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Jesus Remembered: Christianity in the Making, vol. 1

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FROM THE GOSPELS TO JESUS S8.5<br />

This evidence should be given more weight than has usually been <strong>the</strong> case.<br />

Of course, such features are common to written as well as oral tradition. And an<br />

Aramaic phase may only be evidence of an early (post-Easter) stage of transmission<br />

when <strong>the</strong> tradition was still circulat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> Aramaic. But if <strong>the</strong> tradition is<br />

consistently marked by particular stylistic features, as <strong>the</strong> Aramaic specialists<br />

conclude, <strong>the</strong>n it has to be judged more likely that <strong>the</strong>se are <strong>the</strong> characteristics of<br />

one person, ra<strong>the</strong>r than that <strong>the</strong> multitude of Aramaic oral tradents had <strong>the</strong> same<br />

characteristics. The possibility that we can still hear what Jeremias called '<strong>the</strong><br />

ipsissima vox' (as dist<strong>in</strong>ct from <strong>the</strong> ipsissima verba) of <strong>Jesus</strong> com<strong>in</strong>g through <strong>the</strong><br />

tradition should be brought back <strong>in</strong>to play more seriously than it has <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> thirty<br />

years s<strong>in</strong>ce Jeremias last wrote on <strong>the</strong> subject. 226<br />

As with <strong>the</strong> narrative tradition, so with <strong>the</strong> teach<strong>in</strong>g tradition, various examples<br />

are readily forthcom<strong>in</strong>g. We beg<strong>in</strong> with two examples from with<strong>in</strong> earliest<br />

<strong>Christianity</strong>'s liturgical tradition. In this case <strong>the</strong> studies <strong>in</strong> orality have confirmed<br />

what might anyway have been guessed: that tradition function<strong>in</strong>g as<br />

'sacred words' with<strong>in</strong> a cult or liturgy is generally more conservative <strong>in</strong> character;<br />

<strong>the</strong> transmission (if that is <strong>the</strong> best term) is <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> nature of sacred repetition<br />

<strong>in</strong> celebration and affirmation of a community's identity-form<strong>in</strong>g tradition.<br />

b. The Lord's Prayer (Matt. 6.7-15/Luke 11.1-4)<br />

Matt. 6.7-15<br />

7 "When you are pray<strong>in</strong>g, do not heap up empty<br />

phrases as <strong>the</strong> Gentiles do; for <strong>the</strong>y th<strong>in</strong>k that <strong>the</strong>y<br />

will be heard because of <strong>the</strong>ir many words. 8 Do<br />

not be like <strong>the</strong>m, for your Fa<strong>the</strong>r knows what you<br />

need before you ask him.<br />

9 Pray <strong>the</strong>n <strong>in</strong> this way:<br />

Our Fa<strong>the</strong>r who are <strong>in</strong> heaven, hallowed be your<br />

name. 10 Your k<strong>in</strong>gdom come. Your will be<br />

done, on earth as it is <strong>in</strong> heaven. 11 Give us<br />

today our daily bread. 12 And forgive us our<br />

debts, as we also have forgiven our<br />

debtors. 13 And do not br<strong>in</strong>g us to <strong>the</strong> time of<br />

trial, but rescue us from <strong>the</strong> evil one. 14 For if<br />

you forgive o<strong>the</strong>rs <strong>the</strong>ir trespasses, your heavenly<br />

Fa<strong>the</strong>r will also forgive you; 15 but if you do not<br />

forgive o<strong>the</strong>rs, nei<strong>the</strong>r will your Fa<strong>the</strong>r forgive<br />

your trespasses".<br />

Luke 11.1-4<br />

1 He was pray<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> a certa<strong>in</strong> place, and after he<br />

had f<strong>in</strong>ished, one of his disciples said to him,<br />

"Lord, teach us to pray, as John taught his<br />

disciples". 2 He said to <strong>the</strong>m, "When you pray,<br />

say: Fa<strong>the</strong>r. hallowed be your<br />

name. Your k<strong>in</strong>gdom come.<br />

3 Give us<br />

each day our daily bread. 4 And forgive us our<br />

s<strong>in</strong>s, for we ourselves also forgive everyone<br />

<strong>in</strong>debted to us. And do not br<strong>in</strong>g us to <strong>the</strong> time of<br />

trial".<br />

226. Funk talks of <strong>Jesus</strong>' 'voice pr<strong>in</strong>t', <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g anti<strong>the</strong>sis, synonymous parallelism, reversal,<br />

paradox, and o<strong>the</strong>rs more dist<strong>in</strong>ctive to Funk's own standpo<strong>in</strong>t (Honest 144-45, 149-58).<br />

226

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