^ 1780
A<br />
Joshua Heath.<br />
DEJIBY<br />
Factories. 133<br />
,, In imitati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the Sevres h p p<br />
, ,<br />
mari violet<br />
In imitati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the Chinese<br />
,, Probably a workman* t<br />
mark<br />
red or 1798<br />
p blue<br />
M<br />
& imp<br />
And in oval h p pr color [ 183g<br />
Stevens<strong>on</strong> $ Hancock ... lip p<br />
Cockpit Hall<br />
DOCCIA, near Florence, Italy<br />
Various star <str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
color 186-<br />
pot imp 1760<br />
9 p p color 1735<br />
imp &<br />
p gold
'34<br />
GINORI.<br />
<br />
C/PO<br />
Pottery<br />
<strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
DOCCIA, near Florence, Italy...<br />
The founder's name<br />
The Capo di M<strong>on</strong>ti mould*<br />
were transferred here<br />
about<br />
DRESDEN, SAXONY.<br />
n I> imp 1735<br />
1821<br />
The first European Porcelain manufactory, established<br />
by Augustus II. in 1709, under the management <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
fiottjer.<br />
DRESDEN, Sax<strong>on</strong>y<br />
,, Augustus Rex, founder ... hp p<br />
The Caduceus (sale mark)<br />
Bottger ware<br />
And other square <str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
in imitati<strong>on</strong> oj oriental<br />
blue 1709<br />
1712<br />
to 1720<br />
about 1718
factories. '35<br />
, {Sax<strong>on</strong>y...<br />
Herold, manager<br />
,, 'Brulil, manager<br />
Alcissen porzeilen manu*<br />
faclur. A'so without<br />
the words.<br />
h p p blue 1720<br />
1720<br />
1730<br />
17-
x<br />
X<br />
XX<br />
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
DEES DEN, Sax<strong>on</strong>y...<br />
Early mark<br />
Sachsiche porzellen mami-<br />
factur<br />
K<strong>on</strong>igliche porzellen manu-<br />
factur<br />
,, Harcolini, manager ... 9 ,<br />
,,<br />
On white <strong>porcelain</strong> (per-<br />
fect), for sale.<br />
On imperfect pieces<br />
p p blio 17<br />
l> blue<br />
scratched<br />
through<br />
1750<br />
17-<br />
1770<br />
I79G
Wedgwood$Co<br />
DRESDEN, Sax<strong>on</strong>y...<br />
Un 'imperfect pieces<br />
,,<br />
Factories, 137<br />
On faulty table goods<br />
A modern imitati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
early mark<br />
b p p blao 17<br />
scratched<br />
through<br />
p blue 18<br />
& imp<br />
ELBOGEN, Bohemia ... h p imp 1810<br />
see Wedgwood<br />
FERRYBRIDGE, near TJurslcm ,,<br />
& pot
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
FLORENCE, Italy .., * p p color 1580<br />
This varies very much<br />
,, The arms <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
the Medici<br />
family. Rare marie.<br />
FEANKENTHAL, Bavaria ... h p p bltto 1754<br />
The arms <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>. Hann<strong>on</strong>g<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Strasbourg, removed<br />
here, 1753.<br />
Paul Hann<strong>on</strong>g<br />
Also J. A. H. t in m<strong>on</strong>ogram & pot fc in/<br />
Carl Theodore, patr<strong>on</strong> ... hp p<br />
FULDA, Germanv ...<br />
Furstlick Fuidaisch<br />
...<br />
15<br />
blue 1761<br />
p blue 17G3<br />
to 17SO
t FULDA,<br />
R.<br />
Germany ...<br />
On figure?..<br />
FURSTENBEEG, Germany<br />
,,<br />
GERA<br />
GOT u *<br />
Factories. 139<br />
The F varies very much...<br />
,, Rotheribcrg, the founder<br />
GROSBREITENBACH<br />
Sometimes a mere flourish<br />
h p p blue 17G3<br />
h p p blue 170<br />
h p p blue 1780<br />
b p p blue 175-<br />
h p p r-olor 1770
1 4o Pottery ana Porcelain<br />
E. Mayer.<br />
Lakin fy Poole.<br />
Shorthose.<br />
NEALE & Co.<br />
J. MEIGH &<br />
SONS.<br />
NEELD.<br />
HAGUE (THE), Holl<strong>and</strong> ... hp p blue 177-<br />
J Stork the Arms oj ihe<br />
Town<br />
HALDENSTEBEN, ALT, Germany hp imp<br />
HANLEY<br />
Also Heigh .<br />
In imitati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Wedgwood<br />
pot imp<br />
17<br />
177-<br />
1776<br />
U79<br />
173-<br />
178
J. Keeling.<br />
Eastwood.<br />
Shorthose Sf<br />
Heath.<br />
T. SNEYD,<br />
HANLEY.<br />
Mas<strong>on</strong>'s<br />
Ir<strong>on</strong>st<strong>on</strong>e<br />
China.<br />
HEREND.<br />
H)<br />
HANLEY<br />
Factories. 141<br />
W. Baddeley<br />
Lane Delph, near ... ,, pr<br />
HERCULANEUM see LIVEKPOOL.<br />
pot imp 179-<br />
18<br />
color 1813<br />
HEREND, Hungary h p p blue 1800<br />
Also Shield $ Crown <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
Austria, fy Shield %<br />
Crown <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Hungary.<br />
Maurice Fischer ... 1839<br />
HESSE CASSEL, Germany ... h p p blue 1763<br />
HESSE DARMSTADT, Germany h p p blue 1756<br />
HILDERSHEIM, Germany h p p blue 1760
D<br />
KiEETb<br />
\S<br />
n ^<br />
3T<br />
fitd<br />
T<br />
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
HOCHST, near Mayence, Germany h p p gold 1720<br />
The arms <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the Archbish'm & color<br />
Dahl<br />
KIEF. Russia<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Maymce<br />
KIEL, Denmark ...<br />
Bu.chwald, Director<br />
Abr. Leihamer fecit<br />
Also K. T. G ...<br />
pot p color 1791<br />
&hp<br />
pot p color 178-<br />
pot p gold 177-<br />
or color<br />
KORZEC, Pol<strong>and</strong> ... ... h p p blue 1803<br />
,,<br />
The mark varies very much,<br />
<strong>and</strong> is sometimes usea<br />
with the name<br />
KREUZEN, Germany<br />
Caspar Vest<br />
Hans Christoplie Vest<br />
pot p color 1610<br />
to 1GOO
J. Lockett.<br />
TURNER.<br />
B. Plant.<br />
T. Harley,<br />
Lane Lnd.<br />
1<br />
Maf 4 Newld<br />
Bailey $<br />
Batlcin.<br />
LEEDS TT'irTia LEEDS<br />
' POTTERY.<br />
UlU<br />
Factories.<br />
LANE END or LONGTON,<br />
Staffordshire<br />
Mayer Sf Ncwbold<br />
Also with name, Hartley,<br />
Green $ Co.<br />
LILLE, France<br />
Dorez<br />
D is also found <strong>on</strong> s<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>t paste.<br />
1 43<br />
pot imp 17<br />
pot & imp<br />
hp<br />
imp & 18<br />
pr color<br />
pot imp - 18<br />
1762<br />
177-<br />
1809<br />
pot imp 177(?<br />
p color<br />
imp<br />
pot p oobr 1711<br />
j,<br />
174-<br />
17
1 44<br />
I<br />
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
LILLE, France<br />
F. Boussemart.<br />
Petit<br />
pot p color 1729<br />
1778<br />
Patr<strong>on</strong>, The Dauphin ... h p stcn & 1784<br />
Leperre Duroo. p red<br />
LIMBACH, Saxe meiningen ... hp p red 17G1<br />
p gold<br />
p coicr<br />
LIMOGES, France ... h p p red 1773
J.p<br />
Factories. H5
146 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
Davenport.<br />
LONGPORT.<br />
Phillips.<br />
yi.rf<br />
X<br />
LONGPORT<br />
J. Davenport<br />
A blurred impressi<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
" ^ war& is read Liver-<br />
pool in mistake for<br />
Davenport..<br />
pot imp 1793<br />
pr red<br />
imp<br />
LOOSDRECHT, near Amsterdam, bp p bine<br />
Holl<strong>and</strong><br />
Manufactur<br />
oude Loos-<br />
drecht. Moll, director<br />
LOWESTOFT ... ... s*hp ,,<br />
No mark used by factory<br />
I/UDWIGSBURG, Wiirtemberg h p p blue<br />
Tnitial <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Duke Charles,<br />
sometimes used with-<br />
out the crown<br />
] r blue 1S05<br />
17GO<br />
1772<br />
175-<br />
1758
TR<br />
.<br />
B.1 E<br />
u/ vi/<br />
I<br />
! LUDWIGSBURG,<br />
Factories<br />
Wiirtembcrg<br />
Thisform is also attributed<br />
to Madrid<br />
h p p blue 1758<br />
An antler from ihe arms ,.<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Wilrtemberg<br />
Also W. R. ...<br />
LUXEMBOURG, Belgium<br />
Boch, Director<br />
MADRID -see BUEN EETIRO.<br />
MALTA ...<br />
MARANS, France ... ... pot p<br />
Jean Pierre Roussencq<br />
MARIEBERG, Sweden ... pot p<br />
& s p<br />
or red<br />
p blue 1C06<br />
to 1818<br />
pot p color. 180G<br />
&lip<br />
pot imp 18<br />
color 1740<br />
colo* 1750
148 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
. c.<br />
V<br />
c c<br />
B<br />
MARIEBEEG, Sweden<br />
Ehrenreich.<br />
MARSEILLES, France<br />
Also with C. S.<br />
Savy<br />
Veuve Pernn<br />
li<strong>on</strong>nefoy<br />
pot p color 17*<br />
& s p<br />
><br />
pot p color 1777<br />
pr .,<br />
p black 17CO<br />
., p color 1769<br />
hp p black 1777<br />
&pot
DV<br />
TAPKHEPt<br />
Factories. 149<br />
MEISSEN, near Dresden, Sax<strong>on</strong>y pet imp 17<br />
Boltger<br />
MENECY VILLEROT, France... op p color 1735<br />
Dulce <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Villeroy<br />
& inc<br />
MIDDLESBOROUGH, Yorkshire pot p blue 18<br />
20, the pattern mark imp<br />
MONTET, Franco ...<br />
Laurjorois, manager<br />
MONTPELLIER, France<br />
Le Voul<strong>and</strong><br />
pot imp 18<br />
pot imp 18<br />
MONTREUIL, sous bois, Franco h p p blue 18<br />
Tinet<br />
Moscow, Russia ...<br />
A. Gardner<br />
h p p color 17
5 o Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
n<strong>on</strong>oBbi<br />
7*<br />
I^AHHA<br />
e<br />
NANTGARW.<br />
Moscow, Russia ...<br />
-4. Popo/.<br />
li p p<br />
) 91<br />
color 1830<br />
,, F. G. Fabrica Gospodina h p imp 18<br />
(The factory <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> our & pot color<br />
Lady) Galena<br />
MOUSTIEKS, Franco<br />
,,<br />
Olery<br />
Feraud<br />
Guichard<br />
Also the G <strong>on</strong>ly<br />
NANTQARW, AVales<br />
1686<br />
p color 172-<br />
pot p color 173-<br />
,,<br />
stcn in<br />
dots<br />
h p imp & 1813<br />
color
Factories.<br />
NAPLES. See CAPO DI MONTI.<br />
NEVERS, France ...<br />
,, Jacques Bourdv<br />
,,<br />
,,<br />
Denis Lefebvre<br />
Henri Borne<br />
Jacques Scigne<br />
,, Francois Rodrigue<br />
,<br />
Tile mstori ...<br />
pot p color 15<br />
3) It<br />
II<br />
>t<br />
>5 S><br />
1602<br />
1636<br />
1730<br />
1850
I C2 Pottery<br />
<strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
NEWCASTLE. NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE ... pot imp 18<br />
X<br />
PBC<br />
Nove<br />
NOVE<br />
*<br />
NIEDEBVILLER,. near Stras- h p p blue 1760<br />
1<br />
bourg France , & pot<br />
Bar<strong>on</strong> de Beyerle", the<br />
founder<br />
General de Custine ... 1786<br />
,, And other varieties oj the ,,<br />
cor<strong>on</strong>et<br />
,, Lanfray, director ... fiten 1802<br />
NIMES, France ... ... pot<br />
PLantier B<strong>on</strong>courant # Co.<br />
xmp<br />
183-<br />
NOVE, Italy h p p gold 1750
Factories.<br />
NOVE. Italy h p p gold 175<br />
or color<br />
NUREMBURG, Germany ... pot imp 155(<br />
Ham Kraut ... ... p blue 1578<br />
,, George Liebolt<br />
NYMPHENBERG, Bavaria<br />
The arms <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Bavaria<br />
NYON, Switzerl<strong>and</strong> ... ,,<br />
Pierre Mulhausen, painter >}<br />
1667<br />
b p imp 1753<br />
,, p blue ,,<br />
1790<br />
18-
'54 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
VA
^yV_<br />
H<br />
A<br />
Manuf"- de<br />
MM"-<br />
Guerliard et<br />
liihl a Paris-.<br />
Factories. '55<br />
I PARIS, France ... ... h p p<br />
,,<br />
Gros<br />
,,<br />
P. A. Hann<strong>on</strong>g<br />
Advenir Lamarre<br />
Porcelaine de la Reine ... f<br />
Lelxeuf. Marie Antoinette,<br />
patr<strong>on</strong>ess<br />
Housel took the factory ...<br />
Guerhard<br />
Due d'Angouleme, patr<strong>on</strong><br />
Also the names in full<br />
Nast<br />
together <strong>and</strong> separate.<br />
:<br />
color 1773<br />
n<br />
1773<br />
red 1778<br />
1799<br />
p rod 1780<br />
h p &t red 1783
Dagoty.<br />
&<br />
Feuillet<br />
F&R<br />
P<br />
*<br />
I Pi/!<br />
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
PARIS, France Dagoty ... hp ji ret. 179-<br />
Feuillet ...<br />
J. Petit ... ... h p {.<br />
blue 1790<br />
Clianou ... red 1784<br />
Schlossmacher M v gold 187-<br />
PERKENHAMMER, near Carlsbad,<br />
Austria<br />
hp j> color 1802<br />
Fischer & Reichembach<br />
PlNXTON ... ... Sp<br />
80 attributed, but the<br />
MOUTH<br />
factory had no acknow-<br />
ledged <str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g>.<br />
The sign <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Jupiter<br />
1794<br />
h p p blue 176-
Factories. 157<br />
PLYMOUTH ... ... h p p blue 176-<br />
Probably Jupiter carelessly<br />
pencilled<br />
Doubtful<br />
POPPLESDORF, Germany<br />
QUIMPER.<br />
Hubaudiere.<br />
... ... h p p blue 1770<br />
17<br />
pot imp 176-<br />
imp<br />
1809<br />
EA'IWNSTEIN, Germany ... hp p blue 1760<br />
REUENSBERU or RATISBON ... h p p bluo 17<br />
Germany
k<br />
f<br />
I ?A<br />
pr<br />
fD<br />
X<br />
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
REGENSBERG, cr RATISBON, bp p bit . 17-<br />
Germany<br />
EOCKINGHAM See SWINTON<br />
ROUEN, France ... pot p color<br />
,, A great many initials are<br />
given by<br />
as Rouen <str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
EUDOLSTADT, Germany ... h p jicoior 1758<br />
Hay fork, part <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the<br />
Arms <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> ftchwa'ftzberg
I<br />
I<br />
Factories,<br />
UUDOLSTADT, Germany ... h p p color 1758<br />
SAINTES, FRANCE.<br />
Bernard PaU?sy settled here about 1538 <strong>and</strong> after<br />
unceasing efforts succeeded in producing the well-Known<br />
<strong>pottery</strong> called by his name<br />
SAINTES, France pot inc<br />
So attributed<br />
ST. AMAND, France ... puC, p 1750<br />
Fauquez, director.<br />
ST. CLOUD, b''ranc*> ... s p imp 1702<br />
J. B. Chicanneau ... pot p bluo 1700<br />
,, When patr<strong>on</strong>ised by the king ,, 1702<br />
&sp<br />
to 1715
6o Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
Cc<br />
6<br />
8 rtrt<br />
^ n<br />
ST. CLOUD, France<br />
Trou, director<br />
ST. PETERSBURG, iiussis<br />
Catherine 11<br />
ft Made for the Palace bv<br />
Paul Kornil<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>fe<br />
pot
-4<br />
BPATKEBT*<br />
KopHMAOBblXTi<br />
sx<br />
^L^<br />
ST. PETERSBURG, Russia<br />
,,<br />
Alex<strong>and</strong>er I.<br />
Nicholas!. ...<br />
Factories. 161<br />
Brothers Kornel<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>fski<br />
Alex<strong>and</strong>er II,<br />
ST. SAMSON, France<br />
h p p color 1801<br />
pot imp<br />
1827<br />
1855<br />
183-<br />
SCEAUX PENTHIEVRE, Franco s p inc 1750<br />
^ZsoSP. to 1760<br />
Due de Penthievre. Lord<br />
High Admiral, patr<strong>on</strong> pot p bluo 1751<br />
sp<br />
1753<br />
Sceaux. J.792
162 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
tfe Sevres<br />
SCHAFFHAUSEN, Germany<br />
Tobias Slimmer.<br />
SCHLAKENWALD, Austria<br />
pot<br />
hp<br />
SEVEES, FBANCE.<br />
p coior 1560<br />
1800<br />
This Factory was removed from Vincennes in 1756.<br />
<strong>and</strong>, under the patr<strong>on</strong>age <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Madame de Pompadour<br />
became the most celebrated in Europe. The s<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>t past*<br />
vases, etc., are now invaluable, owing to their form, colour,<br />
<strong>and</strong> artistic decorati<strong>on</strong>.<br />
SEVRES, France.<br />
,, Royal period. Sometimes<br />
with crown. The letter<br />
indicates the year. See<br />
TabU.<br />
Hard paste first made<br />
Republic<br />
And name <strong>on</strong>ly ...<br />
Nati<strong>on</strong>al Manufactory ...<br />
Marlz 1804. See Table.<br />
Imperial Manufactory ...<br />
s p p blue 1753<br />
J7C8<br />
h & s p colov 1792<br />
h p st red 1803<br />
1806
25"<br />
JO<br />
Sevres<br />
30<br />
SEVRES,<br />
Factories. 163<br />
France ...<br />
Imperial Manufactory.<br />
Louis XVIIL<br />
Dated with ttie year <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
the century.<br />
Charles X. ...<br />
,,<br />
,,<br />
On plain ware<br />
On decorated ware<br />
Louis Philippe. From<br />
August to Decemler.<br />
1830, to November, 1831<br />
h p p red 1810<br />
stcn<br />
& imp<br />
p blue 1814<br />
p color<br />
1824<br />
1829<br />
1830
164 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
I SEVRES, France ...<br />
Louis Philippe<br />
With the ahom<br />
Republic to 1851<br />
On decorated ware.<br />
h p p blue 1334<br />
imp or 1833<br />
pr color<br />
pr green 1848<br />
p red<br />
Napole<strong>on</strong> III. , Emperor hp pr color 1852<br />
The raarat- h &<br />
facture <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>s<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>t paste was s p<br />
revived 1854.<br />
The scratch <str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g> the piece m<br />
as undecorated.<br />
pr green<br />
1854<br />
1861
Factories.<br />
SEVBES.-TABLE OF DATES.
66 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
AA
Factories. .67<br />
| SEVRES. Initials <strong>and</strong> M<strong>on</strong>ograms <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Decorators, $c.<br />
/*'* Chapui?, aine ... Flowers, Birds, etc.
i68 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
^^ SEVRES. Initials <strong>and</strong> M<strong>on</strong>ograms <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Decorators,
XA<br />
Factories. 169
#<br />
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain
p<br />
? 1<br />
Factories. 171
172 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
SEVRES. Initials <strong>and</strong> M<strong>on</strong>ograms <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Decorators, $c.<br />
Schadre ... ... Birds <strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong>scapes.<br />
Sinss<strong>on</strong> ... ... Flowers.<br />
Swebach ... L<strong>and</strong>scapes, etc.<br />
Bineb ... ... Flowers.<br />
V<strong>and</strong>e ... ... Gilding <strong>and</strong> Flowers.<br />
Mde. Gerard .<br />
. Flowers<br />
<strong>and</strong> Borders.<br />
Hilken ... ... Pastoral Subjects.<br />
Vavasseur .<br />
. . Arabesques<br />
Gris<strong>on</strong> ... ... Gilding.<br />
Micaud ... .. Flowers, Vases<br />
Bouillat ... L<strong>and</strong>scapes <strong>and</strong> Flowers<br />
Joyau ... ... Detached Flowers.<br />
UNKNOWN.<br />
Figure subjects, finely painted.<br />
Do. do.<br />
On fine ware, with other <str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g>.
?<br />
Factories. '73<br />
SEVRES. Maries <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Decorators,<br />
Buteux, pere ... Flowers <strong>and</strong> trophies.
'74 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
#
5 6<br />
9-<br />
Factories.
M 8.<br />
ASTBTJBT.<br />
E. & J.<br />
BADDELEY<br />
I. & G.<br />
RlDGWAY.<br />
J. & W. E.<br />
Sincheny.<br />
Noel<br />
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
Choisy ...<br />
Aubert ...<br />
Martinet . . .<br />
SEVRES. Marks <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Decorators, i^c.<br />
... Flowers, medalli<strong>on</strong>s.<br />
. . . Flowers<br />
, trophies .<br />
... Flowers.<br />
The lest Painters, fyc., are n Italics.<br />
SHELTON<br />
New Hall Works<br />
<strong>and</strong> name Hackwood.<br />
,<br />
Miles<br />
,, Baddeley<br />
Bell Works<br />
SINCENY, France<br />
pot pr color 1820<br />
,, imp 17<br />
1842<br />
1685<br />
1750<br />
177-<br />
lo 1816<br />
to 1854<br />
pot p color 1733
SPODE.<br />
Porcelar<br />
SINCENT, France<br />
,,<br />
Joseph le Cerf.<br />
Moulin<br />
STOKE-UPON-TllENT<br />
,,<br />
Mint<strong>on</strong><br />
Factories. '77<br />
On best<br />
,, Gopel<strong>and</strong>. Copel<strong>and</strong> $<br />
Garrett, 1833. Cope-<br />
l<strong>and</strong>, late Spode, 1847.<br />
pot p color 177-<br />
1864<br />
pot imp 1770<br />
h p p red<br />
,, p<br />
color 179-<br />
h p p gold 185<br />
or color<br />
pr blue 18<br />
pr color 185-<br />
STBASBOUBG, Germany ... pot p blue 17<br />
Hann<strong>on</strong>g removed to & h p<br />
Frankenthal, 1754.
.78 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
M.<br />
PHILLIPS &Co<br />
DIXON & Co.<br />
MOORE & Co.<br />
SOUTHWARE.<br />
SWANSEA.<br />
X SWANSEA<br />
SWANSEA.<br />
-<br />
n p p color 178-<br />
imp<br />
4- Co. sten rod 181-<br />
SWINTON, Eockingham ... h p pr red 17<br />
The Eockingham Crest.<br />
First used about 1824.<br />
Brameld, maker.<br />
18
BF.AJHELD, SWINTON, Buckingham<br />
BOOTH.<br />
CHILD.<br />
A. $E. Keeling.<br />
VV. ADAT\IK.<br />
TOULOUSE, France<br />
Factories. 79<br />
Fouque, Arnoux et Cie.<br />
h p pr red 1807<br />
&pot<br />
pot p color 1820<br />
TOUKNAY, Franco ... sp p blue 175-<br />
Tour aux oiseaux. Also<br />
a potter's kiln.<br />
TOURS, France<br />
Victor Avisseau.<br />
TUNSTALL<br />
And name in full Enoch<br />
Booth.<br />
V gold<br />
or blue<br />
h p p blue 184-<br />
pot imp 1750<br />
17(53<br />
1770<br />
1780
i8o Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
t*<br />
Ven?<br />
CM<br />
TURIN, Italy ... ... h p imp 1770<br />
Vineuf, Dr. Gioanetti.<br />
UZES, France<br />
Francois Pich<strong>on</strong>.<br />
VAL sous MEUDON, France.<br />
VABAQES<br />
Mittenh<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> $ Mourot.<br />
VENICE, Italy<br />
,,<br />
Giovanni Marc<strong>on</strong>e<br />
pot<br />
& pr<br />
18-<br />
179-<br />
pot p black 1730<br />
or red<br />
h p p red 17<br />
or blue<br />
s p p gold 17<br />
or color<br />
h p p rod 1765<br />
VIENNA, Austria ... ... p blue 1774<br />
The shape <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the shield or imp<br />
varies.
s<br />
VINCENNES, France<br />
The Tower varies.<br />
9> Hann<strong>on</strong>g<br />
fJSTS'\/l\f VILLENGEN, Nuremberg<br />
n-/L.l/yVj Hans Kraut.<br />
cSv VOLKSTADT, Germany<br />
VOISONLIEU, France<br />
Jean Ziegler.<br />
WEDGWOOD. WEDGWOOD, Burslem <strong>and</strong><br />
Wedgwood.<br />
Etruria.<br />
Factories. 181<br />
s p p ?olor 17<br />
li p 178-<br />
hp<br />
pot<br />
s-t<br />
& imp<br />
15-<br />
17G2<br />
1839<br />
pot imp 175-<br />
A h p<br />
1770<br />
imp<br />
17G8<br />
to 1780
132 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
WORCESTER<br />
This Factory was established, in 1751, by Dr. Wall <strong>and</strong><br />
others. The inventi<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> transfer printing <strong>on</strong> <strong>porcelain</strong> is<br />
attributed to Dr. Wall, but is also claimed for Sadler, <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
Liverpool, <strong>and</strong> Dr. Pott, <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Berlin.<br />
WORCESTER s p p blue 1751<br />
Dr. Wall<br />
Imitati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Chinese <str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
Many <str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g> are found in<br />
this style, in imitati<strong>on</strong><br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Oriental.<br />
or gold<br />
p blue<br />
or red<br />
p p blue<br />
or red<br />
17
X WORCESTER<br />
Imitati<strong>on</strong> Dresden <str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
c<br />
tfipfit<br />
,,<br />
Factories. 183<br />
Flight<br />
<strong>and</strong> name <strong>on</strong>
1 84 Pottery<br />
RI<br />
<strong>and</strong> Porcelain Factories.<br />
WORCESTER ... ... h t> pr 18<br />
,, And Chamberlains <strong>on</strong>ly. 178-<br />
., Grainger, Lee $ Co. ... 1800<br />
,, Richard Holdship. A .<br />
Duorator's mafic. He<br />
also ivorkedfor Derby.<br />
p color 175-<br />
WURZBUKG, Bavaria ... ,, p blui 17<br />
ibsolom Yam. YARMOUTH ... pot<br />
^ .Z?,.. orator, also wit''<br />
name inj.^.<br />
ZURICH, Switzerl<strong>and</strong> hp ,)blue 1759<br />
W.C.P.
Oriental. 1 8<br />
ORIENTAL MARKS.<br />
CHINA.<br />
CHINESE <strong>porcelain</strong> is said to date from about a century before the<br />
Christian era ; their <strong>pottery</strong> is <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the greatest antiquity, <strong>and</strong>,<br />
like the<br />
<strong>porcelain</strong>, is <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> every quality. The oldest example that can now be<br />
obtained is <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the Ming period, though, if the <str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g> could be relied <strong>on</strong>,<br />
there are many pieces <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the 10th century still to be found, but <str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
are so easily imitated, <strong>and</strong> Chinese potters are so f<strong>on</strong>d <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> reproducing<br />
old patterns with <str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g> complete, that very little reliance can be placed<br />
up<strong>on</strong> them. The best periods <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the manufacture <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>porcelain</strong> during<br />
the Ming dynasty, were<br />
Yun^ 10 " 1403 to 1424<br />
Seuen-tih ... 1426 1435<br />
Ching-hwa 14C5 1487<br />
Kea-tsing 1522 15G6<br />
Wan-leih ... 1573 1G19<br />
Egg Shell" ware was first made in the Yung-lo period.<br />
The euen-th was famous for all sorts <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> coloured ware.
1 86 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain.<br />
The Ching-hwa produced the best ware <strong>and</strong> the finest<br />
decorati<strong>on</strong>. This mark comm<strong>and</strong>s larger prices in Europe<br />
-f- H 7 than any other. The dark rich blue <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the Kea-tching <strong>and</strong><br />
the white granulated surface <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the Wan-leili, are very<br />
choice. " Old blue China," or Nankin ware, is from the Im-<br />
perial factories at King-te-chin a town <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> potters named after King-'e,<br />
the Emperor, who first patr<strong>on</strong>ized the manufactory in 1004-1007. The<br />
ware bore the "six mark" dates until 1667, when they were forbidden<br />
by an edict from the governor <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the province, lest any piece being<br />
broken, the Emperor's name might be pr<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>aned by being carelessly<br />
thrown <strong>on</strong> the dust heap. This blue ware was made by directi<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the<br />
Emperor, who ordered it to be <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the colour <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the sky after the winter<br />
rains.<br />
The <str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>on</strong> Chinese work are seldom either Factory or Painter's<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g>. M. Stanislas Julien gives the mark <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> a potter <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the Wan-leih<br />
period, named Hao-chi-lihieoii, who excelled in writing verses <strong>and</strong> in<br />
painting ; he appears to have taken religious vows <strong>and</strong> lived in retire-<br />
, ^, -^ ment; his mark is Ou-in-tao-jin. Ou,<br />
the hermit. M.<br />
iPf H?. Jacquemart menti<strong>on</strong>s a " six mark," " sold by Pei-tcliing,<br />
AH5? made by Kien-ki." Some <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> those given are no doubt<br />
In3\ makers' names as San-yuh, Mountain <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Gems ; but the<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g> most comm<strong>on</strong>ly found are in four or six characters, <strong>and</strong> denote<br />
the date <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the manufacture.<br />
The "six mark" may be made out from the table <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> dates without<br />
much trouble, except from badly formed characters, h<strong>and</strong>writing being<br />
as varied in China as elsewhere.<br />
Chinese writing is arranged in columns commencing at tne right,<br />
reading downwards. If in a horiz<strong>on</strong>tal line it reads from right to left.
KEEN SEUEN-TA<br />
CHE-TiH-MING<br />
Oriental,<br />
The first <strong>and</strong> sec<strong>on</strong>d characters <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the " six mark " show<br />
woo- TA TA<br />
C<br />
EN- MING<br />
E<br />
/t | "ifc<br />
the dynasty, thus :<br />
' the third <strong>and</strong> fourth, the peri od<br />
(n 'een haou), name <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the years; the fifth signifies<br />
/<br />
!qpl year, <strong>and</strong> the sixth J|| made : thus, Ta-Ming, Hung-<br />
woo, neen che. Great Ming (illustrious) dynasty, Hungwoo,<br />
years; made. 13G8 to 1398. Or arranged thus, Ta.<br />
Ming, Seuen-tth, neen, che. Made in the Seuen-tih period<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the Ming dynasty.<br />
The next example<br />
1426 to 1435.<br />
is<br />
Ta Ts'hing, Yung-ching, neen, die, Great Ts'hing (pure)<br />
dynasty Yung-ching period. 1723 to 1735. The *' four<br />
mark " is more troublesome, as it does not give the<br />
dynasty it necessitates a search through the whole list <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
dates ; it is read in the same order, thus : King-till<br />
neen, che, made in the King-tih period, about 1004 to<br />
1007.<br />
The square <str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g> called the Imperial Seal, which have<br />
been in use from the beginning <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the last century, are<br />
read in the same way; they are written in an archaic<br />
character that is <strong>on</strong>ly understood by antiquaries, <strong>and</strong><br />
are usually very badly d<strong>on</strong>e. In the list given, from the<br />
best examples that could be obtained, it will be seen that<br />
the first, sec<strong>on</strong>d, fifth <strong>and</strong> sixth, which should be alike in all, vary<br />
c<strong>on</strong>siderably; "four mark" seals are also given which show similar<br />
variati<strong>on</strong>s.
i88<br />
4<br />
* *E<br />
\<br />
Pottery<br />
<strong>and</strong> Porcelain<br />
Dates are also written thus : Wan-leih pah r>&n che.<br />
Wan-leih eighth year, made 1580.<br />
All these may be known as dates by the last characters,<br />
Ween year ;<br />
<strong>and</strong> che, to make, form or fashi<strong>on</strong>.<br />
Sometimes another character is used, Neen tsaou, made<br />
or make.<br />
Ta Ming-she-heen, made in the time <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the Great Ming<br />
government. An example was found that probably read<br />
thus : but it was too c<strong>on</strong>fused to be read with certainty ;<br />
the piece waa modern ware.<br />
Ta Ming neen che, made in the years <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the Great Ming.<br />
This is also to be found, but is probably a modern mark.<br />
Another mode <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> dating is by the cycle <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> sixty years,<br />
but as <strong>on</strong>ly the year <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the cycle is given it does not<br />
identify the period.<br />
24th year ... ... p blue
Oriental.<br />
One example was written thus-<br />
Woo shin necn chc, 5th year p blue<br />
The first column is called the ten celestial stems, <strong>and</strong><br />
the sec<strong>on</strong>d the twelve terrestrial branches. The twelve<br />
"branches" are the Chinese Zodiac: The Rat, Bull,<br />
Tiger, Eabbit, Drag<strong>on</strong>, Serpent, Horse, Sheep, M<strong>on</strong>key,<br />
Cock, Dog <strong>and</strong> Boar. The ten " stems " are double<br />
characters ; they are allied to the five Chinese elements :<br />
Water, Fire, Wood, Metal <strong>and</strong> Earth. This system is<br />
also used in Japan <strong>and</strong> Siam. The 76th cycle commenced<br />
in 1864.<br />
If ft 53<br />
57<br />
if "<br />
OPT
190 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain.<br />
5<br />
m<br />
ISA<br />
The most interesting <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> these dates is that used in<br />
the year 1721, Yew sin-choiv ne'^n che. Made in the Sin<br />
chow year again (recurring). The Emperor Kang-he<br />
came to the thr<strong>on</strong>e in the 38th year <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the 68th cycle,<br />
<strong>and</strong> died in 1722. He therefore had reigned for a whole<br />
cycle <strong>on</strong> the recurrence <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the 38th year in 1721, an<br />
event unexampled in Chinese history.<br />
In a later example the date is given both by the year<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the Emperor, <strong>and</strong> the year <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the cycle.<br />
T'hung-cJie sJuh urh necn. Kwci yew, 12th year <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
T'hung-che. 10th year <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> cycle = 1874. The llth<br />
year also commences in 1874.<br />
TA MING Dynasty<br />
Hung-woo<br />
Keen-wan<br />
Yung-lo<br />
1368<br />
1399<br />
1403<br />
DATES.<br />
Seuen-te .. 1426<br />
* Ching-t'hung<br />
1436<br />
King-tae ... 1150<br />
* T'heen-shun 1457<br />
Hung-he<br />
* Some authorities reverse these two periods they both<br />
bel<strong>on</strong>g to the Emperor Yung Ching, who was taken<br />
pris<strong>on</strong>er by the Tartars, <strong>and</strong> held captive for seven yearf.<br />
'<br />
Ching-hwa ... 14G5
$&<br />
Oriental. 191
IMIIII<br />
m$IDJ<br />
11<br />
i j/<br />
loP!<br />
1*5.1<br />
fl<br />
luuii!<br />
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain.<br />
Kang-he ... 1662<br />
Yung-ching<br />
Keen-lung<br />
1723<br />
... 1736<br />
Kea-king ... 1796<br />
Taou-kwang<br />
Han-fung<br />
1822<br />
... 1851<br />
T'huvg-che<br />
... 1861<br />
Four Characters.<br />
Ching-hwa... 14;^<br />
Probably a forgery .<br />
Shun-che ... 1641<br />
Zeen-Zttnflr<br />
Taou-ku-ang<br />
Han-fung<br />
... 1736<br />
1822<br />
... 1851<br />
Thung-che... 1861<br />
Two Characters-<br />
Name <strong>on</strong>ly.<br />
r/mnsr-c/tc...<br />
186!
Oriental. 193<br />
BAT.<br />
Fuh, used as a syn<strong>on</strong>ym for happiness.<br />
DRAGON,<br />
With five claws, is an Imperial emblem, with four, <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
the blood royal, <strong>and</strong> with three, <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the nobility. Lungfung,<br />
a drag<strong>on</strong> <strong>and</strong> a phoenix (divine bird <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> felicitous<br />
omen), was a mark <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the Scuen-to period, 1426 to H35.<br />
FISH.<br />
The two fish, an emblem <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> domestic felicity, is a<br />
mark usually found <strong>on</strong> old blue or Nankin ware ; it is<br />
<strong>on</strong>e <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the earliest known, from 969 to 1106. Cups with<br />
h<strong>and</strong>les in the form <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>- a red fish are <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the Scucn-tc<br />
period.<br />
Many<br />
FLOWER.<br />
varieties <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> this mark are found in blue <strong>and</strong> also<br />
in colours. A sesamuin flower painted under the foot <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
a vase, &c., is a mark <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Tou-chcou, 969 to 1106.<br />
The Che plant, a kind <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> fungus, used as an emblem<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> l<strong>on</strong>gevity.
Pottery ana Porcelain.<br />
Emblem <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> l<strong>on</strong>gevity.<br />
(?) Bat <strong>and</strong> peach.<br />
(?)<br />
The lotus.<br />
Hoa, a small flower p vnted inside a cup,<br />
is a mark <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the<br />
Yung-lo period, 14-3 to 1424. It signifies pleasure in<br />
a vicious sense.<br />
FLY,<br />
Or Butterfly, ia found <strong>on</strong> old " Nankin."
Oriental.<br />
GRASS.<br />
'95<br />
Tho " grass mark" is probably a water plant. About<br />
A.D. 960 some such mark was used to denote ware <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the<br />
best quality.<br />
INSCRIPTIONS.<br />
A great variety are to be met with <strong>on</strong> old <strong>porcelain</strong>,<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>ten in the place where the European mark is found.<br />
Some are compliments <strong>and</strong> good wishes; others are in<br />
praise <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the articles inscribed ; many are quotati<strong>on</strong>s from<br />
the poets <strong>and</strong> classical authors <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> all ages. These last are<br />
not exemplified.<br />
Tsew, wine. Small white cups thus marked were used by<br />
the Emperor Kea-tsing, 1522 to 15G6.<br />
Keen, rectitude. Mark <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> an early period, said to be <strong>on</strong><br />
articles sent to disgraced M<strong>and</strong>arins.<br />
Show, l<strong>on</strong>g life. This is a comm<strong>on</strong> Oriental compliment,<br />
" May you live for ever," <strong>and</strong> occurs <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>tcner<br />
than any other character. It has many variati<strong>on</strong>s ;<br />
sometimes a piece <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>pottery</strong> or <strong>porcelain</strong> is marked<br />
with a hundred or more j these are called " the<br />
hundred sliow."
196 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain.<br />
OS)<br />
\Jy<br />
CT3<br />
if?<br />
*<br />
/*y_>_^%<br />
\/<br />
03<br />
/03\<br />
*<br />
m<br />
va/<br />
/s\<br />
Varieties <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Show. L<strong>on</strong>gevity.<br />
jj<br />
I \/<br />
m<br />
ffl<br />
\/<br />
\7<br />
M \y<br />
in<br />
iiFr^<br />
^<br />
.fj<br />
(il<br />
flm<br />
i<br />
jii<br />
m<br />
t<br />
\/<br />
/)If\<br />
AIA<br />
*<br />
/ffiil
m II<br />
Oriental. 197<br />
Show, is also drawn in circular, oval <strong>and</strong> el<strong>on</strong>gated forms.<br />
In ^/tow; this form is known as the spider mark.<br />
Happiness, divine protecti<strong>on</strong>, felicity.<br />
Also written in many different ways.<br />
ii mm m
198 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain.<br />
31<br />
DP<br />
Luh<br />
m<br />
Kc'ih<br />
Wan<br />
Hing<br />
(?) Ke<br />
Paou<br />
Ting<br />
Shun<br />
(<br />
Prosperity, wealth, great possessi<strong>on</strong>s<br />
Prosperous.<br />
Felicity, good luck.<br />
A, <strong>and</strong><br />
found together.<br />
| Jade, a gem, beautiful, precious, valu-<br />
^ able, &c. , known as the F mark, being<br />
I<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>ten indistinct, <strong>and</strong> like that letter.<br />
/ Literature. On articles made for use <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
I<br />
literarymen,therulingclass<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Cliina.<br />
Exalted, highly esteemed.<br />
A vessel, vase, ability, capacity.<br />
Precious, valuable.<br />
Perfect.<br />
Elegant.
Koo Antique.<br />
Shing Holy.<br />
Oriental. 199<br />
Tsuen Complete, perfect, a name.<br />
King Good, excellent, c<strong>on</strong>gratulati<strong>on</strong>s.<br />
Ch'ha Name.<br />
The five blessings : which<br />
are l<strong>on</strong>g life,<br />
riches, health, the love <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> virtue, <strong>and</strong><br />
a natural death.<br />
Precious or valuable jade.<br />
Yuh chin Jade <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> great value ; pearl <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> great price.<br />
Wan yuh<br />
/ This is an example <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the way <str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
I are usually written.<br />
Kare jade.
2OO Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain.<br />
m<br />
Chin ivan<br />
Choo foo<br />
Keang Cang<br />
Tsaou, fang<br />
Tung gan<br />
Yung ching<br />
( A precious rarity.<br />
A valuable curiosity.<br />
Veritable jade. Chin<br />
An elegant rarity. Yew wan<br />
Great prosperity,felicity<br />
or good fortune.<br />
Western jade. The best )<br />
jade comes to China > /% yuh<br />
from the West. )<br />
A pivot, <strong>and</strong> the most<br />
polite expressi<strong>on</strong> for<br />
the house <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> another.<br />
Palace <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the centre<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the universe mark<br />
used 1260-1367.<br />
Ginger preserved in syrup.<br />
Inexpressibly precious.<br />
A fruit (colled dates, by<br />
Paoushing<br />
Europeans) in Choiv Chow.<br />
syrup<br />
Both<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the Keatsing<br />
period, 1 522-66.<br />
The arrival <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> friends. Yew lae<br />
Name imp <strong>on</strong> old ware.<br />
Red olive cinnam<strong>on</strong>. "1<br />
The Tcwei is a me- I<br />
taphor<br />
h<strong>on</strong>ours.<br />
for<br />
literary<br />
Name p blue <strong>on</strong> old ware.<br />
f<br />
Tan Jcwei
Wei foo china \<br />
I<br />
Oriental. 201<br />
Trr . , , . f Made to multiply (or increase the stock<br />
L J v<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>) veined jasper.<br />
"HALL" MARKS.<br />
There has been some uncertainty as to the exact<br />
meaning <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the word tang,<br />
but Mr. Franks has ascer-<br />
tained that it means the name <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the establishment at<br />
which the specimens so marked were made.<br />
Jin ho kwan Hall <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> brotherhood <strong>and</strong> peace.<br />
Lull e tang Waving bamboo hall.<br />
Kheytih<br />
tang die<br />
Tsae jun<br />
tang che<br />
/ Hall for the h<strong>on</strong>ourable recepti<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
tang ) those who have g<strong>on</strong>e before.<br />
I Hall <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> ancestors.<br />
Made at the Hall <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> rare jade.<br />
Made at the Hall <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> brilliant colours.
2O2 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain.<br />
t*<br />
9<br />
CVmw/ tih \<br />
Made at the Hall <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> virtuous research.<br />
|"<br />
tang die }<br />
*<br />
Made at the Hall <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> f<br />
advantage.<br />
ll Ulade at the Hall 01<br />
\ e<br />
f the jewelled girdle.<br />
Made at the Hall <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>f 1'***"*<br />
abundant jade. (^ tang die<br />
Tze tze \ Madc ftt the Hall <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the<br />
tang die J<br />
violet embroidery.<br />
Made at the Hall<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>j<br />
Ta sh<br />
King<br />
v-ei }<br />
the great tree.<br />
Made at the Hall <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> wor-<br />
( tang die<br />
tang die J<br />
sni ant^ P venerati<strong>on</strong>.<br />
Made at the encourage- j<br />
Yan9 ho<br />
Ming \<br />
Full<br />
Yue<br />
Tang<br />
inent<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> harm<strong>on</strong>y Hall. \ tang die<br />
Tlie illustrious Fo's (or Buddha)<br />
dience or prayer.<br />
hall <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> au
flfe<br />
&,<br />
FfiU<br />
.^.<br />
^<br />
kca ke<br />
Shin till<br />
tang che<br />
Tseushunmei )<br />
yuh tang<br />
che )<br />
Oriental. 203<br />
Beautiful vase (or excellent vessel) <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the<br />
jade hall the Academy.<br />
Made at the Hall <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the cultiva-<br />
ti<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> virtue.<br />
made at<br />
^ sJiin till tang R<br />
Antique<br />
the Shin lih \<br />
Hall. J & boo che<br />
f Made at the Hall <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> beautiful jade.<br />
King tSen tang C Imitati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> antiques made at the King<br />
Men Hall, named after a distinguished<br />
fang koo che<br />
( ^^<br />
Fuh kwci<br />
chang chun<br />
Teen kican<br />
tsze fall<br />
Wealth, h<strong>on</strong>ours, <strong>and</strong> a l<strong>on</strong>g spring time,<br />
or lasting youth.<br />
Wealth, h<strong>on</strong>ours,<br />
<strong>and</strong> l<strong>on</strong>g life,<br />
F*h ku' ci<br />
j cjMng ming<br />
May heaven c<strong>on</strong>fer happiness.
204 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain.<br />
J/L*<br />
jou<br />
wan<br />
Ching yew<br />
ya tsc'ih<br />
Pokoo<br />
chin wan<br />
Wan yuh<br />
paou ting<br />
Wan shang<br />
Shan tow<br />
Mei yuh<br />
ya che<br />
Nan chuen<br />
kin yuh<br />
W<strong>on</strong>derful precious st<strong>on</strong>e, resembling<br />
a jewel.<br />
A gem rare as jade.<br />
The elegant collecti<strong>on</strong>s <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the Holy<br />
Friends.<br />
For the learned in antiquities, a valu-<br />
able curiosity.<br />
Elegant, perfect <strong>and</strong> precious ting, or<br />
metal vase used for burning joss<br />
stick or incense.<br />
Scholarship l<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>ty as the Hills <strong>and</strong> the<br />
Great Bear.' Compliment comparing<br />
the recipient to the mountain Tae Shan<br />
<strong>and</strong> the north pole or star, Pih tow.<br />
Made for the c<strong>on</strong>noisseur <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> beautiful<br />
jade.<br />
The elegant jade <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Nan chuen.
l\ t/ffl<br />
Oriental. 205
2O6 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain.<br />
&J6<br />
Yung cliing<br />
yu die }<br />
Leen cliing<br />
khe how<br />
Jo shin<br />
chintsangf<br />
\<br />
)<br />
Made for the service <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Yung ching.<br />
(?) Name.<br />
Deep like a treasury<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> ems "<br />
This mark is <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> frequent occurrence, but is usually<br />
very indistinct.<br />
Keih tscang<br />
JOU C }<br />
Khe she paou \ ,<br />
tiny che chin }<br />
As fortunate as you can desire.<br />
\ A gem am<strong>on</strong>g precious vessels <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> rare<br />
st<strong>on</strong>e '
ting die chin J<br />
Oriental. 207<br />
1 A gem am<strong>on</strong>g precious<br />
J acle'<br />
vessels <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> rare<br />
Chung yeumei^ For thfl possessor <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> a true <strong>and</strong> faitllful<br />
w<br />
? /& iia -he I<br />
neart this elegant gem was made.<br />
Showpc nan shan, L<strong>on</strong>g life as south mountain.<br />
Fou jou tung hai, Happiness similar east sea.<br />
Nan-shan is a mountain in F<strong>on</strong>g-lfiesang-foii. The in-<br />
scripti<strong>on</strong> may be read, May you live to be as old as<br />
the hills, <strong>and</strong> your happiness be as great as the sea<br />
is wide.<br />
LEAF.<br />
The leaf mark is very comm<strong>on</strong> <strong>on</strong> pieces <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> every period ;<br />
probably a leaf <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the artemisia, an emblem <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> good<br />
augury.
208 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain.<br />
I
Oriental. 209<br />
RABBIT,<br />
or Hare, sacred to the mo<strong>on</strong>, found <strong>on</strong> old Nankin ware,<br />
an emblem <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> l<strong>on</strong>gevity.<br />
SACRED AXE,<br />
so called, it is probably the symbol Fuh embroidered <strong>on</strong><br />
the Emperor's sacrificial robes ; perhaps an equi-<br />
valent for Full, Happiness.<br />
SHELL,<br />
a Buddhist emblem, A shell was lent by the Government<br />
to the ambassadors to Loochoo, to ensure them a<br />
prosperous voyage.<br />
Fa<strong>on</strong>. Precious, valuable.<br />
SQUARE.
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain.<br />
Kwo, Nati<strong>on</strong>al or Governmental.<br />
Te shan, name.<br />
Shan yiih or Shan wang, name.<br />
On old ware, drag<strong>on</strong> pattern.<br />
I<br />
Found <strong>on</strong> old Nankin ware ; imitated by<br />
Europe.<br />
factories <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
Maker or decorator's mark. Called House <str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g> by the<br />
Chinese.<br />
Le Chih, name.
Oriental. 211<br />
Chung-kith she The Chung-kuh family.<br />
Fou kwci \ Beautiful vase for the wealthy <strong>and</strong><br />
kea Ice or '> noble ; or wealth, h<strong>on</strong>ours, <strong>and</strong> a<br />
w<strong>on</strong>g Jce<br />
Ling Chang<br />
tsee tsaou<br />
Chin chow<br />
she ts-uen<br />
Jo shin<br />
chin tsang<br />
Heae chuh<br />
choo jin tsam<br />
Tsun Chin<br />
j<br />
vast intellect or rapacity.<br />
Made by Ling Chang-tsee.<br />
Valuable (vase) to explain the future.<br />
Deep like a treasury <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> gems.<br />
Made by (or for) the lord <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the Heac<br />
bamboos. Heae is the name <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the<br />
place where Ling Lun, minister <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
the fabulous Emperor Hwang Ti, cut<br />
bamboos to form musical instruments.<br />
Name.
212 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain.<br />
Examples <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>on</strong> Cant<strong>on</strong> ware,<br />
possibly to represent the Imperial<br />
SYMBOLICAL ORNAMENTS.<br />
12345 6<br />
Pa-paou. The eight precious things.<br />
' '<br />
Seal. "<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> recent date<br />
1. Pearl or "tide jewel." 2. Probably a coin as an emblem <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> riches<br />
3. Probably <strong>on</strong>e <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the dual symbol (?) the female. 4. Variant <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> last 01<br />
male <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> dual symbol. 5. King, emblem <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> happiness or luck. 6. Pro<br />
bably books. 7. Rhinoceros horns. 8. Leaf <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> artemisia, emblem ol<br />
good augury.
Pa die siang.<br />
Oriental. 213<br />
The eight lucky emblems <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the Buddhists.<br />
1. Chung, a bell. 2. Lo, a chank shell. 3. San, State umbrella.<br />
14 Kae, a 5. canopy. Hwa, the lotus, this is always without fillets.<br />
6. , a vase with cover. 7. Yu, two fishes uuited by fillets, may<br />
signify<br />
domestic felicity.<br />
8. Chang, an emblem <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> l<strong>on</strong>gevity. These<br />
emblems are found as <str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g>, <strong>and</strong> are also used in decorati<strong>on</strong>.<br />
Wan-tsc, Ten thous<strong>and</strong> things, everything, all creati<strong>on</strong>.<br />
cross <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Buddha.<br />
The "swastika" or fylfot ;<br />
King, an emblem <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> good fortune.<br />
This is also intended to give forth a sound when struck ;<br />
it is used as a tuning fork ;<br />
a Mas<strong>on</strong>ic emblem.<br />
it has been mistaken for<br />
Gourd, an emblem <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> l<strong>on</strong>gevity, inscribed Full, happi-<br />
ness, in "Grass" character.<br />
Joo-c, or sceptre <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> l<strong>on</strong>gevity, <strong>and</strong> musical instruments.
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain.<br />
Peach <strong>and</strong> bat, the peach is an emblem <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> l<strong>on</strong>gevity <strong>and</strong><br />
the bat <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> happiness, here they symbolise the phrase<br />
Fuh slwiv shwany chucn, a two-fold perpetuati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
happiness <strong>and</strong> l<strong>on</strong>gevity.<br />
Pi, a pencil, ting, a cake <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> ink, joo-e, a sceptre <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
l<strong>on</strong>gevity symbolizing the phrase, Pi ting joo c.<br />
May things be fixed as you desire.<br />
Paou. Precious things. Pencil <strong>and</strong> roll <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> paper.<br />
Many<br />
TABLE.<br />
varieties <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> this mark are found <strong>on</strong> old Nankin<br />
ware. It was imitated by Delft, Dresden, Worcester,<br />
<strong>and</strong> other factories <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Europe. Mr. Franks is <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> opini<strong>on</strong><br />
that it is a four-legged vase with a high ear <strong>on</strong> each side.<br />
Probably a wedding cup.
Oriental. 1 1 5<br />
These figures occur so <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>ten <strong>on</strong> old ware, especially that<br />
intended for sacrificial use, that a few words may be given<br />
to explain their purport.<br />
The unbroken line Yang, represents the masculine or<br />
perfecti<strong>on</strong> ; the divided line Yin, the feminine or imper-<br />
fecti<strong>on</strong>. The group <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> four is called the Eze-seang or<br />
four similitudes ; the eight are the Pa-qua or eight symbols<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Foh-he. The circle was added by Choiv, a member<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the Sung dynasty, who analysed <strong>and</strong> explained them.<br />
The circle represents the original principle, the waved<br />
line dividing it makes the dual power or the active <strong>and</strong><br />
passive principles <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> creati<strong>on</strong>, it is called the Tae-Tceih,<br />
this when in acti<strong>on</strong>, produced a male power, when at rest<br />
a female power. From these were generated four visible<br />
forms which represent in the innumerable combinati<strong>on</strong>s<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the eight symbols, the changes <strong>and</strong> transmutati<strong>on</strong>s<br />
that take place in nature <strong>and</strong> in the affairs <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the world.
2 1 6 Pottery<br />
<strong>and</strong> Porcelain.<br />
JAPAN.<br />
THE manufacture <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>pottery</strong> is said to date from B.C. 660. A factory<br />
was established by Corean potters A.D. 200. The first good glazed<br />
<strong>pottery</strong> was made at Seto about 1230, by Toshiro, who had learnt the<br />
art in China. Porcelain is said to have been first made by Gorodaytt<br />
Sh<strong>on</strong>sui, who also studied in China, <strong>and</strong> <strong>on</strong> his return in 1513 settled in<br />
Hizen.<br />
The great centre <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the Japanese manufacture is in the province <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
Ilizcn, where twenty-five villages are c<strong>on</strong>gregated <strong>on</strong> a mountain which<br />
affords a plentiful supply <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> material for their work. Other districts<br />
have, however, their peculiar wares, some <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> which are undoubtedly <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
great antiquity.<br />
The <str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g> used in Japan are usually the name <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the factory or <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
the maker or decorator ;<br />
sometimes all are given.<br />
DATES<br />
are marked in the same fashi<strong>on</strong> as the Chinese, sometimas the year <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the<br />
period<br />
is written :<br />
1580 -u -ju. '_ Y 1653<br />
As a rule it may be assumed that when an article is marked Dai<br />
Nip<strong>on</strong> it is a modern producti<strong>on</strong>.<br />
work made after Chinese patterns.<br />
Chinese periods are to be found <strong>on</strong>
Oriental. 217
218 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain.<br />
lH IE<br />
1*1<br />
'13<br />
w<br />
Kwam-bun
tB ^.<br />
Oriental. 219<br />
Asahi, Uji, established 1644-47.<br />
Asa-hi, Morning light, so named from<br />
Min-pci.<br />
colour <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the ware ... ... imp<br />
Avvaji, established about 1840 by Ka-sliiu Min-pci.<br />
Nip<strong>on</strong><br />
Ka-shiu<br />
San-pci<br />
Awata, see Kioto.<br />
(Made by) Kashiu Sanpei in<br />
Awaji, Japan.<br />
AWATA.<br />
Banko Kichibei, established by, 1652-60 at Koume-mu-<br />
ra, near Tokio, known as Yedo Banko, now closed, imp<br />
Ise Banko.<br />
Nip<strong>on</strong> Bartlo.<br />
Shiba-ta \ Made by Shibata Banko,<br />
tsukuru J Japan<br />
DanTco.<br />
... imp<br />
Articles known as Banko ware arc now made at<br />
Kmvana, Yokka-ichi, <strong>and</strong> neighbourhood.
220 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain.<br />
F* m<br />
fe t?o<br />
i<br />
Nip<strong>on</strong><br />
Yiu sctsu<br />
Shi-gen, name<br />
\Not<strong>easy</strong><br />
Nai yasui J Difficult.<br />
...<br />
imp<br />
Banko, The eminent <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> flowers ... inc<br />
Go-so, name ... ... ... imp<br />
Bizen, supposed date, B.C. 97-30.<br />
At Imbe-mura a kiln has been worked since 1390.<br />
llo-kci sci, Made by Rokei, modern mark.<br />
Fujina, comm<strong>on</strong>ly called Idsumo ware.<br />
Fujina, Matsuye.<br />
Un-yei, name.
Oriental. 221<br />
Hirato, Mikawaji, Hizen, established 1655-57.<br />
The ware was made for the use <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> a prince <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the<br />
Matsu-ura family, not for sale.<br />
Ilirato, Mikawaji,<br />
Hirato Shi-aye tsukuru, Shiaye maker.<br />
Mikawaji.<br />
Mori Cliikara tsUkuru.<br />
Hirato.<br />
may<br />
tome yaJcu, The h<strong>on</strong>ourable close <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> burning.<br />
The prince closed the factory ; the article so marked<br />
have been the last fired.<br />
Hizen.<br />
A large number <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> kilns have been worked in<br />
this province, but <strong>on</strong>ly those so marked are named here.<br />
Ilezen Arita Ka-mi. Arita is an important town where<br />
many noted kilns are situated. Kami, name.<br />
Nisid Hczcn Arita yama, West Hezen.<br />
Nan-di sci, Made by N<strong>and</strong>i.
222 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain.<br />
f * v^<br />
%<br />
;n<br />
Shin-po tsuknrn, Made by Shinpo.<br />
Reki-san tsukuru, Made by Rekisan.<br />
Hizen.<br />
Sara yama.<br />
Fuka-gawa (sci omitted), Made by ( Yeizayem<strong>on</strong>} Fukagawa<br />
at Arita.<br />
Fukami (Suminosukt}.<br />
Fukami, Arita ; also C_j_ Fuka with Hczen <strong>and</strong> Great<br />
Japan.<br />
Eishu Arita.<br />
^~<br />
Ten-tai tsukuru, Made by Tentai.
**<br />
JEW<br />
^/MflE<br />
Z6-shun tci.<br />
Oriental. 223<br />
Sam-po sci, Made by Sampo at the Zoshun<br />
(inclosure <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Spring) Hall.<br />
Z6-shun tci.<br />
Sai-chi tsukuru, Made by Saichi.<br />
Arita ware is also known as Imari.<br />
Nichi Hizen.<br />
FuJca-gcvwa sci, Made by Fukagawa <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
Nichi Hizen. On Okawaji ware.<br />
Imado, Tokio. Origin unknown<br />
Go'Saburo, name.<br />
mp<br />
Kaga or Kutani ware, established about 17th century.<br />
Kutani, The nine valleys ... ... p red<br />
Kutani .. p gold
224 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain.<br />
..*<br />
'& H<br />
~F<br />
a/<br />
ti/<br />
Kutani tsukuTU t M.atle at Kutani<br />
Kaga Kutani<br />
, ,<br />
Kaija<br />
Kutani<br />
tsukuTU<br />
Dai Nip<strong>on</strong>, Great Japan.<br />
Kutani sei, Made at Kutani<br />
Kutani Bokuzan, name<br />
Kutani, in centre the name To<br />
decorator<br />
Dai Nip<strong>on</strong>.<br />
To zan no in, Seal <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Tozan ...<br />
Kaga<br />
red<br />
... p red<br />
, . . p<br />
black<br />
Mack<br />
... p blue<br />
a<br />
... p red
To-zan<br />
Kiyo-zan, name<br />
P<strong>on</strong>-zan ,,<br />
Diwo-zo<br />
To-wo<br />
Oriental. 225<br />
Kutani sei, Made at Kutani.<br />
Kaga, Na-Tcen. Kaga L<strong>on</strong>g house<br />
Dai Nip<strong>on</strong> Kutani, omitted.<br />
UcTii-umi kichi-zo, name<br />
pred<br />
imp<br />
p red<br />
p black
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain.<br />
Fw-zcwi, name, Yuzan Hall, KutanL<br />
, happiness<br />
Roku, riches<br />
Ju, l<strong>on</strong>g life /<br />
Are <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>ten found <strong>on</strong> Kaga ware.<br />
Kioto. A potter entitled Nin-sei, 1644-51, erected<br />
them were those still<br />
kilns in various places ; am<strong>on</strong>gst<br />
working at Awata, Kinkozan, <strong>and</strong> Kiomidzu.<br />
Nin-sei, Mark <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> N<strong>on</strong>omura Ninsei about 1650 imp<br />
Awata ware.<br />
Nip<strong>on</strong> Kioto, Japan, Kioto.<br />
Kin ko zan tsukuru, Made by Sobei Kinkozan p gold<br />
Kin ko zan .<br />
. . . imp
Ichi-gaya.<br />
Oriental. 227<br />
Tan-zan, Mark <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Seikai Tanzan<br />
Tanzan ...<br />
imp<br />
... p black<br />
Iiva-kura-zan, Mark <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> I. Kichibeye ... imp<br />
Ho zan, name
228 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain.<br />
m A<br />
04<br />
Ken-zan t Mark <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Ogata Shinsho, about<br />
1730... ... ... ... p brown<br />
Kiomidzu ware.<br />
Sei lean ji, Name <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> village whence came<br />
the maker.<br />
Ddhctchi, name imp<br />
(Takahashi D.) ... ... inc<br />
Kan-zan, name, K. Denshichi...<br />
Sei-fu, name ... ... p<br />
With "Great Japan," "maker," etc.<br />
Ki-tei, name, Wake Kitei.
Oriental. 229<br />
Kishiu ware. Wakayama, an old-established kiln ;<br />
wares greatly improved in 1827.<br />
Kai-raku } ,.. , ,, ,<br />
f Made at the garden <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
yen-sai }<br />
Shu-ka Do, Early flower Hall.<br />
mingled enjoyment ... imp<br />
Yeiraku ware, made at an old establishment by the<br />
Zengoro family. Riyozen (the 10th generati<strong>on</strong>) was the<br />
first to make <strong>porcelain</strong>. The Prince <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Kii h<strong>on</strong>oured him<br />
with the title Yeiraku, <strong>and</strong> presented him with the<br />
seals used as <str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g>.<br />
^ The branch factory <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the river. Seal<br />
Yci-raku, Perpetual enjoyment.<br />
Dai Nip<strong>on</strong>.<br />
Yca-raJcu tsukivru.<br />
Makuzu, near Kioto.<br />
used by Yeiraku Riyozen about 1810.<br />
Fu-ji yo, Made at the Fuji kiln <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Makuzu.<br />
Ma-kuzu tsukuru.
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain.<br />
Makuzuyo ... ... ... p blue<br />
Ko-zan tsukuru, Made by Kozan at the Makuzu kiln.<br />
Minato ware, near Saki, Idsumi. Of great antiquity,<br />
it is believed that Giyeji, the inventor <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the potter's<br />
wheel, was the first to work here.<br />
Minato yaki, Minato ware ... ... imp<br />
Mino ware. Worked in 17th century. Porcelain first<br />
made in 1810.<br />
Nip<strong>on</strong> Mi<br />
Kaito<br />
i\ Made by<br />
vince <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
the pro .<br />
Raku ware, used in the tea cerem<strong>on</strong>ies. Introduced<br />
by a Corean named Ameya, 1658-69. He settled at<br />
Kioto, <strong>and</strong> worked with clay found at Juraku. Taiko<br />
Hideyoshi h<strong>on</strong>oured the s<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Ameya, Chojiro, with a<br />
seal engraved RaTcu, enjoyment, since which it is called<br />
Raku yaki, <strong>and</strong> marked with a seal so inscribed.<br />
Sen-raku "\ Made at the Senraku garden. Seal<br />
> used by Chojiro Kichizayem<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
yen sei ) the llth generati<strong>on</strong>.
Oriental.<br />
231<br />
6hi Raku, Ohi-machi, Kaga. Founded 1680 by<br />
Chozayem<strong>on</strong>.<br />
OM, seal used by the fourth C.<br />
Osaka Raku, made by Kikko, 187-.<br />
Kitzu-ko or Kikko.<br />
Tokio Raku, made by Kozawa Benshi, who is still<br />
working.<br />
Ni-p<strong>on</strong>, To-kio\<br />
MoRaku-ho J<br />
Ja P an<br />
Sado ware. Made <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> a material found in the mines ;<br />
the ware is scarce, <strong>and</strong> in Japan is valued both as a<br />
curiosity <strong>and</strong> as having some medicinal quality. Small<br />
porti<strong>on</strong>s are broken <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>f, crushed in the mouth <strong>and</strong><br />
swallowed for no special disorder, but simply as a good<br />
thing to take.<br />
Sado kin gin zan wo moltci mu-mci di kore wo tzukuru.<br />
Made <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> an unnamed material found in the gold<br />
<strong>and</strong> silver mines <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Sado.
Sho ju<br />
sen nen<br />
Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain.<br />
Jo-zan, name.<br />
May you live 1000 years.<br />
All written <strong>on</strong> the s<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>t clay with a point.<br />
Satsuma, established 1467-86. The Prince brought<br />
potters from Corea about 1592, when the well-known<br />
ware was first made. No mark is found <strong>on</strong> old ware.<br />
Satsu-ma.<br />
Naka-jima (sei), Made by N. ... ... p gold 187-<br />
Seto, Owari, <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> great antiquity ;<br />
Dai Ni-p<strong>on</strong>.<br />
Se-to sei, Made at Seto, Great Japan.<br />
Nip<strong>on</strong>, Seto. Japan, Seto.<br />
date unknown.<br />
Kawa moto, Masu-kichi tsuTcuru, Made by M. Kawamoto.
LU.<br />
Oriental.<br />
Dai Hi-p<strong>on</strong>, Great Japan ... ... p blue<br />
Han-mTci sei, Made by Hansuke Kawamoto.<br />
Nip<strong>on</strong>, Seto.<br />
(?)<br />
Sei-getsa, name <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> a celebrated painter <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>porcelain</strong>.<br />
Ai-wo, name.<br />
Sin-nan fude, name <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> decorator.<br />
2 33
234 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain.<br />
i<br />
U4<br />
I<br />
i*<br />
Yama-moto Sho-tan, Name <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> a celebrated painter <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
<strong>porcelain</strong>.<br />
Seto-Suke, Yokkaichi, established 1764-80.<br />
Se-to-sukt, Name <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> factory.<br />
Shiba.<br />
Resident <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> SMba in ToJcei.<br />
Sei-un-tei, Factory.<br />
Hikomaro, name ... ... ... p black<br />
Soma ware, Naga-mura. It is a popular belief in<br />
Japan that this is the oldest ware made there, <strong>and</strong> the<br />
possessors <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> specimens prize them highly. The running<br />
horse with which they are decorated probably dates<br />
from 1670.<br />
So ma, name imp
iga, name<br />
Tokio.<br />
Dai Ni-p<strong>on</strong>.<br />
Dio-to sei, Maker's name<br />
Tokio.<br />
Matsu-moto<br />
yashi-nobo )<br />
Oriental. 235<br />
Name<br />
Both <str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>on</strong> <strong>on</strong>e piece.<br />
Dio-to, Maker.<br />
Kanc-shige<br />
name<br />
imp<br />
.. p blue<br />
.. p red<br />
Toyo-ura ware, Nagato, established 1716-35.<br />
Toyo-ura yama, Name <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> factory ... imp<br />
Tozan ware, Himeji.<br />
Hime-ji sei, Made at Himeji.
236 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain.<br />
FLOWER.<br />
Many varieties <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> this mark occur <strong>on</strong> <strong>porcelain</strong> both<br />
old <strong>and</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> recent date.<br />
LEAF.<br />
And other varieties are <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>ten found <strong>on</strong> <strong>porcelain</strong>.<br />
INSCRIPTIONS<br />
Of a similar character to the Chinese are found <strong>on</strong> all<br />
kinds <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> ware.<br />
Dzou, l<strong>on</strong>g life.<br />
So-wo, name<br />
Kami sci, Kami, maker<br />
RaTcu-masa tsukuru<br />
,,<br />
Huji-nori, name ...<br />
maker.<br />
... hp imp<br />
... pblue<br />
... pred<br />
,, pblue
A P<br />
Oriental. 237
238 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain.<br />
To giyoku yen<br />
Gosuki sei<br />
Made by Gosuki at the jade n*. rr<br />
<strong>pottery</strong> house, h p p blue / * ~*<br />
The Chinese dates Seuen-tih <strong>and</strong> Ching-hica<br />
are <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>ten found <strong>on</strong> Hezen ware decorated<br />
with old Nankin patterns.<br />
Kame yama<br />
Zo no<br />
Fuku-sJiun ken<br />
GiyoTcu-sd sei<br />
WR<br />
Made in the Gen-ki years 1570-73.<br />
The work <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Kameyama.<br />
_<br />
Made by Giyokusei at Returning<br />
Spring House.
Ki-to Teen<br />
Hoku-han sei<br />
Oriental. 239<br />
Made by Hokuhan at the Curious<br />
Pottery House.<br />
SQUARE.<br />
Called House Marks.<br />
Haict, name <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> a factory ... ... hp p red<br />
Yeh-san or<br />
Itsi-yama j<br />
Ka, felicity.<br />
) mountain middle, name ,, p blue<br />
Goa, str<strong>on</strong>g, name<br />
<strong>on</strong>e mountain, name ..
240 Pottery <strong>and</strong> Porcelain.<br />
M IIP<br />
All <strong>on</strong> blue decorated ware called Hezen ; <str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g> such<br />
as these are found in great variety, they <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>ten differ<br />
in a set <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> cups <strong>and</strong> saucers that are evidently from the<br />
same h<strong>and</strong>.<br />
Eoku, wealth.<br />
Aoi, blue.<br />
This appears to be "happiness."<br />
So-wo, name.<br />
Fuku, happiness.<br />
VASE.<br />
This curious mark is impressed <strong>and</strong> coloured ; it re-<br />
presents a sacred vessel used in sacrificing <strong>and</strong> is inscribed<br />
with the characters Fuku, happiness, <strong>and</strong> ju,<br />
l<strong>on</strong>gevity.<br />
^3259 4<br />
o
i<br />
.<br />
-
BINDING SECT. JUN j 5<br />
NK<br />
215<br />
Hooper, William Harcourt<br />
A <str<strong>on</strong>g>manual</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>marks</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>on</strong><br />
H6 <strong>pottery</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>porcelain</strong><br />
PLEASE DO NOT REMOVE<br />
CARDS OR SLIPS FROM THIS POCKET<br />
UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO LIBRARY