ESA Document - Emits - ESA
ESA Document - Emits - ESA ESA Document - Emits - ESA
s Trajectory Surface stay duration Propulsion Return approach Trade-offs Options Conjunction Opposition Venus swing-by Low thrust Orbit insertion around Mars Orbit around Mars MEV release Split / All up Distributed/localised artificial Long stay Short stay Chemical Storable Cryogenic NTP SEP NEP THM and ERC inserted around Earth THM discarded, ERC inserted THM discarded, ECR direct entry Propulsive Aerocapture Aerobraking Circular High elliptical orbit From circular orbit From high elliptical orbit Split Scenario All-up Scenario Spinning spacecraft gravity Centrifuge Crew number Six 2.7.7 Vehicle architecture Table 2-19: Trade-off conclusions HMM Assessment Study Report: CDF-20(A) February 2004 page 62 of 422 2.7.7.1 Mission elements The main mission elements are: Transfer Vehicle (TV): This element includes the Transfer Habitation Module (THM), which will provide accommodation and life support to the crew during the whole mission, transfer to Mars, orbital operations around Mars and transfer from Mars, and the propulsion modules which will provide the required ∆V for the mission: TMI, MOI and TEI. Mars Excursion Vehicle (MEV) : This element includes the Mars Ascent Vehicle (MAV), which transport its the crew from the surface of Mars to an orbit, where it will rendezvous with the TV, the Surface Habitation Module (SHM) and the Descent Module (DM), which includes the entry, descent and landing system.
s HMM Assessment Study Report: CDF-20(A) February 2004 page 63 of 422 Earth Reentry Capsule (ERC): This is the element that will return the crew from its interplanetary return trajectory (after crew transfer from the TV to the ERC) to the Earth’s surface. 2.7.7.1.1 Transfer Habitation Module This mission element is the core of the mission because it is the one that will provide the habitable volume for the astronauts during most of the duration of the mission. It is composed of a central cylinder, which houses most of the facilities and equipment, and two nodes that act as connection points with the rest of the mission elements and also provide extra volume for the crew. Figure 2-28: Transfer Habitation Module The interior volume is split into the crew quarters, command module, hygiene facilities, training facilities, laboratory and social area, providing storage volume all along the vehicle. It also provides interfaces with the MEV and ERC as well as an airlock to allow EVAs and spare docking port. Mechanical interfaces with the propulsion modules are also provided. The main characteristics and dimensions are shown in Table 2-20: Characteristic Value Overall mass (tonnes) 66.7 Consumables mass (tonnes) 10.2 Total pressurised volume (m 3 480 ) Overall length (m) about 20 Main cylinder diameter (m) 6 Nodes diameter (m) 3.5 Nodes length (m) 5.2 Solar arrays (m x m) 5.1 x 15 Table 2-20: THM properties
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s<br />
Trajectory<br />
Surface stay duration<br />
Propulsion<br />
Return approach<br />
Trade-offs Options<br />
Conjunction<br />
Opposition<br />
Venus swing-by<br />
Low thrust<br />
Orbit insertion around Mars<br />
Orbit around Mars<br />
MEV release<br />
Split / All up<br />
Distributed/localised artificial<br />
Long stay<br />
Short stay<br />
Chemical<br />
Storable<br />
Cryogenic<br />
NTP<br />
SEP<br />
NEP<br />
THM and ERC inserted around<br />
Earth<br />
THM discarded, ERC inserted<br />
THM discarded, ECR direct entry<br />
Propulsive<br />
Aerocapture<br />
Aerobraking<br />
Circular<br />
High elliptical orbit<br />
From circular orbit<br />
From high elliptical orbit<br />
Split Scenario<br />
All-up Scenario<br />
Spinning spacecraft<br />
gravity Centrifuge<br />
Crew number Six<br />
2.7.7 Vehicle architecture<br />
Table 2-19: Trade-off conclusions<br />
HMM<br />
Assessment Study<br />
Report: CDF-20(A)<br />
February 2004<br />
page 62 of 422<br />
2.7.7.1 Mission elements<br />
The main mission elements are:<br />
Transfer Vehicle (TV): This element includes the Transfer Habitation Module (THM), which will<br />
provide accommodation and life support to the crew during the whole mission, transfer to Mars,<br />
orbital operations around Mars and transfer from Mars, and the propulsion modules which will<br />
provide the required ∆V for the mission: TMI, MOI and TEI.<br />
Mars Excursion Vehicle (MEV) : This element includes the Mars Ascent Vehicle (MAV), which<br />
transport its the crew from the surface of Mars to an orbit, where it will rendezvous with the TV,<br />
the Surface Habitation Module (SHM) and the Descent Module (DM), which includes the entry,<br />
descent and landing system.
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