Questionnaire Validation Made Easy - EuroJournals

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Questionnaire Validation Made Easy 177 results, then its reading is invalid. Reliability is a characteristic of the instrument itself, but validity comes from the way the instrument is employed. “The principle is this –an instrument (questionnaire) can be reliable but invalid, but to be valid an instrument must be reliable, furthermore the level of reliability sets a limit to how valid an instrument can be.”(8) and “Mode of questionnaire administration can have serious effects on data quality’ (14). Advantages of Validating a Questionnaire This reduces bias by detecting ambiguities and misinterpretations which can then be minimized. The ambiguities when minimized then the instrument aims at high degree of “specific objectivity.”(3, 15). The instrument is compared with a “gold standard” questionnaire. (3) as well as the instrument is compared with the other sources of data. (3)The other benefits are that the feasibility, acceptability, time needed to respond, cost etc. are pre-examined. (3) This also “Examine variation in response due to data inquiry methods” (self administered, personal interview, telephone interview etc (3).Hence, better quality data will be collected, comparability will be high, efforts will be reduced and the credibility, quality and usefulness of information thus derived will be far superior. We suggest that authors of questionnaire based research papers shall feel proud of making the questionnaire available on-line rather than taking it as a burden and in turn shall receive incentives, like priority in publications, from the editors. Authors of the medical papers shall put the questionnaires on their web pages or better on-line with free asses to the researchers. “Submitted papers that were accompanied by a web accessible questionnaire might be granted higher priority for publication. All else being equal, one could argue that a report with an easily accessible questionnaire has greater value to readers.”(16) References [1] Abbas T, Charles T; HANDBOOK OF MIXED METHODS IN SOCIAL &BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH; SAGE PUBLICATIONS Inc; 2002; Page 298 [2] Gudrun Bornhöft, Stefanie Maxion-Bergemann, Ursula Wolf et al; Checklist for the Qualitative evaluation of clinical studies with particular focus on external validity and model validity; BMC Medical Research Methodology; 2006; 6:56. [3] Jem Olsen (on behalf of the IEA European Questionnaire Group); Epidemiology deserves better questionnaires; International Journal of Epidemiology; 1998; 27; 935. [4] Lohr KN, Aaronson NK, Alonso J, et al; Evaluating quality-of -life and health status instruments: Development of scientific review criteria; Clinical therapeutics; 1997; 18; 979-92. [5] Bolton Paul; Cross-Cultural Validity and Reliability Testing of a Standard Psychiatric Assessment Instrument without a Gold Standard; The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease; April 2001; Volume 189 - Issue 4; pp 238-242 (Abstract) [6] Martin Bulmer, Bulmer (Editor), Donald P. Warwick (Editor), Social Research In Developing Countries: Surveys and Censuses in the Third World (Paperback); Routledge; Mar 1993; Chapter 11 Data Collection p146. [7] Afifi, A. A., Elashoff, R. M; Missing observations in multivariate statistics. Part I; Journal of the American Statistical Association; 1969; 61; pp 595-604. [7 B] Nunnally, J. C. Psychometric theory; (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. (1978) [8] Spector, P. Research Design. Beverly Hills; Sage;(1981); Page 13, 15 [9] Colosi, Laura A; The Layman’s Guide to Social Research Methods Reliability and Validity: What’s the Difference? (1997) http://www.socialresearchmethods.net/tutorial/Colosi/lcolosi2.htm [10] Portney LG, Watkins M; Foundations of Clinical Research: Applications to Practice, 3rd ed. Prentice-Hall; 2008
178 Suri Sushil and Verma N [11] Mary Seabrook; Clinical students' initial reports of the educational climate in a single medical school; Medical Education; Volume 38 issue 6; Pages 659 – 669. [12] Richard Cooke, Bridgette M. Bewick, Michael Barkham etal; Measuring, monitoring and managing the psychological well-being of first year university students; British Journal of Guidance &Counseling; Volume 34 Issue 4 November 2006; pages 505 – 517. [13] Sue Roff, Sean McAleer, Ronald M. Harden et al; Development and validation of the Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM); Medical Teacher; Volume 19, Issue 4 December 1997; pages 295 – 299. [14] Ann Bowling; Mode of questionnaire administration can have serious effects on data quality; Journal of Public Health; 2005; 27(3); pp 281-291. [15] Document title On Specific Objectivity. An Attempt at Formalizing the Request for Generality and Validity of Scientific Statements in Symposium on Scientific Objectivity, Vedbaek Mau 14-16, 1976.Author(s)RASCH G. Danish Year-Book of Philosophy Kobenhav 1977, Vol.14, pp. 58-94 [16] Allen J Wilcox; The quest for better questionnaires; American Journal of Epidemiology; Vol 150; Number 12; Dec (15) 1999
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