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AAPI’S NUTRITION GUIDE TO OPTIMAL HEALTH: USING PRINCIPLES OF FUNCTIONAL MEDICINE AND AND NUTRITIONAL GENOMICS Sheila Quinn offers freelance medical writing and editing services. Contact Sheila Quinn at SheilaQuinn@medwriter.comcastbiz.net or 253- 283-0110. References: 1 DeVol R, Bedroussian A. An Unhealthy America: The Economic Burden of Chronic Disease. The Milken Institute, October 2007. 2 Dr. Gerard Anderson, Partnership for Solutions, "Medicare and Medicaid Are Programs for People with Chronic Illness … But Do Not Know It," presentation to General Accounting Office, February 5, 2004; Partnership for Solutions, Chronic Conditions: Making the Case fo rOngoing Care, December 2002; Medicare spending data from U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. 3 Bureau of Labor Education, University of Maine. The U.S. Health Care System: Best in the world, or just the most expensive? Summer, 2001. 4 The Commonwealth Fund Commission on a High Performance Health System. Why Not the Best? Results from the national scorecard on U.S. health system performance, July 2008. 5 Bodenheimer T, Chen E, Bennett H. Confronting the growing burden of chronic disease: can the U.S. health care workforce do the job? Health Affairs. 2009;28(1):64-74. 6 Partnership for Solutions. Chronic Conditions: Making the Case for Ongoing Care. A Project of Johns Hopkins University and The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. September 2004. Available at http://www.partnershipforsolutions.org/DMS/files/chron icbook2004.pdf. 7 Egger G, Dixon J. Should obesity be the main game? Or do we need an environmental makeover to combat the inflammatory and chronic disease epidemics? Obes Rev. 2009;10(2):237-49. 8 Johns MME, Brigham KL. Transforming health care through prospective medicine: The first step. Acad Med. 2008;83(8):706. 9 Willett WC. Balancing life-style and genomics research for disease prevention. Science. 2002; 296:695-97. 10 Yu SL, Ho LM, Lim BC, Sim ML. Urinary deoxypyridinoline is a useful biochemical bone marker 12 for the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 1998;27(4):527-29. 11 Palomba S, Orio F, Colao A, et al. Effect of estrogen replacement plus low-dose alendronate treatment on bone density in surgically postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87(4):1502-1508. 2012
AAPI’S NUTRITION GUIDE TO OPTIMAL HEALTH: USING PRINCIPLES OF FUNCTIONAL MEDICINE AND NUTRITIONAL GENOMICS 2 Nutritional Genomics Research And Practice Colleen Fogarty Draper, MS, RD, LDN Nutritional Genomics is the scientific study of the impact of gene polymorphisms on the body’s propensity for disease and functional imbalances and nutritional requirements; and the impact of food, nutrients and related, holistic aspects of human lifestyle on gene expression; which also effects gene regulation, transcription, early phase protein production and intermediary markers of metabolism expressed by the metabolome. As this informative area of science progresses, the nutritional genomics term will increasingly encompass nutritional systems biology, including all of the ‚omics‛ sciences as they relate to nutrition, lifestyle, life experiences, and other related aspects of the environment that contribute to an individual’s wellbeing. This exciting science has tantalized many of us for the last decade providing mechanistic insights which help us better understand impactful nutrition therapies and helps scientists do better research. Although this area of science is still maturing, it is important for the practitioner to start the education process now, to 13 be prepared for a future in which holistic practice is synonymous with nutritional genomics. The evolution of nutritional genomics research offers some clues to the root cause understanding necessary to use nutrition therapies in practice to heal, instead of simply treating disease symptoms or prevention of worsening disease. It also holds the potential to fuel the research in practice necessary to design evidence-based intervention strategies. Thus, Western/conventional nutrition practice can be evolved to prevent and heal chronic heath issues rather than treat symptoms (e.g., neurodevelopmental disorders are a phenotypic translation of a nutritional catastrophe). However, in order to promote healing in practice to achieve positive health, we must first agree on a definition of health; particularly since Western medicine is focused on defining disease and this focus has permeated in scientific research efforts and funding. In 1948, the World Health Organization (WHO) ratified a definition of health as the following, ‚Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity‛[1]. 2012
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