Best Practices for SAP BI using DB2 9 for z/OS - IBM Redbooks

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Predecessor Successor WW Sales Europe Europe East Europe Central If there are restrictions on hierarchies within a query, the results, that is, the corresponding leafs of the hierarchy nodes that you select, are stored in hierarchy result tables. The names of those tables consist of the prefix for SAP BI tables (/BI0 or /BIC) followed by the digits 02. /BI0/0200000001 is an example of the name of a hierarchy result table. 12.6 Extended star schema (InfoCubes) SAP uses an extended star schema in defining and creating InfoCubes. It contains two types of data used in analysis: Key figures Sales revenue, fixed costs, sales quantity, or number of employees, and so on. Characteristics Customer type, fiscal year, period, or region are examples. Characteristics are used to create evaluation groups for analysis. The underlying InfoObjects that make up an InfoCube are categorized in terms of these two types of data. That is, a given InfoObject represents either key figures or characteristics. A third type of InfoObject, attributes, contains metadata describing other InfoObjects. 264 Best Practices for SAP BI using DB2 9 for z/OS
SID Table SID Table SID Table An InfoCube is represented in the database as a set of relational tables, as shown in Figure 12-5. These are arranged according to the star schema, a technique that organizes data in terms of data facts and business dimensions. Master Hierarchies Text Master Hierarchies Text Master Hierarchies Text SID Table Figure 12-5 Extended star schema Hierarchies Text dimension dimension SID Table Master Hierarchies Text dimension Master Fact SID Table Hierarchies Text dimension SID Table Master dimension Master Hierarchies Text SID Table Hierarchies Text SID Table SID Table Master Hierarchies Text Master Hierarchies Text SID Table Master Master Hierarchies Text The star schema places several dimension tables around a central fact table. The E- fact table stores key figures, while the surrounding dimension tables store the characteristics needed for evaluating and reporting on those key figures. fact tables are the largest tables in star schemas, and they may contain billions of entries. Dimension tables are independent of each other. The E- fact table links the dimension tables and the key figures. To link these tables, dimension identifiers are used. A dimension identifier uniquely identifies a particular combination of characteristic values in a dimension table, for example, a certain product and the corresponding product group. Characteristics that are correlated, such as product and product group, are usually put in the same dimension. Chapter 12. Concepts, activities, and terminology 265
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Best Practices for SAP BI using DB2
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Note: Before using this information
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4.4 Extended sparse index and in-me
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11.3 SAP BI database and InfoCube l
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viii Best Practices for SAP BI usin
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Trademarks The following terms are
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The team that wrote this IBM Redboo
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Thanks to these authors from the Pr
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► Send your comments in an e-mail
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1.1 Product overview The business w
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In general, database administrators
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► Horizontal growth is achieved b
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8 Best Practices for SAP BI using D
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2.1 BI architecture Figure 2-1 show
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New term Old term Analysis authoriz
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negative values means missing stati
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- When calculating database statist
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If you specify a partitioning schem
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Important: Never partition a PSA ta
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Figure 2-10 DPSIs versus NPSIs Figu
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Finally, Figure 2-12 explains which
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Figure 2-14 shows how the snowflake
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► Realignment This refers to the
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3.1 Base recommendations - SAP BI i
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the F- fact table, the E- fact tabl
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34 Best Practices for SAP BI using
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4.1 Dynamic index ANDing for star s
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Figure 4-2 and Figure 4-3 on page 3
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4.2.1 Processing RUNSTATS for BI ta
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RUNSTATS will then be called over t
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DSNU610I -DB2T 081 16:36:03.85 DSNU
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Often the single-value based freque
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Several things worth noting are:
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The unit of a value specified to MX
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condition, generated by SAP BI upon
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There is a separate IBM Redbooks pu
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5.1 Load PSA In this section we dis
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5.1.1 Load PSA To load data into th
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After the source system, the DataSo
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Note the available tabs (registers)
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Figure 5-8 shows the provided optio
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Figure 5-10 shows the following:
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The PSA table name is created autom
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5.1.4 PSA partitioning Partitioning
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An InfoCube, whether data target or
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6.1 Types of InfoCubes Data targets
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After selecting at least one time d
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6.2.1 Repartitioning implementation
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You will then be presented with a w
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From within the monitor you are abl
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Once your repartitioning process is
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Figure 6-14 is displayed once you h
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When you remodel an InfoProvider yo
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Figure 6-17 demonstrates how you wo
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At this step of the process you are
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6.3.2 Benefits of remodeling InfoPr
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6.4.3 Cumulative data versus non-cu
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Important: After the initial compre
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► Use DPSIs for the cube’s E- f
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7.1 Differences between DataStore a
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Figure 7-1 shows the initial status
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4. By selecting the Create button,
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Partitioning and clustering are bot
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7.4.2 Choosing and changing the clu
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7.4.4 Partitioning a DataStore obje
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From the ABAP Dictionary: Utility f
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Figure 7-9 DB2/390 Storage Attribut
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partitioning was used. The CREATE T
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, "/BIC/RECORDMODE" POSITION( 00289
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Upon completion of the job, you wil
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| "/BIC/DIVISION" VARGRAPHIC (00000
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| sql: | DELETE FROM DDSTORAGE | WH
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| "/BIC/CRMEM_VAL" DECIMAL (000017,
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| DDL time(___8): .........4 millis
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8.1 Troubleshooting general system
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You need to ascertain: ► Which us
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Further information about the subje
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8.2 Analyzing load performance In t
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We use transaction ST03 → Expert
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Click the Details tab of the RSMO w
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Select the component of interest to
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Figure 8-11 All statistical records
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Figure 8-13 Single statistical reco
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Loading from a flat file You can av
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and right-click to select the Simul
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Note: You must activate the saving
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5. In the right-hand panel of the w
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If your query has long run times th
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that the query runs against → Mai
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If the main component of query perf
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► Display Statistics Data (to sho
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Select the appropriate button, ente
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Figure 8-29 Statement details To ch
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The ratio (ST04 statement cache “
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Figure 8-32 Visual Explain - SQL te
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8.5 SAP Query Analysis Tool The SAP
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Display of sql access path SQL quer
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The access path is displayed hierar
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The table information tab shown in
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DB2 Plan Table Figure 8-42 DB2 plan
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Graphical view of each query block
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Now you see the graphical view of t
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8.5.4 Example of using the query an
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9.1 The BIA architecture Figure 9-1
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Figure 9-2 BIA t-shirt sizing The B
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From the hardware side, the BIA is
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9.7 Overview The improvement of the
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10.1 SQL efficiency for DSO Queries
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The first join predicate is "/BIC/A
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Figure 10-5 Associate local predica
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Step 3 is repeated for each master
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Using the InfoCube query example in
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Page 246 and 247: 11.1 Background To be more competit
Page 248 and 249: 11.2.1 Hardware and software config
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Page 256 and 257: 11.4 Test case scenarios The goal o
Page 258 and 259: Figure 11-3 explains the data flow
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Page 274 and 275: 12.1 Terminology: BI objects and pr
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Page 278 and 279: 12.3 Dataflow in SAP BI Data flow i
Page 280 and 281: 12.4 Information access As previous
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Page 286 and 287: 12.8 Aggregates 4. The dimension ta
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IT scenario The environment we used
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Checks under z/OS and DB2 We recomm
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To check that the SAPCL procedure w
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List of SAP BW OSS Notes Table C-1
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SAP BI on DB2 for z/OS 390016 BW Da
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Network configuration: static multi
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START CU091060 START CU0A1070 START
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Table name Average row length Total
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Table name Average row length Total
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Parameters BPK16K0 BPK16K1 VIRTUAL
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drwxr-xr-x 3 t11adm sapsys 2048 200
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Example D-6 shows a cube index crea
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B49/S_RTNSVAL 24 DECIMAL 17 2 N 4 N
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-rw-r--r-- 1 t11adm sapsys 2084482
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-rw-r--r-- 1 t11adm sapsys 547449 2
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Online resources These Web sites ar
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Help from SAP SAP Support and downl
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C Candidates for partiioning Data W
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M master data 155, 211, 258, 277 si
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star schema 265-266 also see InfoCu
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Best Practices for SAP BI using DB2
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Best Practices for SAP BI using DB2 9 for z/OS - IBM Redbooks

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