ESA Document - Emits - ESA
ESA Document - Emits - ESA ESA Document - Emits - ESA
s Further information and/or additional copies of the report are available from: L. Bessone EAC/ESA/MSM-AT Linder Hoehe D-51147 Cologne Germany Tel: +(49)-2203 6001 340 Fax: +(49)-2203 6001 302 Loredana.Bessone@esa.int For further information on the Concurrent Design Facility please contact: M. Bandecchi ESA/ESTEC/TOS-ACD Postbus 299 2200 AG Noordwijk The Netherlands Tel: +(31)-71-5653701 Fax: +(31)-71-5656024 Massimo.Bandecchi@esa.int PROJECT Assessment Study Report: CDF-20(A) February 2004 page 4 of 422
s T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S HMM Assessment Study Report: CDF-20(A) February 2004 page 5 of 422 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 19 1.1 Background ................................................................................................................................19 1.2 CDF study ..................................................................................................................................19 1.3 Document structure....................................................................................................................19 2 GENERAL ARCHITECTURE................................................................................. 21 2.1 Study objectives.........................................................................................................................21 2.2 Overall mission requirements and constraints...........................................................................22 2.2.1 Mission Objectives.....................................................................................................................22 2.2.2 Mission-general requirements ...................................................................................................23 2.2.3 Safety requirements ..................................................................................................................23 2.2.4 Physiology requirements: ..........................................................................................................23 2.2.5 Planetary protection requirements ............................................................................................29 2.2.6 Constraints ................................................................................................................................30 2.3 Background ................................................................................................................................31 2.4 Mission analysis.........................................................................................................................31 2.4.1 Requirements and design drivers..............................................................................................31 2.4.2 Assumptions and trade-offs.......................................................................................................32 2.4.3 Baseline design .........................................................................................................................32 2.4.4 Budgets .....................................................................................................................................35 2.4.5 Options ......................................................................................................................................36 2.5 Cruise and surface operations ...................................................................................................37 2.5.1 Planetary protection ..................................................................................................................37 2.5.2 Human surface operations on Mars ..........................................................................................38 2.5.3 Conclusions...............................................................................................................................39 2.6 Radiation environment ...............................................................................................................39 2.6.1 Trapped particle belts................................................................................................................40 2.6.2 Solar proton events ...................................................................................................................40 2.6.3 Galactic cosmic rays .................................................................................................................40 2.6.4 Requirements and design drivers..............................................................................................40 2.6.5 Assumptions and trade-offs.......................................................................................................42 2.6.6 Budgets .....................................................................................................................................43 2.6.7 Conclusions...............................................................................................................................43 2.7 Mission architecture ...................................................................................................................44 2.7.1 Mission case..............................................................................................................................44 2.7.2 Mission case basic architecture ................................................................................................44 2.7.3 Key parameters .........................................................................................................................45 2.7.4 Mission case architecture options .............................................................................................45 2.7.5 Basic assumptions for trade-offs...............................................................................................46 2.7.6 Trade-offs ..................................................................................................................................50 2.7.7 Vehicle architecture...................................................................................................................62 2.7.8 Launchers..................................................................................................................................69 2.7.9 Mission phases..........................................................................................................................70 2.7.10 Mission performance ....................................................................................................75 2.7.11 Surface opportunities....................................................................................................75 2.7.12 Abort Options................................................................................................................78 2.7.13 Aerobraking ..................................................................................................................82 2.7.14 Artificial gravity .............................................................................................................84 2.7.15 Sensitivity analysis .......................................................................................................87 2.8 In orbit assembly........................................................................................................................89 2.8.1 Assumptions and trade-offs.......................................................................................................89 2.8.2 Sensitivity analysis ....................................................................................................................92 2.8.3 Baseline design .........................................................................................................................93 2.8.4 Options ....................................................................................................................................100
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s<br />
Further information and/or additional copies of the report are available from:<br />
L. Bessone<br />
EAC/<strong>ESA</strong>/MSM-AT<br />
Linder Hoehe<br />
D-51147 Cologne<br />
Germany<br />
Tel: +(49)-2203 6001 340<br />
Fax: +(49)-2203 6001 302<br />
Loredana.Bessone@esa.int<br />
For further information on the Concurrent Design Facility please contact:<br />
M. Bandecchi<br />
<strong>ESA</strong>/ESTEC/TOS-ACD<br />
Postbus 299<br />
2200 AG Noordwijk<br />
The Netherlands<br />
Tel: +(31)-71-5653701<br />
Fax: +(31)-71-5656024<br />
Massimo.Bandecchi@esa.int<br />
PROJECT<br />
Assessment Study<br />
Report: CDF-20(A)<br />
February 2004<br />
page 4 of 422
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