Serengeti General Management Plan

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Serengeti National Park General Management Plan Prioritisation of ecosystem components and threats As stated in the ecosystem management strategy, SENAPA management will work to ‘maintain all components and processes of the naturally evolving Park ecosystem’. However, due to the inherent complexity of these natural systems, and the limited resources available, it is not possible for the SENAPA Ecology Department to monitor and manage each individual ecosystem component. In response, an ecosystem management planning process 3 has been developed to identify representative ecosystem components and prioritise strategic decisions regarding their conservation. This approach will ensure the optimal allocation of time and resources for implementing conservation strategies to protect and monitor the long-term health and functions of the SENAPA ecosystem. The key features and outputs of this planning process are outlined below. SENAPA Conservation Targets The SENAPA Conservation Targets, listed in the box below, cover the various spatial scales and levels of biological organisation that the ecosystem functions at; from ecological systems and processes to individual species. Together the targets represent and encapsulate the unique biodiversity of the Serengeti ecosystem and the components that require special management actions. The underlying assumption behind establishing these Conservation Targets is that, if they are truly representative, then focusing efforts on their conservation will also ensure the conservation of all co-occurring ecosystem components and therefore the maintenance of a healthy ecosystem. The co-occurring ecosystem species, or ‘Subsidiary Targets’, are listed alongside the eight Conservation Targets in Table C.1 overpage. 26 Conservation Targets Ecosystem Level 1. The Migration 2. Mara River System 3. Riverine Forest 4. Acacia woodland 5. Terminalia woodland 6. Kopje habitat 7. Black rhino 8. Wild dogs Community Species The final column in Table C.1 lists the Key Ecological Attributes (KEAs), which are the factors that most clearly define or characterise each of the eight Conservation Targets. The KEAs include factors pertaining to the Conservation Target’s biological composition, spatial distribution, biotic and abiotic interactions and ecological connectivity. The KEAs are sensitive to change and provide the basis for monitoring the overall health of their respective Conservation Target. The Black rhino and Wild dog Conservation Targets have been identified as requiring special management attention, and restoration actions are needed to bring their KEAs within their minimum threshold level. 3 Based on The Nature Conservancy’s (TNC) Conservation Action Planning (CAP) process
C. Ecosystem Management Programme Table C.1: SENAPA Conservation Targets and Key Ecological Attributes Conservation Target The Migration � Migration species � Mara river system � Short-grass plains � Long-grass plains Mara River Subsidiary Targets Key Ecological Attribute Traditional migratory routes and access to critical areas Population size of key species Productivity of key species � Migratory birds Forage quality and spatial availability Water flow Riverine forest � Colobus Monkey � Several bird species (e.g. Schalow’s turaco) � Amphibians � Hill-top thicket Acacia woodland � Community of birds and mammals � Tabora Cisticola, Redthroated Tit, Fischer’s Lovebird, Grey-breasted Spurfowl � Recruitment of euphorbia Terminalia woodland � Community of birds (e.g. Tabora Cisticola) and mammals � Oribi � Roan antelope Kopje habitat � Pancake tortoise � Rock hyrax � Klipspringer � Agama (reptiles) � Kopje plants Black rhino Wild dogs Ecosystem threats Water quality Forest extent and size Forest extent and size Indicator species (e.g. Colobus monkey, Dendrohyrax, B&W Casked hornbill) Recruitment rate of key forest species Density of key tree spp. Herbivores of woodland Density of Terminalia spp. Herbivores of woodland Main xerophytic plant species Key mammal species Suitable woodland habitat Population size Productivity (recruitment) Genetic diversity Population size Productivity (recruitment) Genetic diversity For this GMP, an ecosystem threat is defined as any factor, resulting either directly or indirectly from human activities, that has the potential to destroy, degrade or impair a Conservation Target in the next 10 years. The identification of threats to the ecological viability of the Conservation Targets are ranked according to the potential level of damage (severity) and geographic extent (scope), as detailed in Table C.2 and Table C.3 below. The threats identified will be monitored by the SENAPA Ecology Department and form the basis for the development of management actions in this Programme. 27
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Table G.2: Ecosystem Management Act
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Management Targets 1.4 Viable popul
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Management Targets 1.3 Conservation
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Management Targets 2.2 Performance
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Management Targets 3.3 Environmenta
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I. ANNEXES 161
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I. Annexes The United Republic of T
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Serengeti General Management Plan

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